DCCs among Sector Indexes and Dynamic Causality between Foreign Exchange and Equity Sector Volatility: Evidence from Egypt

The objective of the current paper is to explore the co-movements between domestic equity sectors in the Egyptian Exchange (EGX), using the dynamic conditional correlation (DCC) model, and to examine the time-varying causal links between the exchange rate volatility (EXVOL) and sector volatility (SVOL) using the bootstrap Granger non-causality tests in a bivariate VAR, where conditional volatility series are extracted from GARCH(1,1) model. We employ weekly data. Results show that all estimated DCCs are positive with a clear heterogeneity between the sector pairs. They do not exhibit stable correlation pattern for a prolong time, implying that DCC estimates change in response to price increment shocks to each sector in the pair. Hence, the assumption of static inter-sectoral correlations between domestic sector indexes is invalid when forming and periodically re-balancing portfolios. The global financial crash and the political instability in early 2011 have significantly increased the level of DCCs for four and ten out of fifteen pairs, respectively. Thus, the recent political turmoil in Egypt has widely affect diversification opportunities in the EGX whereas the global financial crash has not. The volatility transmission between SVOL and EXVOL is subject to structural breaks. The bootstrap rolling window estimations show that the casual relationship between SVOL and EXVOL varies across time. These findings would be of great importance to market participants in their hedging and investment decisions since investors and firms are more concerned with industrial sector exposure estimates

The perceived professionalism and credibility of citizen journalism in Egypt

After 25 January revolution and high penetration rate of Internet in Egypt, the media landscape and the circle of news production has been changed. News production is not any more in news agencies and media organization’ hands after the propagation of the social media, but it becomes in ordinary citizens’ hands. The Egyptian citizens are equipped with their mobile phones and Internet access, which enable them to capture the news instantly and disseminate it to the public online through different online platforms. A survey has been conducted on 350 Egyptians undergraduate and graduate students from different private and public universities in Cairo to examine the perceived credibility and the perceived professional roles of the citizen journalists’ content. However, it was found that the majority of Egyptian depends on Internet for information more than other mediums and they usually spend more than three hours online daily. The most of respondents seek citizen journalists’ content to gratify surveillance needs. The largest portion of the sample has a positive attitude toward citizen journalists’ content and they perceive it as significantly credible information. It was found that there are five major factors that affect the perceived credibility of citizen journalists’ content, which are age, gender of the respondents, the reliance on Internet of information, the pre-existing experience of producing online citizen-based news or content before, and seeking such content for surveillance. It was found also that the Egyptians are more likely to related citizen journalists with the mobilizer, civic, and adversary journalistic professional roles

Empowering Women Through Public Sector Employment in Qatar: Challenges and Opportunities

Integrating women into the workforce is considered as part of the economic progress formula and modernization process leading to women’s empowerment. While this process has been internally driven in Western societies, it is globally imposed through policy diffusion, raising challenges for policy-makers to adapt the prevailing models to local cultures. Given the dearth of empirical studies in the context of Arab Gulf countries, this chapter offers compelling insights and qualitative evidence of women’s employment in Qatar. It focuses on the public sector as it represents the main employer of women providing many benefits and opportunities while presenting some constraints and challenges. Using an integrative multi-level lens and a culturally sensitive approach results from 50 in-depth semi-structured interviews with civil servants are analyzed to identify factors affecting women’s economic empowerment. The findings highlight the complexity of determining specific factors and provide policy recommendations based on women’s opinions and conveyed voices

Fracture Resistance of computer aided endo-crowns versus conventional endo-supported computer aided full crowns

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the fracture resistance of computer aided endo-crowns versus conventional core-supported computer aided full crowns. Ninety human teeth were collected, 30 for each type (maxillary central incisors, maxillary 1st premolars and maxillary 1st molars). Specimens were divided into 3 groups (n=10) according to restoration used: 1) PC: Post-core and crown; 2) NC: Nayyar core and crown and 3) EC: Endo-crown. Each group was further subdivided into 3 subgroups according to the tooth used: I (Incisor), P (Premolar) and M (Molar). For group PC: Fiber post (Radix, Dentsply Maillefer) were cemented using resin cement (Calibra Dual Cure, Denstply Detrey GmbH). For group NC: 3 mm of gutta percha of every canal was removed. For groups PC and NC, after etching and bonding of root-face, transparent core former (Coltène/ Whaledent) was filled with SDR (Smart Dentine Replacement, Dentsply Detrey GmbH) and inverted onto root-face and cured. All specimens were individually scanned and thermocycled for 1000 cycles then submitted to compression test using universal testing machine (Instron 8874; Instron Corp.) Fracture was confirmed by sudden drop in load readings. Subgroup IPC scored the highest mean among group I and subgroup PNC scored the highest mean among group P. One-Way ANOVA detected significant differences among groups I and M with p\u3c 0.05 in I and M groups. Regarding P group, P-value was \u3e 0.05 indicating no significant differences among group. Endocrown showed the highest fracture resistance means in molars, while Nayyar core and crown showed the highest fracture resistance means in premolars. However, post-core and crown revealed the highest fracture resistance means in incisors

A Survey about Acquisition System Design for Myoelectric Prosthesis

According to the World Health Organization (WHO), 30 million people are in need of prosthetic and orthotic devices. Some people are born with this limb loss, while others lose limbs due to diseases such as Cancer, diabetes, and work accidents. Additionally, limb amputation is among the most severe and heavily reported injuries among veterans during war. The medical applications of integrated circuit technology have recently made significant advances, thus improving human quality of life. Moreover, the use of microelectronics integration dominates a lot of medical applications, especially portable and wearable battery-operated devices. Thus, the objective of this report is to provide the reader with the basic understanding of integrated solutions for controlling prosthetic limbs

Nano-scale TG-FinFET: Simulation and Analysis

Transistor has been designed and fabricated in the same way since its invention more than four decades ago enabling exponential shrinking in the channel length. However, hitting fundamental limits imposed the need for introducing disruptive technology to take over. FinFET - 3-D transistor - has been emerged as the first successor to MOSFET to continue the technology scaling roadmap. In this thesis, scaling of nano-meter FinFET has been investigated on both the device and circuit levels. The studies, primarily, consider FinFET in its tri-gate (TG) structure. On the device level, first, the main TCAD models used in simulating electron transport are benchmarked against the most accurate results on the semi-classical level using Monte Carlo techniques. Different models and modifications are investigated in a trial to extend one of the conventional models to the nano-scale simulations. Second, a numerical study for scaling TG-FinFET according to the most recent International Technology Roadmap of Semiconductors is carried out by means of quantum corrected 3-D Monte Carlo simulations in the ballistic and quasi-ballistic regimes, to assess its ultimate performance and scaling behavior for the next generations. Ballisticity ratio (BR) is extracted and discussed over different channel lengths. The electron velocity along the channel is analyzed showing the physical significance of the off-equilibrium transport with scaling the channel length. On the circuit level, first, the impact of FinFET scaling on basic circuit blocks is investigated based on the PTM models. 256-bit (6T) SRAM is evaluated for channel lengths of 20nm down to 7nm showing the scaling trends of basic performance metrics. In addition, the impact of VT variations on the delay, power, and stability is reported considering die-to-die variations. Second, we move to another peer-technology which is 28nm FD-SOI as a comparative study, keeping the SRAM cell as the test block, more advanced study is carried out considering the cell‘s stability and the evolution from dynamic to static metrics

ENHANCEMENT OF FILTRATE LOSS CONTROL USING SMART NANO-WBM TO MINIMIZA TIGHT SPOTS PROBLEMS IN WELLBORE

The objective of this project is to use a smart nano drilling fluid which is prepared using nano size bentonite clay which has an enhancement of its rheological properties of the mud especially quick plastering of the wall of the wellbore based on the efficient filtrate loss control into the high porous and high permeable formation. The appreciable enhancement in the filtrate loss control properties is expected by using thus smart nano drilling fluid as compared to the conventional water based mu

Accuracy and trueness of exporting computer aided designs of 3-unit fixed dental prosthesis by 3 CAD systems

Objectives: Computer-aided design (CAD) software programs offer the option to export 3D scans and designs across different CADCAM systems, commonly referred to as open CADCAM technology. However, there is insufficient evidence of whether this exporting procedure has an impact on the accuracy of digital designs.This study aimed to investigate the accuracy of exporting of computer aided designs (CAD) of three-unit fixed dental prosthesis using 3 CAD systems. Materials and Methods: Three CAD softwares (inLab 17™, CeraMill Mind™, Dental System 2017™) were used to generate designs of a three-unit fixed partial denture. The designs generated by each CAD software were exported as stl files to the other two CAD softwares. The exported designs were superimposed on the proprietary designs to evaluate the trueness of the exported designs. Results: The 3D analysis of the exported designs, revealed best trueness with Cerec inLab, followed by Dental System and then Ceramill Mind. The 2D analysis of the exported designs, revealed best trueness values with Dental System, Cerec inLab, then Ceramill Mind. There was however no statistically significant differences between the trueness of exported designs of the three CAD softwares. Conclusions: Exporting Computer aided designs of 3 unit FDP as stl files, designed using Cerec inLab, Dental System and Ceramill Mind did not effect its accuracy. There was no statistical significant difference between the proprietary designs and the exported designs on the three investigated CAD softwares. Clinical Significance : Exporting Computer aided designs of 3 unit fixed dental prosthesis as stl files is a reliable way of data transfer. The deviations due to exporting recorded are minute and statistically insignificant in the in vitro and virtual level of evaluating the accuracy of short span fixed dental prosthesis

EVALUATION OF AN EXPERIMENTAL SCREW-RETAINED RETRIEVABLE CROWN VERSUS CONVENTIONAL CROWN DESIGN

Statement of problem: Removing cemented crowns is usually a complicated procedure that may lead to irreversible damage to the tooth/crown and mostly necessitate remake of crown with added effort for both patient and clinician. Purpose: This in-vitro study evaluated an experimental two-component, screw-retained retrievable crown design in comparison to the conventional design. Materials and methods: A total of 120 extracted maxillary 2nd premolars received root canal treatment and were divided into two groups (n=60 each) according to the crown design they will receive. Gp CC received a threaded modified post, a composite core and a metal coping, while Gp RC received a two-component retrievable crown design. Fracture resistance was assessed by a 90 degrees vertical load to the center of the occlusal surface, using universal testing machine, under a constant crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min until failure. Microleakage was assessed by placing specimens in methylene blue dye for 12 hours, sectioning the teeth longitudinally, and then examining the sectioned samples under stereomicroscope. Retrievability testing was conducted by 5 prosthodontists who attempted to uncover and unscrew the posts. Data were statistically evaluated using computer software (SPSS version 17; SPSS Inc.). Results: No significant difference between the 2 designs tested regarding microleakage tests (P=.34) whereas the experimental design, was significantly more resistant to fracture and more retrievable than the conventional one (P\u3e.5). Conclusions: The proposed retrievable crown design showed promising results and may be considered as an option to substitute the conventional design. Further studies are needed to confirm that