Yarn hairiness – Theory about total number of fibre hair

Yarn hairiness is determined using projection of hairs perpendicular to the yarn axis. Measurement is done using photo cell which receives light from a small area above the yarn surface. The hairs that project beyond the specific adjusted distance – which is generally 3mm – intercept the beam of light that falls on the photo cell, causing photo cell to generate a signal. Using this signal, number of hairs in a given length of yarn can be determined. However, the measurement does not cover full circumference of the yarn. A theory is developed in the present work to overcome this problem

Fabric pilling– Objective measurement system

An objective method of measuring pilling profile of fabric has been proposed using an inexpensive newly developed instrumentation. This measurement has been validated by direct measurement of pills using stereo microscope, as suggested by correlation analysis carried out between two sets of data. Results indicate that the objective assessment of pilled fabric could reliably be done by this machine, which can support subjective assessment done by the experts in grading of fabric

Composition and Properties of Fibre Extracted from Pseudostem of Banana (Musa Sp.)

Pseudostem waste from five commercial cultivars of banana was used to extract fibre in order to study its properties. Fibre was extracted by decortification of sheath either manually or using Raspador machine. Yield of fibre in cultivars varied from 0.548% to 0.891%. There was no significant difference in the yield of fibre from different layers of sheath although differences among cultivars were significant. Cellulose was the major component of the fibre at about 60% while lignin levels were nearly 20%. The strength characteristics of Nendran fibre like, mean breaking load, mean breaking extension and tenacity were comparable to those reported for other naturally occurring plant fibres such as pineapple, jute and sisal. The study highlighted the importance of exploiting banana pseudostem after harvest of banana bunch for fibre production on a commercial scale

Nonlinear Maxwell modelling of inverse relaxation in yarns and fabrics

An attempt has been made to fit the derived equation on the experimental inverse relaxation curves by employing Levenberg-Marquardt’s method for nonlinear regression and calculation of the constant values involved in the equation. The relaxation curves can be classified into ordinary relaxation, mixed relaxation and inverse relaxation curves. There seems to be good concurrence between the experimental and the fitted inverse relaxation curves

Time-Scale Analysis of Sovereign Bonds Market Co-Movement in the EU

We study co-movement of 10-year sovereign bond yields of 11 EU countries. Our analysis is focused mainly on changes of co-movement in the crisis period, especially near two significant dates - the fall of Lehman Brothers, September 15, 2008, and the announcement of increase of Greek's public deficit in October 20, 2009. We study co-movement dynamics using wavelet analysis, it allows us to observe how co-movement changes across scales, which can be interpreted as investment horizons, and through time. We divide the countries into three groups; the Core of the Eurozone, the Periphery of the Eurozone and the states outside the Eurozone. Results indicate that co-movement considerably decreased in the crisis period for all countries pairs, however there are significant differences among the groups. Furthermore, we demonstrate that co-movement of bond yields significantly varies across scales

A new concept on mean fibre length in cotton

317-320A theoretical method to determine the number of floating fibres between two planes perpendicular to the sliver axis is given. Also, theoretically it is shown that the mean length as measured by using a Baer sorter pattern, which is considered as the standard method for determination of number average mean length, depends on the length of the sliver used in preparation of the pattern and it lies between the actual number average value and the weighted average mean length value of the sample

Yarn hairiness – Theory about total number of fibre hair

440-443Yarn hairiness is determined using projection of hairs perpendicular to the yarn axis. Measurement is done using photo cell which receives light from a small area above the yarn surface. The hairs that project beyond the specific adjusted distance – which is generally 3 mm – intercept the beam of light that falls on the photo cell, causing photo cell to generate a signal. Using this signal, number of hairs in a given length of yarn can be determined. However, the measurement does not cover full circumference of the yarn. A theory is developed in the present work to overcome this problem

Non-conventional scouring of cotton fibres of different species

81-87The effect of non-conventional scouring treatment (NST), using exclusively non-ionic surfactant, on the properties of cotton fibres of different species has been studied. It is observed that for the treated G. arboreum, G. barbadense, G. herbeceum and G. hirsutum the sinking time remains within the standard limits. No significant effect on uniformity ratio is observed for all the samples except for G. herbeceum. A decrease in 2.5% span length is recorded with all species, except with G. herbeceum. The species G. arboreum and G. hirsutum show an increase in micronaire values while G. herbaceum shows a decrease in the value. The % elongation decreases for G. arboreum and G herbeceum. SEM micrographs also suggest that the NST method can be conveniently used for different species of cotton

A novel method for scouring textile cotton

72-74A simple novel method has been developed for scouring different varieties of cotton fibres and fabrics using non-ionic surfactant and the results are compared with those of the conventional method. It is observed that the novel method does not affect the 2.5% span length, micronaire and tenacity of the cotton. However, the uniformity ratio is found to decrease on treatment. Sinking time for the treated cotton remains within the standard limits, thus making it suitable as absorbent. On comparing with conventional method, it is found that the dye uptake, and colour fastness to washing and perspiration of cotton fabrics treated with the new method are equal to or better than those of the fabrics treated with conventional method. The new method is not only simple to operate but also ecofriendly and economic