Permian Palynoflora from Lower Gondwana Sediments of Godavari Valley Coalfield, Andhra Pradesh, South India

Palynological investigation of Lower Gondwana sediments of Goutham Khani Open Cast Mine (GKOCM) from Kothagudem sub basin of Godavari Valley Coalfield, Andhra Pradesh of Peninsular India have revealed two palynoassemblages are related to Early Permian (Barakar Formation). Palynoassemblage – A abundantly occurrence of Scheuringipollenites along with other common taxa like Parasaccites, Ibisporites, Primuspollenites, Sulcatisporites, Rhizomaspora, Densipollenites and Corisaccites and Palynoassemblage – B dominated by Scheuringipollenites along with sub dominance of Faunipollenites, Striatopodocarpites, Parasaccites, Striatites, Tiwariasporis, Rhizomaspora, Verticipollenites, Platysaccus, Primuspollenites, Lunatisporites, Latosporites, Ibisporites and Distriatites. The above demarcated palynoassemblages are applied to correlate with other horizons of Lower Gondwana deposits of India and also to fix the relative age for the sediments under investigation. Key words? Permian Age, Lower Gondwana, Palynoassemblage, Godavari Valley Coalfield, Sothern India

Palynodating of Talchir Palynoflora from lower Gondwana sediments of Godavari Valley Coalfield, South India

Palynological investigation in the sub surface of bore core SSP – 304 from Sattupalli area, Chintalpudi sub basin, Godavari Valley Coalfield, Andhra Pradesh have revealed palynoassemblage belongs to Early Permian (Talchir) palynoflora. The present Lower Gondwana Palynoassemblage characterized by dominance of Parasaccites – Plicatipollenites along with non striate disaccates Scheuringipollenites, Ibisporites, Sulcatisporites and other taxa like, Corisaccites, Faunipollenites, Horriditriletes, Tiwariasporis and Virkkipollenites

Study on tearing strength of woven sisal fabrics for tents and polymer composite applications

The use of plant fibers as a reinforcement in composites has increased daily owing to their favorable environmental considerations. Fabric properties play a significant role in alignment during composites processing, enhancing the composite properties. However, the fabric structures are formed by warp and weft yarns. These yarns are subjected to axial and shear loads, respectively. However, very limited work has been carried out on the study involving the tearing strength of the fabric. So it is necessary to study the effect of the tearing load of fabrics before converting them into composites. This paper focuses on the tearing strength of the sisal woven fabrics in both warp and weft directions. Two plain and one weftrib fabrics are prepared using sisal fibers, and their physical properties were characterized as per textile testing standards. Tear strength has been determined by Elmendorf Tear and Single Rip Tear Method by varying crosshead speeds. The result shows that woven patterns and number yarns significantly impact tearing strength. In the case of the weft rib pattern, the warp direction exhibits the highest tearing strength compared to the weft direction. Also, in the case of weftrib fabrics, the weft direction indicates better-tearing strength than another woven pattern