Superconducting fluctuations in FeSe0.5_{0.5}Te0.5_{0.5} thin films probed via microwave spectroscopy

We investigated the microwave conductivity spectrum of FeSe$_{0.5}$Te$_{0.5}$ epitaxial films on CaF$_2$ in the vicinity of the superconducting transition. We observed the critical behavior of the superconducting fluctuations in these films with a dimensional crossover from two-dimensional to three-dimensional as the film thickness increased. From the temperature dependence of the scaling parameters we conclude that the universality class of the superconducting transition in FeSe$_{0.5}$Te$_{0.5}$ is that of the 3D-XY model. The lower limit of the onset temperature of the superconducting fluctuations, Tonset, determined by our measurements was 1.1 Tc, suggesting that the superconducting fluctuations of FeSe$_{0.5}$Te$_{0.5}$ are at least as large as those of optimally- and over-doped cuprates

Age and sex differences in controlled force exertion measured by a computing bar chart target-pursuit system

金沢大学人間社会研究域人間科学系京都薬科大学 基礎科学系 健康科学分野This study aimed to examine the age and sex differences in controlled force exertion measured by the bar chart display in 207 males (age 42.1 ± 19.8 years) and 249 females (age 41.7 ± 19.1 years) aged 15 to 86 years. The subjects matched their submaximal grip strength to changing demand values, which appeared as a moving bar chart on the display of a personal computer. The subjects performed the controlled force exertion test using the dominant hand three times with 1-min intervals (one trial was 40 sec) after one practice trial. A total of the differences between the demand value and the grip exertion value for 25 sec was used as the evaluation parameter. The errors in controlled force exertion showed a right-skewed distribution in both sexes but showed a normal distribution after logarithmic transformation (males, W =.06; females, W =.74; p >.05). In addition, the errors in controlled force exertion tended to increase constantly with age in both sexes. Significant linear regressions were identified (r2males =.88, r2females =.81), but there was no significant difference in the increase rate of both sexes. The results of the analysis of variance and multiple comparisons showed insignificant sex differences among means, except for those in individuals older than 70 years; significant differences between means in the older than 40-year-old age group and the 20-year-old age group were found in both sexes. Individual differences were almost the same in both sexes (CVmales = 20.0∼34.8, CVfemales = 17.7∼36.2). Errors in controlled force exertion showed a nonsignificant sex difference and increased gradually with age in both sexes but increased remarkably with age after 40 years of age. Copyright © Taylor & Francis Group, LLC

Provisional norm and age group differences of controlled force exertion measurements by a computing sinusoidal target-pursuit system in Japanese male adults

This study aimed to examine age group and individual differences of the controlled force exertion test by sinusoidal waveforms and to propose a provisional norm in 207 male adults who were right-handed and aged 15 to 86 years (mean = 42.1±19.8 yrs). The subjects matched their submaximal grip strength to changing demand values, appearing with a sinusoidal waveform on the display of a personal computer. The subjects performed the controlled force exertion test three times with 1-min intervals (one trial lasted 40 s), after one practice trial using the dominant hand. A total of the differences between the demand value and the grip exertion value for 25 s was used as an evaluation parameter. The measurements showed a right-skewed distribution without a normal distribution. They showed a normal distribution after logarithmic transformation (W=0.09, p>0.05). The result of the analysis of variance showed significant differences in the means of each age group (F=16.43, p<0.05), and test performance tended to decrease after 50 years of age. Considering the above-stated age group difference, the norm of each age group was established. The controlled force exertion value by the sinusoidal waveform decreases markedly after 50 years of age. An individual’s controlled force exertion for the devised provisional norm was evaluated in this study

Age and individual differences in controlled force exertion measured by a computer-generated sinusoidal and quasi-random display

金沢大学人間社会研究域人間科学系This study examined age group and individual differences in controlled force exertion by emulating sinusoidal and quasi-random waveforms in 222 right-handed female adults aged 20 to 86 years. The subjects matched their submaximal grip strength by the dominant hand to changing demand values displayed as either a sinusoidal or a quasi-random waveform appearing on the display of a personal computer. A total of the differences between the demanded value and grip exertion value for 25 seconds was used as an evaluation parameter. The measurements showed a tendency to increase across the age groups in both waveforms. Significant second-order curve regressions were identified, but there was no significant difference in the increase rates of both waveforms. Analysis of variance showed non-significant differences among means of both waveforms in all age groups, and the differences between means in groups of participants over 50 and 20- to 24-year-olds increased in both waveforms. Individual differences were almost the same in both waveforms. © Taylor & Francis Group, LLC

Age differences between the controlled force exertion measured by a computer-generated sinusoidal and a bar chart display

It is important to develop an accurate method of measuring controlled force exertion. This study examined the age differences between the controlled force exertion measured by a sinusoidal waveform and a bar chart display. The participants comprised 175 right-handed male adults aged 20-86 years. The participants were divided into three age groups: young (n=53), middle-aged (n=71), and elderly (n=51). They matched the submaximal grip strength exerted by their dominant hand to changing demand values displayed as either a sinusoidal waveform or a bar chart appearing on a personal computer screen. The participants performed the controlled force exertion test three times with a 1-min inter-trial interval using their dominant hand. The dependent variable was the total sum of the percentage values of the differences between the demand value and grip exertion value for more than 25s. The coefficient of variance had almost the same range in all age groups in both displays (CVSW=28.0-36.9, CVBC=29.1-32.6), but the elderly group showed a somewhat higher value with the sinusoidal waveform. Significant correlations were found between the scores with sinusoidal waveform and bar chart displays in the young, middle-aged, and elderly groups (r=0.47-0.68), but the correlations did not differ significantly between the age groups. Scores over 1500% in sinusoidal and bar chart display were found in one and two participants, respectively, in the middle-aged group and in 12% and 16% of the participants, respectively, in the elderly group. Furthermore, among all participants, only 8% of participants in the elderly group scored over 1500% in both displays. Scores over 1500% in both displays are considered to be considerably worse in controlled force exertion than lower scores. © 2013 Elsevier Ireland Ltd

Provisional norms by age group for Japanese males on the controlled force exertion test using a quasi-random display

金沢大学人間社会研究域人間科学系Objectives: This study aimed to examine age group and individual differences in the controlled force exertion test by quasi-random display and to propose a provisional norm in 207 males who were right-handed and aged 15-86 years. Methods: The subjects matched exertion values of their submaximal grip strength to changing demand values, appearing as a quasi-random wave on the display of a personal computer. The quasi-random waveform was changed in π with amplitude and in π/2 with frequency (peak and mean frequency were 0.1 Hz in both waveforms). The subjects performed the controlled force exertion test three times at 1-min intervals (single trials were 40 s) after one practice trial using the dominant hand. The total of the differences (%) between the demand value and the grip exertion value for 25 s was used as an evaluation parameter. Results: The measurements showed a right-skewed distribution, which was normal after logarithmic transformation. Analysis of variance showed significant differences among means of each age group and test performance decreased after 40 years of age. Norms for each age group were established. Conclusions: An individual\u27s controlled force exertion by the provisional norm devised in this study can be properly evaluated. © 2009 Springer-Verlag Italia

中・高年者における筋力発揮調整能に関する研究 : 要求値に対する最大下の握力発揮追従能力からの検討

取得学位：博士(学術)，学位授与番号：博甲第685号，学位授与年月日：平成16年9月30日,学位授与年：200

Examination of validity of fall risk assessment items for screening high fall risk elderly among the healthy community-dwelling Japanese population

We aimed to examine the validity of fall risk assessment items for the healthy community-dwelling elderly Japanese population. Participants were 1122 healthy elderly individuals aged 60 years and over(380malesand742females). The percentage who had experienced a fall was 15.8%. This study used fall experience and 50 fall risk assessment items representing the five risk factors(symptoms of falling, physical function, disease and physical symptom, environment, and behavior andcharacter), as we described before. The accuracy of predicting fall experience from the total score or each risk factor score was examined by discriminant analysis. The percentage correctly distinguishing the faller from the total score was 14.4%, and that from the five risk factor scores was 39.7%. This percentage, when using each risk factor score as an independent variable, was 42.5%(symptom of falling),0.6%(physical function score), 0.6%(disease and physical symptoms score), 0.0%(environment score),and 1.1%(behavior and character score), respectively. The best predictor of fall experience of the community-dwelling elderly was the ‘‘symptomoffalling’’ score. For fall risk assessment of the community-dwelling elderly, both of screening of fall risk level and assessing risk profile comprehensively is important

Accuracy of deep learning, a machine learning technology, using ultra-wide-field fundus ophthalmoscopy for detecting idiopathic macular holes

We aimed to investigate the detection of idiopathic macular holes (MHs) using ultra-wide-field fundus images (Optos) with deep learning, which is a machine learning technology. The study included 910 Optos color images (715 normal images, 195 MH images). Of these 910 images, 637 were learning images (501 normal images, 136 MH images) and 273 were test images (214 normal images and 59 MH images). We conducted training with a deep convolutional neural network (CNN) using the images and constructed a deep-learning model. The CNN exhibited high sensitivity of 100% (95% confidence interval CI [93.5–100%]) and high specificity of 99.5% (95% CI [97.1–99.9%]). The area under the curve was 0.9993 (95% CI [0.9993–0.9994]). Our findings suggest that MHs could be diagnosed using an approach involving wide angle camera images and deep learning