EMPHYSEMATOUS PYELONEPHRITIS: A CASE REPORT

Emphysematous pyelonephritis is a rare life threatening fulminant necrotizing infection of the kidney with high mortality. It is characterized by characteristic gas formation within or around the kidney on radiological investigations, while E.Coli is the most common causative organism. We report a case of 60 year old female suffering from diabetes mellitus since 3 years, who presented with high grade fever, abdominal pain, vomiting and dysuria. She was diagnosed as a case of emphysematous pyelonephritis and successfully treated. KEYWORDS: Emphysematous pyelonephritis; Antibiotics

EMPHYSEMATOUS PYELONEPHRITIS: A CASE REPORT

Emphysematous pyelonephritis is a rare life threatening fulminant necrotizing infection of the kidney with high mortality. It is characterized by characteristic gas formation within or around the kidney on radiological investigations, while E.Coli is the most common causative organism. We report a case of 60 year old female suffering from diabetes mellitus since 3 years, who presented with high grade fever, abdominal pain, vomiting and dysuria. She was diagnosed as a case of emphysematous pyelonephritis and successfully treated. KEYWORDS: Emphysematous pyelonephritis; Antibiotics

Clopidogrel Resistance: Current Issues

Antiplatelet agents are mainly used in the prevention and management of atherothrombotic complications. Dual antiplatelet therapy, combining aspirin and clopidogrel, is the standard care for patients having acute coronary syndromes or undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention according to the current ACC/AHA and ESC guidelines. But in spite of administration of dual antiplatelet therapy, some patients develop recurrent cardiovascular ischemic events especially stent thrombosis which is a serious clinical problem. Antiplatelet response to clopidogrel varies widely among patients based on ex vivo platelet function measurements. Clopidogrel is an effective inhibitor of platelet activation and aggregation due to its selective and irreversible blockade of the P2Y12 receptor. Patients who display little attenuation of platelet reactivity with clopidogrel therapy are labeled as low or nonresponders or clopidogrel resistant. The mechanism of clopidogrel resistance remains incompletely defined but there are certain clinical, cellular and genetic factors including polymorphisms responsible for therapeutic failure. Currently there is no standardized or widely accepted definition of clopidogrel resistance. The future may soon be realised in the routine measurement of platelet activity in the same way that blood pressure, cholesterol and blood sugar are followed to help guide the therapy, thus improving the care for millions of people. This review focuses on the methods used to identify patients with clopidogrel resistance, the underlying mechanisms, metabolism, clinical significance and current therapeutic strategies to overcome clopidogrel resistance. J Enam Med Col 2016; 6(1): 38-4

Sulfasalazine-Induced Pancytopenia in Ulcerative Colitis

Sulfasalazine is a well-established disease-modifying agent. It is commonly used in the treatment of rheumatic disorders and inflammatory bowel disease. The most frequently reported adverse effects are gastrointestinal effects, headache, dizziness and rash; myelosuppression can also occur. Patients treated with sulfasalazine can develop thrombocytopenia which is immune mediated. We report a case of ulcerative colitis that was on sulfasalazine subsequently developing thrombocytopenia

Emphysematous pyelonephritis: A case report

Emphysematous pyelonephritis is a rare life threatening fulminant necrotizing infection of the kidney with high mortality. It is characterized by characteristic gas formation within or around the kidney on radiological investigations, while E.Coli is the most common causative organism. We report a case of 60 year old female suffering from diabetes mellitus since 3 years, who presented with high grade fever, abdominal pain, vomiting and dysuria. She was diagnosed as a case of emphysematous pyelonephritis and successfully treated. KEYWORDS: Emphysematous pyelonephritis; Antibiotics

Rheumatological Manifestations of Diabetes Mellitus ─ An Update

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic condition and a major public health problem. It is associated with many musculoskeletal manifestations which are usually under-recognized and poorly treated, as compared to other complications like neuropathy, nephropathy and retinopathy. These manifestations affect the joints, soft tissues and the bones leading to alterations in musculoskeletal system of the patient. This article reviews the major rheumatological problems of diabetes mellitus including their management