16 research outputs found
A systematic review of heterosexual anal intercourse and its role in the transmission of HIV and other sexually transmitted infections in Papua New Guinea
Is the prefrontal bone in Alpine newt (Triturus alpestris Laurenti, 1768) of dual origin?
According to current knowledge, only the prefrontal bone (os prefrontale) of the circumorbital series is preserved in the family Salamandridae. However, the exact origin and number of ossification centres creating this bone is unknown. Detailed examination of the prefrontal bone during ontogeny of juvenile and adult specimens of the Alpine Newt (Triturus alpestris) indicates its dual origin (prefrontal and lacrimal). We found that the prefrontal bone originates from four ossification centres, i.e. three prefrontal centres and one posterior lacrimal centre. The anterior lacrimal centre participates in the maxillar ossification. The development of these ossification centres occurs very late in ontogeny (at stage 54), and starts after differentiation of the nasal capsules. The total fusion of the lacrimal ossification centre with the prefrontal bone of T. alpestris is distinct from the fully differentiated lacrimal bone attached to the prefrontal bone of the fossil family Branchiosauridae (Temnospondyly). We propose that heterochrony, observed in the recent species, is a delayed development followed by accelerated ossification that resulted in the fusion of the anterior lacrimal centre with the maxilla and the posterior lacrimal centre with the prefrontal bone
Functionalization of cotton with poly-NiPAAm/chitosan microgel: Part II. Stimuli-responsive liquid management properties
Experiences of and responses to disrespectful maternity care and abuse during childbirth; a qualitative study with women and men in Morogoro Region, Tanzania
Photopolymerised thermo-responsive poly(N,N-diethylacrylamide)-based copolymer hydrogels for potential drug delivery applications
Probing perceptual decisions in rodents
The study of perceptual decision-making offers insight into how the brain uses complex, sometimes ambiguous information to guide actions. Understanding the underlying processes and their neural bases requires that one pair recordings and manipulations of neural activity with rigorous psychophysics. Though this research has been traditionally performed in primates, it seems increasingly promising to pursue it at least partly in mice and rats. However, rigorous psychophysical methods are not yet as developed for these rodents as they are for primates. Here we give a brief overview of the sensory capabilities of rodents and of their cortical areas devoted to sensation and decision. We then review methods of psychophysics, focusing on the technical issues that arise in their implementation in rodents. These methods represent a rich set of challenges and opportunities