Discussion on the teaching mode of higher vocational nursing specialty based on CDIO model

基于CDIO模式下高职院校护理专业教学模式的探讨是本文的研究核心。CDIO是国际高等工程教育改革的最新成果，兴起于2000年，国内高校在引入CDIO 模式改革过程中，出现一些问题或疑惑是在所难免的，所以CDIO模式是高等教育院校,尤其是高职院校教师对陈旧教学模式的一次大胆尝试。CDIO模式能够促使教师反思已固有的习惯性教学理念，从而在教学过程中改变教学方法，使教师的教学工作能力得以很大程度的提高，同时鼓励学生的学习行为趋于自主性，培养其自身的专业能力、个人发展能力、人际交往能力和系统创新能力等职业综合能力。Discussion on the teaching mode of higher vocational nursing specialty based on CDIO model is the core of this study. CDIO is the latest achievement in the reform of the international higher education of engineering and has been thrived since 2000. There are some inevitable problems when domestic universities introduced and innovated the CDIO mode. Therefore the CDIO model is a bold attempt for the institutions of higher education, especially higher vocational college teachers. The CDIO mode drives teachers to reflect on the existed teaching philosophy, and therefore enables them to change teaching methods in the teaching process and improve their teaching capacity tremendously. Meanwhile, it also encourages students to learn automatically and cultivate their comprehensive abilities such as professional capability, development capability, interpersonal skills, innovation ability, etc

Magnetoelectric Coupling and Electric Control of Magnetization in Ferromagnet-Ferroelectric-Metal Superlattices

Ferromagnet-ferroelectric-metal superlattices are proposed to realize the large room-temperature magnetoelectric effect. Spin dependent electron screening is the fundamental mechanism at the microscopic level. We also predict an electric control of magnetization in this structure. The naturally broken inversion symmetry in our tri-component structure introduces a magnetoelectric coupling energy of $P M^2$. Such a magnetoelectric coupling effect is general in ferromagnet-ferroelectric heterostructures, independent of particular chemical or physical bonding, and will play an important role in the field of multiferroics.Comment: 5 pages including 3 figures and 1 tabl

3-Methyl-4-{[(3-{[(3-methyl-5-oxo-1-phenyl-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-4-yl­idene)(phen­yl)meth­yl]amino­meth­yl}benz­yl)amino](phen­yl)methyl­idene}-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-5(4H)-one

The complete mol­ecule of the title compound, C42H36N6O2, is generated by a crystallographic twofold axis with two C atoms of the central phenyl group lying on the axis. In the independent part of the mol­ecule, one amino group is involved in an intra­molecular N—H⋯O hydrogen bond, and the two adjacent phenyl rings are twisted from the plane of the pyrazolone ring with dihedral angles of 6.82 (3) and 88.32 (6)°. The crystal packing exhibits no classical inter­molecular contacts

Multiple evaluations, risk assessment, and source identification of heavy metals in surface water and sediment of the Golmud River, northeastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, China

The water quality of the Golmud River is essential for environmental preservation and economic growth of Golmud city and Qarhan Salt Lake in China. Thirty-four samples of surface water and sediment from seventeen places in the Golmud River and thirty-two dustfall samples in the Qaidam Basin were collected. The concentrations of heavy metals (HMs) were measured; water quality, risk assessment, and multiple source analysis were applied. Concentrations of HMs in water were Zn > Cu > Ni > As > Pb > Cd > Hg, and in sediment were Ni > Zn > Pb > As > Cu > Cd > Hg. In water, the Nemerow pollution index (NP) values indicated that most of the sampling points seemly were seriously polluted; other water quality assessment results suggested no pollution. In sediment, the concentrations of 27% HMs exceeded the background values of soil in Qinghai; 48% exceeded the Earth crust background values, which were As, Hg, and Cd. The single factor index method (Pi), geological accumulation index (Igeo), and contamination factor (CF) revealed that As pollution is serious, followed by Hg and Cd; the pollution load index (PLI) and modified pollution index (mCd) values indicated that 64% and 57% of samples were polluted. NP values are shown serious pollution. The ecological risk results demonstrated a low risk in water and a medium risk in sediment. The average total hazard quotient values in sediment and water for adults and children revealed low non-carcinogenic risks. Carcinogenic risk indicated Ni in water and sediment, and As in sediment may be involved in cancer risk. Multivariate statistics showed that the HMs mainly came from nature, and human activities will also impact them. The upper continental crust values indicated that As and Hg have high background values. The saline dust storm was one of the essential sources of HMs, especially Hg. Various provenances constituted the material cycling of HMs in the surface environment

Numerical Study on the Dynamic Process of Single Plume Flow in Thermal Convection with Polymers

A direct numerical simulation of single plume flow in thermal convection with polymers was carried out in a domain with 1:3 as the width to height ratio. The heat transport ability is weakened by adding polymers within the here-investigated governing parameter range. However, it is promoted when the maximum polymer extension L is increased. The distribution of vertical velocity and temperature indicates that the plume in the polymer solution case is speeded up and widens bigger as compared to that in the Newtonian fluid case. Inside the plume, polymer chains tend to release energy at the position where the velocity is decelerated. The ratio of Nusselt numbers (Nu/NuNew) shows the power-law scaling relation with the governing parameter L2/Wi in polymer solution cases, which is only applicable for moderate Wi and small L. The present study can give direct insight into the observation about plumes in turbulent thermal convection experiments. It is therefore useful for the analysis of heat transport in thermal convection with polymers