Os pontos de vista privilegiados no ensino da noção de derivad de uma função no ensino superior do brasil

O objetivo dessa pesquisa é analisar os pontos de vista sobre a noção de derivada de uma função desenvolvida no Ensino Médio e que podem servir de apoio para a disciplina de Cálculo Diferencial e Integral no Ensino Superior. Para isso, escolhemos como referenciais teóricos centrais os pontos de vista de Thurston (1995) e a abordagem teórica em termos de pontos de vista de Rogalski (1995). Para melhor identificar as dificuldades associadas ao ensino e à aprendizagem da noção de derivada na transição Ensino Médio e Superior complementamos as análises utilizando as abordagens teóricas em termos de quadros de Douady (1984) e níveis de conhecimento de Robert(1997) e a teoria antropológica do didático de Bosch e Chevallard (1999). Os resultados encontrados mostram que pouca atenção é dada ao trabalho desenvolvido no Ensino Médio, não se levando em conta os conhecimentos prévios dos estudantes, o que pode justificar as dificuldades encontradas por esses nos primeiros anos do Ensino Superior

Coproduction of gluconic acid and fructooligosaccharidesby Aureobasidium pullulans from sugarcane molasses: effectof oxygen transfer rate in stirred tank and airlift bioreactors

Aureobasidium pullulans NCYC 4012 was used to produce gluconic acid (GA) and fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS) from sugarcane molasses (ScM). For the first time, three types of bioreactors operating at different conditions of oxygenationa stirred tank reactor (STR) operating under atmospheric pressure varying stirring rate, a pressurized STR under increased air pressure up to 4 bar of air, and an airlift reactor under atmospheric pressure varying aeration ratewere employed for GA and FOS biosynthesis by A. pullulans. The highest oxygenation conditions favored GA production in the three bioreactors, whereas the synthesis of FOS was not favored by high oxygen availability. GA yields close to 1 g·g1 (grams of GA produced per grams of glucose consumed) were achieved in bioreactors under atmospheric pressure, and the highest titer of GA of 75 g·L1 was obtained in the airlift bioreactor. In this last, the highest concentration of total FOS of 65 g·L1 and yield of FOS of 0.58 g·g1 were obtained.Open access funding provided by FCT|FCCN (b-on). This study was supported by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) under the scope of the strategic funding of UIDB/04469/2020 unit and by LABBELS – Associate Laboratory in Biotechnology, Bioengineering and Microelectromechanical Systems, LA/P/0029/2020. Sílvia Fernandes, Daniela A. Gonçalves, and Clarisse Nobre acknowledge the FCT for the Ph.D. Grant SFRH/BD/129475/2017 and 2022.11590.BD, and for the Assistant Research contract 2021.01234.CEECIN, respectively.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Complementary Spiritist Therapy: Systematic Review of Scientific Evidence

Spiritism is the third most common religion in Brazil, and its therapies have been used by millions worldwide. These therapies are based on therapeutic resources including prayer, laying on of hands, fluidotherapy (magnetized water), charity/volunteering, spirit education/moral values, and disobsession (spirit release therapy). This paper presents a systematic review of the current literature on the relationship among health outcomes and 6 predictors: prayer, laying on of hands, magnetized/fluidic water, charity/volunteering, spirit education (virtuous life and positive affect), and spirit release therapy. All articles were analyzed according to inclusion/exclusion criteria, Newcastle-Ottawa and Jadad score. At present, there is moderate to strong evidence that volunteering and positive affect are linked to better health outcomes. Furthermore, laying on of hands, virtuous life, and praying for oneself also seem to be associated to positive findings. Nevertheless, there is a lack of studies on magnetized water and spirit release therapy. In summary, science is indirectly demonstrating that some of these therapies can be associated to better health outcomes and that other therapies have been overlooked or poorly investigated. Further studies in this field could contribute to the disciplines of Complementary and Alternative Medicine by investigating the relationship between body, mind, and soul/spirit

ORGANIZAÇÃO DO ENSINO QUE POSSIBILITA A REVELAÇÃO DA GÊNESE DO CONCEITO DE FRAÇÃO EM NÍVEL TEÓRICO

This research originated from fears that triggered the need to reflect on the possibilities of overcoming of the organization mode in which empirical knowledge predominates. We investigate whether the organization of teaching through movements to reduce concrete to abstract and ascending from abstract to concrete enables students to reveal the genesis of fraction's concept at a theoretical level. We adopted the dialectical-historical materialism as a research method. We conclude that the organization of teaching through movements to reduce the concrete to the abstract and ascending from the abstract to the concrete makes it possible for students to reveal the genesis of the fraction's concept at a theoretical level.La presente investigación se originó a partir de angustias que desencadenaron la necesidad de reflexionar sobre la posibilidad de superación del modo de organización en el que predomina el conocimiento empírico. Investigamos se la organización de la enseñanza a través de los movimientos de reducción del concreto a lo abstracto y elevación del abstracto a lo concreto hace posible la revelación, por parte de los estudiantes, de la génesis del concepto de fracción en nivel teórico. Adoptamos como método de investigación el materialismo histórico-dialéctico. Concluimos que la organización de enseñanza a través del movimiento de reducción del concreto a lo abstracto y elevación del abstracto a lo concreto hace posible la revelación, por parte de los estudiantes, de la génesis del concepto de fracción en nivel teórico.A presente pesquisa teve origem a partir de angústias que desencadearam a necessidade de refletirmos sobre as possibilidades de superação do modo de organização no qual predomina o conhecimento empírico. Investigamos se a organização do ensino por meio dos movimentos de redução do concreto ao abstrato e ascensão do abstrato ao concreto possibilita a revelação, por parte dos estudantes, da gênese do conceito de fração em nível teórico. Adotamos como método de pesquisa o materialismo histórico-dialético. Concluímos que a organização do ensino por meio dos movimentos de redução do concreto ao abstrato e ascensão do abstrato ao concreto possibilita a revelação, por parte dos estudantes, da gênese do conceito de fração em nível teórico.&nbsp