Image1_Tilapia lake virus: A structured phylogenetic approach.pdf

Tilapia Lake Virus (TiLV), also known as Tilapia tilapinevirus, is an emerging pathogen affecting both wild and farmed tilapia (Oreochromis spp.), which is considered one of the most important fish species for human consumption. Since its first report in Israel in 2014, Tilapia Lake Virus has spread globally causing mortality rates up to 90%. Despite the huge socio-economic impact of this viral species, to date the scarce availability of Tilapia Lake Virus complete genomes is severely affecting the knowledge on the origin, evolution and epidemiology of this virus. Herein, along with the identification, isolation and complete genome sequencing of two Israeli Tilapia Lake Virus deriving from outbreaks occurred in tilapia farms in Israel in 2018, we performed a bioinformatics multifactorial approach aiming to characterize each genetic segment before carrying out phylogenetic analysis. Results highlighted the suitability of using the concatenated ORFs 1, 3, and 5 in order to obtain the most reliable, fixed and fully supported tree topology. Finally, we also attempted to investigate the presence of potential reassortment events in all the studied isolates. As a result, we report a reassortment event detected in segment 3 of isolate TiLV/Israel/939-9/2018 involved in the present study, and confirmed almost all the other events previously reported.</p

Image2_Tilapia lake virus: A structured phylogenetic approach.pdf

Tilapia Lake Virus (TiLV), also known as Tilapia tilapinevirus, is an emerging pathogen affecting both wild and farmed tilapia (Oreochromis spp.), which is considered one of the most important fish species for human consumption. Since its first report in Israel in 2014, Tilapia Lake Virus has spread globally causing mortality rates up to 90%. Despite the huge socio-economic impact of this viral species, to date the scarce availability of Tilapia Lake Virus complete genomes is severely affecting the knowledge on the origin, evolution and epidemiology of this virus. Herein, along with the identification, isolation and complete genome sequencing of two Israeli Tilapia Lake Virus deriving from outbreaks occurred in tilapia farms in Israel in 2018, we performed a bioinformatics multifactorial approach aiming to characterize each genetic segment before carrying out phylogenetic analysis. Results highlighted the suitability of using the concatenated ORFs 1, 3, and 5 in order to obtain the most reliable, fixed and fully supported tree topology. Finally, we also attempted to investigate the presence of potential reassortment events in all the studied isolates. As a result, we report a reassortment event detected in segment 3 of isolate TiLV/Israel/939-9/2018 involved in the present study, and confirmed almost all the other events previously reported.</p

Image3_Tilapia lake virus: A structured phylogenetic approach.pdf

Tilapia Lake Virus (TiLV), also known as Tilapia tilapinevirus, is an emerging pathogen affecting both wild and farmed tilapia (Oreochromis spp.), which is considered one of the most important fish species for human consumption. Since its first report in Israel in 2014, Tilapia Lake Virus has spread globally causing mortality rates up to 90%. Despite the huge socio-economic impact of this viral species, to date the scarce availability of Tilapia Lake Virus complete genomes is severely affecting the knowledge on the origin, evolution and epidemiology of this virus. Herein, along with the identification, isolation and complete genome sequencing of two Israeli Tilapia Lake Virus deriving from outbreaks occurred in tilapia farms in Israel in 2018, we performed a bioinformatics multifactorial approach aiming to characterize each genetic segment before carrying out phylogenetic analysis. Results highlighted the suitability of using the concatenated ORFs 1, 3, and 5 in order to obtain the most reliable, fixed and fully supported tree topology. Finally, we also attempted to investigate the presence of potential reassortment events in all the studied isolates. As a result, we report a reassortment event detected in segment 3 of isolate TiLV/Israel/939-9/2018 involved in the present study, and confirmed almost all the other events previously reported.</p

Table1_Tilapia lake virus: A structured phylogenetic approach.DOCX

Tilapia Lake Virus (TiLV), also known as Tilapia tilapinevirus, is an emerging pathogen affecting both wild and farmed tilapia (Oreochromis spp.), which is considered one of the most important fish species for human consumption. Since its first report in Israel in 2014, Tilapia Lake Virus has spread globally causing mortality rates up to 90%. Despite the huge socio-economic impact of this viral species, to date the scarce availability of Tilapia Lake Virus complete genomes is severely affecting the knowledge on the origin, evolution and epidemiology of this virus. Herein, along with the identification, isolation and complete genome sequencing of two Israeli Tilapia Lake Virus deriving from outbreaks occurred in tilapia farms in Israel in 2018, we performed a bioinformatics multifactorial approach aiming to characterize each genetic segment before carrying out phylogenetic analysis. Results highlighted the suitability of using the concatenated ORFs 1, 3, and 5 in order to obtain the most reliable, fixed and fully supported tree topology. Finally, we also attempted to investigate the presence of potential reassortment events in all the studied isolates. As a result, we report a reassortment event detected in segment 3 of isolate TiLV/Israel/939-9/2018 involved in the present study, and confirmed almost all the other events previously reported.</p

Image4_Tilapia lake virus: A structured phylogenetic approach.pdf

Tilapia Lake Virus (TiLV), also known as Tilapia tilapinevirus, is an emerging pathogen affecting both wild and farmed tilapia (Oreochromis spp.), which is considered one of the most important fish species for human consumption. Since its first report in Israel in 2014, Tilapia Lake Virus has spread globally causing mortality rates up to 90%. Despite the huge socio-economic impact of this viral species, to date the scarce availability of Tilapia Lake Virus complete genomes is severely affecting the knowledge on the origin, evolution and epidemiology of this virus. Herein, along with the identification, isolation and complete genome sequencing of two Israeli Tilapia Lake Virus deriving from outbreaks occurred in tilapia farms in Israel in 2018, we performed a bioinformatics multifactorial approach aiming to characterize each genetic segment before carrying out phylogenetic analysis. Results highlighted the suitability of using the concatenated ORFs 1, 3, and 5 in order to obtain the most reliable, fixed and fully supported tree topology. Finally, we also attempted to investigate the presence of potential reassortment events in all the studied isolates. As a result, we report a reassortment event detected in segment 3 of isolate TiLV/Israel/939-9/2018 involved in the present study, and confirmed almost all the other events previously reported.</p

Table1_Tilapia lake virus: A structured phylogenetic approach.pdf

Tilapia Lake Virus (TiLV), also known as Tilapia tilapinevirus, is an emerging pathogen affecting both wild and farmed tilapia (Oreochromis spp.), which is considered one of the most important fish species for human consumption. Since its first report in Israel in 2014, Tilapia Lake Virus has spread globally causing mortality rates up to 90%. Despite the huge socio-economic impact of this viral species, to date the scarce availability of Tilapia Lake Virus complete genomes is severely affecting the knowledge on the origin, evolution and epidemiology of this virus. Herein, along with the identification, isolation and complete genome sequencing of two Israeli Tilapia Lake Virus deriving from outbreaks occurred in tilapia farms in Israel in 2018, we performed a bioinformatics multifactorial approach aiming to characterize each genetic segment before carrying out phylogenetic analysis. Results highlighted the suitability of using the concatenated ORFs 1, 3, and 5 in order to obtain the most reliable, fixed and fully supported tree topology. Finally, we also attempted to investigate the presence of potential reassortment events in all the studied isolates. As a result, we report a reassortment event detected in segment 3 of isolate TiLV/Israel/939-9/2018 involved in the present study, and confirmed almost all the other events previously reported.</p

DataSheet_1_An insight into gill microbiome of Eastern Mediterranean wild fish by applying next generation sequencing.pdf

Bacterial diseases of marine fish inflict significant economic damage to fisheries and aquaculture and pose an increasing risk to public health. When addressing fish disease, an accumulating body of research suggests adding another factor to the classic epidemiological triangle of host-environment-pathogen: the microbiome. The gills, being a gateway into the fish body and bearing an important role in fish homeostasis, have been found to be a proxy of the gut microbiota as well as reflecting the microbial communities of surrounding water. In this study, 16S rRNA amplicons of bacterial DNA extracted from the gills of 89 asymptomatic specimens of three wild fish species (Pagrus caeruleostictus, Scomber colias and Saurida lessepsianus) were sequenced using Next Generation Sequencing methodology (NGS). Data analyses revealed the presence of 41 potentially pathogenic species, including several zoonotic agents. Five genera known to include widespread and potentially pathogenic species were chosen for further investigation: Photobacterium, Shewanella, Staphylococcus, Streptococcus and Vibrio. Of these, Photobacterium and Shewanella proved the most prevalent and abundant, making up 30.2% and 11.3% of the Bluespotted seabream (P. caeruleostictus) gill microbiome alone. Photobacterium damselae and Shewanella baltica were most common at the species level. The remaining genera - Vibrio, Staphylococcus and Streptococcus – were less prevalent, and at a species level were comprised of only 1−4% potentially pathogenic representatives. Gill microbiomes exhibited host species specificity, with strong correlations between certain bacterial taxonomic groups. No definite obligatory pathogenic bacteria were found in this study, and it was suggested that pathogenic species are present as either covert pathobionts or as opportunists of the fish found to host them.</p