Dibutylchloro[4-(4-nitrophenyl)piperazine-1-carbodithioato-kappa S-2,S ']tin(IV)

The title complex, [Sn(C4H9)(2)(C11H12N3O2S2) Cl], features an asymmetrically chelating thiocarboxylate ligand. There are two molecules in the asymmetric unit. The Sn atom is five-coordinated within a C2ClS2 donor set that is best described as trigonal-bipyramidal with one S atom and the Cl atom in axial positions, subtending bond angles of 155.67 (2) and 155.11 (2)degrees, respectively

Chlorodiethyl[4-(4-nitrophenyl)piperazine-1-carbodithioato]tin(IV)

The molecule of the title compound, [Sn(C2H5)(2)(C11H12N3O2S2)Cl], features an asymmetrically chelating thiocarboxylate ligand. The Sn atom is five-coordinate within a C2ClS2 donor set that is best described as trigonal bipyramidal with S and Cl atoms in axial positions, defining a bond angle of 156.58 (2)degrees

1,3-di-o-tolylthiourea

The two o-tolyl groups in the title compound, C15H16N2S, are trans with respect to the thiourea unit. The asymmetric unit consists of two molecules linked by N-H center dot center dot center dot S hydrogen bonds into dimers

1,3-bis(4-bromophenyl)thiourea

The two bromophenyl rings in the title compound, C13H10Br2N2S, adopt a cis-cis configuration to S with respect to the C-N thiourea bonds. The crystal packing is characterized by N-H center dot center dot center dot S hydrogen bonds

Bis(4-benzylpiperidine-1-carbodithioato-kappa S-2,S ')-dimethyltin(IV)

The Sn atom in the title compound, [Sn(CH3)(2)(C13H16NS2)(2)], has a highly distorted octahedral geometry that may be best described as skew-trapezoidal planar for thiocarboxylates. The ligands are asymmetrically coordinated to the Sn atom, with shorter Sn-S bond lengths that are very close to the sum of the covalent radii of Sn and S, while the longer Sn-S distances are significantly less than the sum of their van der Waals radii

Nodular Melanoma Mimicking Keratoacanthoma : Lessons to learn

A 67-year-old man of Chinese descent presented with a painless nodular lesion that had been present on his right forearm for the previous 3 months. A single, well-defined, dome-shaped, firm nodule with a central keratin plug surrounded by erythema was noted. Keratoacanthoma with secondary bacterial infection was suspected and the patient underwent an excision biopsy. Biopsy of the nodule and immunohistochemical staining supported a diagnosis of nodular malignant melanoma. It should be noted both that nodular malignant melanoma may present with a wide variety of clinical appearances, and that the lack of melanin pigment in nodular malignant melanoma may hinder the diagnosis of this aggressive tumour

First order metamagnetic transition in CeFe2_2 based pseudobinary alloys

We present results of dc magnetisation study showing that the low temperature antiferromagnetic state in various CeFe$_2$-based pseudobinary alloys can be transformed into ferromagnetic state through a magnetic field induced phase transition. We highlight the presence of hysteresis and phase coexistence across this metamagnetic transition and argue that the observed phase transition is of first order in nature.Comment: 11 pages of text and 9 figures ; to appear in Journal of Physics: Condens. Matte

The relationship between livestock ownership and child stunting in three countries in eastern Africa using national survey data

Livestock ownership has the potential to improve child nutrition through various mechanisms, although direct evaluations of household livestock and child stunting status are uncommon. We conducted an analysis of Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) datasets from Ethiopia (2011), Kenya (2008-2009), and Uganda (2010) among rural children under 5 years of age to compare stunting status across levels of livestock ownership. We classified livestock ownership by summing reported household numbers of goats, sheep, cattle and chickens, as well as calculating a weighted score to combine multiple species. The primary association was assessed separately by country using a log-binomial model adjusted for wealth and region, which was then stratified by child diarrheal illness, animal-source foods intake, sub-region, and wealth index. This analysis included n = 8079 children from Ethiopia, n = 3903 children from Kenya, and n = 1645 from Uganda. A ten-fold increase in household livestock ownership had significant association with lower stunting prevalence in Ethiopia (Prevalence Ratio [PR] 0.95, 95% CI 0.92-0.98) and Uganda (PR 0.87, 95% CI 0.79-0.97), but not Kenya (PR 1.01, 95% CI 0.96-1.07). The weighted livestock score was only marginally associated with stunting status. The findings varied slightly by region, but not by wealth, diarrheal disease, or animal-source food intake. This analysis suggested a slightly beneficial effect of household livestock ownership on child stunting prevalence. The small effect size observed may be related to limitations of the DHS dataset or the potentially complicated relationship between malnutrition and livestock ownership, including livestock health and productivity

Hand washing with soap and water together with behavioural recommendations prevents infections in common work environment: an open cluster-randomized trial

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Hand hygiene is considered as an important means of infection control. We explored whether guided hand hygiene together with transmission-limiting behaviour reduces infection episodes and lost days of work in a common work environment in an open cluster-randomized 3-arm intervention trial.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>A total of 21 clusters (683 persons) were randomized to implement hand hygiene with soap and water (257 persons), with alcohol-based hand rub (202 persons), or to serve as a control (224 persons). Participants in both intervention arms also received standardized instructions on how to limit the transmission of infections. The intervention period (16 months) included the emergence of the 2009 influenza pandemic and the subsequent national hand hygiene campaign influencing also the control arm.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>In the total follow-up period there was a 6.7% reduction of infection episodes in the soap-and water arm (p = 0.04). Before the onset of the anti-pandemic campaign, a statistically significant (p = 0.002) difference in the mean occurrence of infection episodes was observed between the control (6.0 per year) and the soap-and-water arm (5.0 per year) but not between the control and the alcohol-rub arm (5.6 per year). Neither intervention had a decreasing effect on absence from work.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>We conclude that intensified hand hygiene using water and soap together with behavioural recommendations can reduce the occurrence of self-reported acute illnesses in common work environment. Surprisingly, the occurrence of reported sick leaves also increased in the soap-and water-arm.</p> <p>Trial Registration</p> <p>ClinicalTrials.gov: <a href="http://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00981877">NCT00981877</a></p> <p>Source of funding</p> <p>The Finnish Work Environment Fund and the National Institute for Health and Welfare.</p