40,109 research outputs found
Irradiation Tests and Expected Performance of Readout Electronics of the ATLAS Hadronic Endcap Calorimeter for the HL-LHC
The readout electronics of the ATLAS Hadronic Endcap Calorimeter (HEC) will
have to withstand an about 3-5 times larger radiation environment at the future
high-luminosity LHC (HLLHC) compared to their design values. The preamplifier
and summing boards (PSBs), which are equipped with GaAs ASICs and comprise the
heart of the readout electronics, were irradiated with neutrons and protons
with fluences surpassing several times ten years of operation of the HL-LHC.
Neutron tests were performed at the NPI in Rez, Czech Republic, where a 36 MeV
proton beam was directed on a thick heavy water target to produce neutrons. The
proton irradiation was done with 200 MeV protons at the PROSCAN area of the
Proton Irradiation Facility at the PSI in Villigen, Switzerland. In-situ
measurements of S-parameters in both tests allow the evaluation of frequency
dependent performance parameters, like gain and input impedance, as a function
of fluence. The linearity of the ASIC response was measured directly in the
neutron tests with a triangular input pulse of varying amplitude. The results
obtained allow an estimation of the expected performance degradation of the
HEC. For a possible replacement of the PSB chips, alternative technologies were
investigated and exposed to similar neutron radiation levels. In particular,
IHP 250 nm Si CMOS technology has turned out to show good performance and match
the specifications required. The performance measurements of the current PSB
devices, the expected performance degradations under HL-LHC conditions, and
results from alternative technologies will be presented.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures, CHEF2013 Conference Proceedings. arXiv admin
note: text overlap with arXiv:1301.375
Liaison classes of modules
We propose a concept of module liaison that extends Gorenstein liaison of
ideals and provides an equivalence relation among unmixed modules over a
commutative Gorenstein ring. Analyzing the resulting equivalence classes we
show that several results known for Gorenstein liaison are still true in the
more general case of module liaison. In particular, we construct two maps from
the set of even liaison classes of modules of fixed codimension into stable
equivalence classes of certain reflexive modules. As a consequence, we show
that the intermediate cohomology modules and properties like being perfect,
Cohen-Macaulay, Buchsbaum, or surjective-Buchsbaum are preserved in even module
liaison classes. Furthermore, we prove that the module liaison class of a
complete intersection of codimension one consists of precisely all perfect
modules of codimension one
Fast Low Fidelity Microsimulation of Vehicle Traffic on Supercomputers
A set of very simple rules for driving behavior used to simulate roadway
traffic gives realistic results. Because of its simplicity, it is easy to
implement the model on supercomputers (vectorizing and parallel), where we have
achieved real time limits of more than 4~million~kilometers (or more than
53~million vehicle sec/sec). The model can be used for applications where both
high simulation speed and individual vehicle resolution are needed. We use the
model for extended statistical analysis to gain insight into traffic phenomena
near capacity, and we discuss that this model is a good candidate for network
routing applications. (Submitted to Transportation Research Board Meeting, Jan.
1994, Washington D.C.)Comment: 11 pages, latex, figs. available upon request, Cologne-WP 93.14
Neutron and proton tests of different technologies for the upgrade of the cold readout electronics of the ATLAS Hadronic End-cap Calorimeter
The expected increase of total integrated luminosity by a factor ten at the
HL-LHC compared to the design goals for LHC essentially eliminates the safety
factor for radiation hardness realized at the current cold amplifiers of the
ATLAS Hadronic End-cap Calorimeter (HEC). New more radiation hard technologies
have been studied: SiGe bipolar, Si CMOS FET and GaAs FET transistors have been
irradiated with neutrons up to an integrated fluence of 2.2 x 10^{16} n/cm^2
and with 200 MeV protons up to an integrated fluence of 2.6 x 10^{14} p/cm^2.
Comparisons of transistor parameters such as the gain for both types of
irradiations are presented.Comment: 6 pages, CALOR2012 Conference Proceeding
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