Исследование антимикробных эффектов фитотерапии при лечении пиелонефрита у детей

Background. Improvement of treatment methods and relapse prevention of pyelonephritis in children is relevant to pediatrics. The study of the antibacterial possibilities of herbal medicines (HM) provoke great interest for researches . The aim of the survey was to investigate the antimicrobial properties of combined phytotherapy in vitro. Methods. Two microbiological researches were performed in vitro. One of them was conducted using the microtechnique for serial dilution-antibiotic sensitivity testing of 62 cultures (genera Escherichia, Klebsiella, Proteus and Pseudomonas, Staphylococcus, Streptococcus) isolated in significantly diagnostic concentration from the urine of children in the acute phase of pyelonephritis. The antibacterial effect of RLP was detected using the microtechnique for serial dilution. To exclude the antibacterial effect of the alcohol present in the phytopreparations, a number of analogous dilutions were placed in 19.5% solution of ethyl alcohol. At the same time, the sterility of the reaction components was monitored. The second research studied the concentration changes of the microbial suspension of Escherichia coli isolated from the urine of children before the treatment onset with incubation of different concentrations of phytopreparations and at a different exposure periods. Results. Studies on the antimicrobial activity of HM in vitro demonstrated the antimicrobial effect of HM on 58% of the examined cultures. The highest drug sensitivity was revealed in the genera Klebsiella (80%), Staphylococcus (77%), and E. coli (51.5%). Studies on the concentration changes of microbial suspension of E. coli detected 100% activity of undiluted HM at a 24-hour exposure period (sample D). A significant decrease in the pathogen growth was also obtained with HM with the dilution ratio 1:1 at a 24-hour exposure period. Conclusion. The microbiological analyses demonstrated and confirmed the antibacterial characteristics of HM. Обоснование. Совершенствование методов лечения и профилактики рецидивов пиелонефрита у детей является актуальной задачей педиатрии. Особый интерес вызывает изучение антибактериальных возможностей растительных лекарственных препаратов (РЛП). Цель исследования — изучение антимикробных свойств комбинированной фитотерапии in vitro. Методы. In vitro было выполнено два микробиологических исследования. Одно из них проведено микрометодом тестирования серийных разведений 62 урокультур, относящихся к родам Escherichia, Klebsiella, Proteus и Pseudomonas, Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, изолированных из мочи детей в острой фазе пиелонефрита в диагностически значимой концентрации. Антибактериальное действие РЛП определяли микрометодом серийных разведений. Для исключения антибактериального действия присутствующего в фитопрепарате спирта ставили ряд аналогичных разведений с 19,5% раствором этилового спирта. Одновременно проводили контроль стерильности компонентов реакции. Во втором исследовании было изучено изменение концентрации микробной суспензии Escherichia coli, выделенной также до начала лечения из мочи детей, при инкубации вместе с различными концентрациями фитопрепарата и разной длительности экспозиции. Результаты. Исследования антимикробной активности РЛП in vitro показали антимикробный эффект РЛП в отношении 58% исследуемых урокультур. Наибольшая чувствительность к препарату выявлена у родов Klebsiella (80%), Staphylococcus (77%) и E. coli (51,5%). Исследования изменений концентрации микробной суспензии E. coli показали 100% активность неразведенного РЛП при 24-часовой экспозиции (проба D). Достоверное снижение роста возбудителя получено и при 24-часовой экспозиции с РЛП в его разведении 1:1. Заключение. Микробиологические исследования продемонстрировали и подтвердили антибактериальные свойства РЛП. 

Study on Antimicrobial Effects of Phytotherapy in the Treatment of Children with Pyelonephritis

Background. Improvement of treatment methods and relapse prevention of pyelonephritis in children is relevant to pediatrics. The study of the antibacterial possibilities of herbal medicines (HM) provoke great interest for researches . The aim of the survey was to investigate the antimicrobial properties of combined phytotherapy in vitro. Methods. Two microbiological researches were performed in vitro. One of them was conducted using the microtechnique for serial dilution-antibiotic sensitivity testing of 62 cultures (genera Escherichia, Klebsiella, Proteus and Pseudomonas, Staphylococcus, Streptococcus) isolated in significantly diagnostic concentration from the urine of children in the acute phase of pyelonephritis. The antibacterial effect of RLP was detected using the microtechnique for serial dilution. To exclude the antibacterial effect of the alcohol present in the phytopreparations, a number of analogous dilutions were placed in 19.5% solution of ethyl alcohol. At the same time, the sterility of the reaction components was monitored. The second research studied the concentration changes of the microbial suspension of Escherichia coli isolated from the urine of children before the treatment onset with incubation of different concentrations of phytopreparations and at a different exposure periods. Results. Studies on the antimicrobial activity of HM in vitro demonstrated the antimicrobial effect of HM on 58% of the examined cultures. The highest drug sensitivity was revealed in the genera Klebsiella (80%), Staphylococcus (77%), and E. coli (51.5%). Studies on the concentration changes of microbial suspension of E. coli detected 100% activity of undiluted HM at a 24-hour exposure period (sample D). A significant decrease in the pathogen growth was also obtained with HM with the dilution ratio 1:1 at a 24-hour exposure period. Conclusion. The microbiological analyses demonstrated and confirmed the antibacterial characteristics of HM

A Purine Nucleotide Biosynthesis Enzyme Guanosine Monophosphate Reductase Is a Suppressor of Melanoma Invasion

Melanoma is one of the most aggressive types of human cancers, and the mechanisms underlying melanoma invasive phenotype are not completely understood. Here, we report that expression of guanosine monophosphate reductase (GMPR), an enzyme involved in de novo biosynthesis of purine nucleotides, was downregulated in the invasive stages of human melanoma. Loss- and gain-of-function experiments revealed that GMPR downregulates the amounts of several GTP-bound (active) Rho-GTPases and suppresses the ability of melanoma cells to form invadopodia, degrade extracellular matrix, invade in vitro, and grow as tumor xenografts in vivo. Mechanistically, we demonstrated that GMPR partially depletes intracellular GTP pools. Pharmacological inhibition of de novo GTP biosynthesis suppressed whereas addition of exogenous guanosine increased invasion of melanoma cells as well as cells from other cancer types. Our data identify GMPR as a melanoma invasion suppressor and establish a link between guanosine metabolism and Rho-GTPase-dependent melanoma cell invasion