The Seven Great Philanthropists in the view of Ki.Va. Jagannathan

Mannan is distinguished in war and valour. The king may be a Vendan, a petty king or a Philanthropist. Such persons are distinguished by their gifts rather than by war and valor. In this way people like Velbari, Began, Kari, Ai, Nalli, Atiyan, Ori etc. are mentioned. Ki.Va. Jagannathan has written a book called 'Eluperu Vallals' about these philanthropists. Awards and prizes are given from time to time by organizations such as the government to encourage creators. Especially nowadays, awards such as Sahitya Academy Award, Jnan Peetha Award, Tamil Nadu Government Award etc. are given. In this way in order to analyze the book 'Eluperu Vallals' among their various nationalized books, this review is based on the news about Kadayelu Vallals found in the Sangam literature. This article examines the status of creations and awards, nationalized books, works of Ki.Va. Jagannathan, Vallams and Kodaim, Velbari, Bagan, Bhakti, Kari, Ori, Ai, Nalli and Vallams

A study of cattle-lifting and it's modalities in Puranaanuru

Grammar or Grammatical syntax forms the crux of the language. Grammar is an essential one not only in Tamil but also for all the world languages. Tamil language is one of the oldest surviving languages in the world. Any language can be refined language provided that language will be spoken by a large group of people and also it should heaviest own literariness. Among the languages spoken in India Tamil, Telugu, Konda, Tulu and Coorg forms the Dravidian linguistic family group. They are identified as the refined languages from the Dravidian group. Both the language and the literatures contributes languages. There are lot of literary works and linguistic works and linguistic works are published during the various time periods. There are various literary works are published after the Publication of Tholkappiam. These literary marvels Portrays the lifestyle, culture, tradition and socioeconomic setup of the people. Those literary works distinguishes the lifestyle and social practices of that people as ‘Agam’ and ‘Puram. Though this we can easily identify that the people follow both ‘Agam’ and ‘Puram’ form of lifestyle. Events containing private affairs are confrains as ‘Agam and War, Valour, Pride and charity forms the ‘Puram’. Tamil Grammar is divided into Agapporul and Purapporul. Literary works based on Purapporal focused on the events based on outer lifestyle of the people. Purapporul can be identified as Seven and Twelve. Vetchithinai is defined as the capturing of cows and cattle breeds. The formation or the beginning of the Vetchithinai is because of the competition between the other two thinais like ‘Palai’ and ‘Mullai’. We can assumed that Vetchithinai is formed based on this competition. This research article clearly shows the difference between the Vetchithinai which is portrayed in Tholkappiam and the Vetchithinai which is portrayed in Purapporal Venbamalai and its developments in that thinai

TWO NEW SPECIES OF POACEAE FROM INDIA

Two new species of Poaceae namely, Erayrostis santapaui K. G. Bhat & C. R. Nagendran and Chrysopogon pseitdozeylanicus K. G. Bhat & C. R. Nagendran have been described from materials collected by the senior author from Coorg- and South Kanara Districts of Karnataka State, India

A study of clinical and echocardiographic profile in left bundle branch block patients

BACKGROUND: Left bundle branch block is an electrocardiographic diagnosis that is significantly associated with a higher than normal risk of morbidity and mortality. The risk is increased in all the patients with or without overt heart disease. Majority of the patients usually have antecedent hypertension, coronary artery disease or dilated non ischemic cardiomyopathy at the time of diagnosis of LBBB. It can also occur as an isolated abnormality in asymptomatic patients. However, even in isolated LBBB, they will eventually go on to develop one of these cardiovascular abnormalities which translate into a higher mortality. The major causes of death are due to myocardial infarction, heart failure, and arrhythmias including high-grade AV block. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: To study the clinical and echocardiographic profile in left bundle branch block patients in a tertiary care institute MATERIALS AND METHODS: About hundred patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were selected from the opd of internal medicine during a period of 6 months. A complete history was taken followed by a detailed physical and cardiovascular examination. The patients were then subjected to detailed Echocardiographic examination. OBSERVATION AND RESULTS: In our study, the most common presenting symptom was dyspnoea in 54 % and chest pain in 44%. 12 % of the patients were asymptomatic. 13% were known diabetic, 52 % hypertensive and 28 % had coronary artery disease. The most common finding in echocardiography was Left ventricular hypertrophy in 39 patients.26 of these patients had ischemic DCM with systolic dysfunction. 23 had non ischemic DCM. 2 patients had Rheumatic heart disease. 10 had normal Echocardiogram. Significant association was found between dyspnea, hypertension, CAD and DCM with a p value < 0.05. There is a significant association between Left ventricular hypertrophy and age, Diabetes, Hypertension and CAD. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of Left bundle branch block increases with increasing age. Majority of patients had antecedent cardiovascular disease at the time of diagnosis. Most common causes include hypertension and dilated cardiomyopathy. Even isolated LBBB ultimately lands in major cardiovascular disease. Most common presenting symptom is dyspnoea followed by chest pain. The most common finding in Echocardiogram is Left Ventricular Hypertrophy followed by Dilated Cardiomyopathy

Observations on the fecundity of the cyprinidRasbora daniconius (Hamilton)

The present paper reports the fecundity(F) ofRasbora daniconius in relation to the total body length (L), total body weight (W) and gonad weight (G) of the fish. Catch data indicated a predominance of females during the months of July–August which is the breeding season of this species. The collected fish in the length range of 7·7–11·7 cm bore a linear relationship with their weights. The fecundity of the fish ranged from 580 to 11040 eggs fish−1. Fecundity exhibited a linear relationship withL, G andW. By subjecting the data to multiple regression analyses, a new and convenient method of best predictions ofF inR. daniconius in relation toL alone has been developed

Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, linear dose, crossover study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a green coffee bean extract in overweight subjects

Abstract Backgroun

Postoperative outcome of ambulatory dogs with intervertebral disc extrusion causing incontinence and/or tail dysfunction:18 cases (2010-2020)

OBJECTIVES: To assess the recovery of urinary continence, faecal continence and tail function in ambulatory dogs with caudal lumbar intervertebral disc extrusion and to explore clinical factors that may be associated with recovery. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Medical records from January 2010 to December 2020 were searched to identify ambulatory dogs undergoing surgical treatment for a caudal lumbar intervertebral disc extrusion causing urinary incontinence, faecal incontinence and/or tail dysfunction. Signalment, history, presenting clinical signs, neurological examination findings, diagnostic test results, treatment and outcome were recorded for all dogs. RESULTS: Eighteen dogs with caudal lumbar intervertebral disc extrusion causing tail dysfunction, urinary and/or faecal incontinence were included. Urinary continence was recovered in 12 (86%) of 14 affected dogs, faecal continence recovered in nine (90%) of 10 affected dogs and tail function recovered in 13 (87%) of 15 affected dogs. Loss of tail nociception was recorded in three dogs on presentation; two made a full recovery and one showed mild persistent tail paresis. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: The prognosis for functional recovery of urinary continence, faecal continence and tail function in ambulatory dogs with caudal lumbar intervertebral disc extrusion following surgical treatment is good. Larger studies are needed to identify prognostic factors associated with failure of recovery

Gaps in patient reported outcome measures in randomised clinical trials of cardiac catheter ablation: a systematic review

Aims: To systematically evaluate randomised clinical trials of cardiac catheter ablation and to assess the prevalence, characteristics and reporting standards of clinically relevant patient reported outcome measures (PROMs). / Methods and Results: Electronic database searches of Medline, Embase, CENTRAL and the WHO Trial Registry were conducted in March 2019. The study protocol was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42019133086). Of 7,125 records identified, 237 RCTs were included for analysis, representing 35,427 patients with a mean age of 59 years. Only 43 RCTs (18%) reported PROMs of which 27 included a generic PROM that measured health-related quality of life (HRQL) necessary to conduct comparative effectiveness research. There was notable under-representation of certain patient groups - only 31% were women and only 8% were of non-Caucasian ethnicity, in trials which reported such data. The reporting standard of PROMs was highly variable with 8-62% adherence against CONSORT PRO specific items. / Conclusion: PROMs play a crucial role in determining the clinical and cost effectiveness of treatments which primarily offer symptomatic improvement, such as cardiac catheter ablation (CCA). Their underuse significantly limits evaluation of the comparative effectiveness of treatments. Using CCA as an exemplar, there are additional issues of infrequent assessment, poor reporting and under-representation of many population groups. Greater use of PROMs, and specifically validated HRQL questionnaires, is paramount in giving patients a voice in studies, generating more meaningful comparisons between treatments and driving better patient-centred clinical and policy-level decision making

EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATIONS OF A SOLAR PARABOLIC TROUGH COLLECTOR FOR CIRCULAR AND ELLIPTICAL ABSORBER

             Solar parabolic trough collector is one of the most efficient and an effective technology to deal with environmental pollution and it has gained much attention due to the recent energy demand. The solar parabolic trough collector is one of the most promising techniques for absorbing the heat from the sun. This heat is utilized for electricity generation and other industrial heating applications. This paper describes the theoretical and experimental assessment of performance of the circular and elliptical absorbers used in solar parabolic trough collector. The absorber tube of parabolic trough collector is used to transfer the heat to the working fluid. The working fluid considered over here is water which is the best operating medium in direct steam generation. The mass flow rate of water in absorber tube is analyzed in 3 stages as 0.016, 0.024 and 0.030 kg/s respectively. The experimental test is done in Chennai-Tamilnadu, Southern part of India which experiences a superior temperature throughout the year. The experiment is conducted for the period of one year from June 2015 to May 2016. The performance improvement focuses on collector efficiency, useful heat transfer rate, outlet temperature of working fluid, temperature gradient, overall heat transfer rate and the thermal losses

Financial performance of English NHS trusts and variation in clinical outcomes: a longitudinal observational study

OBJECTIVES: To examine the association between financial performance as measured by operating margin (surplus/deficit as a proportion of turnover) and clinical outcomes in English National Health Service (NHS) trusts. SETTING: Longitudinal, observational study in 149 acute NHS trusts in England between the financial years 2011 and 2016. PARTICIPANTS: Our analysis focused on outcomes at individual NHS Trust-level (composed of one or more acute hospitals). PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOMES: Outcome measures included readmissions, inpatient satisfaction score and the following process measures: emergency department (Accident and Emergency (A&E)) waiting time targets, cancer referral and treatment targets and delayed transfers of care (DTOCs). RESULTS: There was a progressive increase in the proportion of trusts in financial deficit: 22% in 2011, 27% in 2012, 28% in 2013, 51% in 2014, 68% in 2015 and 91% in 2016. In linear regression analyses, there was no significant association between operating margin and clinical outcomes (readmission rate or inpatient satisfaction score). There was, however, a significant association between operating margin and process measures (DTOCs, A&E breaches and cancer waiting time targets). Between the best and worst financially performing Trusts, there was an approximately 2-fold increase in A&E breaches and DTOCs overall although this variation decreased over the 6 years. Between the best and worst performing trusts on cancer targets, the magnitude of difference was smaller (1.16 and 1.15-fold), although the variation slowly rose during the 6 years. CONCLUSIONS: Operating margins in English NHS trusts progressively worsened during 2011-2016, and this change was associated with poorer performance on several process measures but not with hospital readmissions or inpatient satisfaction. Significant variation exists between the best and worst financially performing Trusts. Further research is needed to examine the causal nature of relationships between financial performance, process measures and outcomes