Control of Microcystis aeruginosa with Galla chinensis

Galla chinensis (nutgall), used in traditional Chinese medicine, is a product extracted from nutgall trees in Chinese forests. In this study, Microcystis aeruginosa, a cyanobacterium, was exposed to different concentrations of nutgall extract obtained from Galla chinensis. With increased exposure concentration, and time, the cell density of M. aeruginosa was significantly reduced. After 72 h of exposure, the chlorophyll a content of M. aeruginosa significantly decreased; superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity increased at a low nutgall concentration but decreased at higher concentrations. Cellular ultrastructure was observed by electron microscopy. With increased nutgall concentrations, M. aeruginosa cell walls became wrinkled, collapsed, and ruptured. The photosynthetic thylakoid lamellae were fractured and dispersed, fewer phycobilisomes attached to the photosynthetic thylakoid membrane and were dispersed into the cytoplasm, and the number of lipid particles and cyanophycin granules increased. A large void appeared in the nuclear area and most of the algal cells died. In conclusion, these observations indicate that Galla chinensis has a significant allelopathic effect, and can effectively inhibit the growth of M. aeruginos

Review of Research Situation of Lagenaria siceraria (Molina) Standl.

Lagenaria siceraria (Molina) Standl. Var.hispisa (Thund.) Hara is an annual creeping herb of the family Cucurbitaceae. It has high nutritional value and medicinal value, and it is a high-quality vegetable with low sugar and many kinds of vitamins. This paper introduced the current research situation of L. siceraria (Molina) Standl.from medicinal value, cultivation management technology and processing technology. Besides, it discussed main points of future researches on the basis of existing research, to promote the development of L. siceraria (Molina) Standl

Introduction Performance of Aornia melanocarpa in 4 Districts of Tianjin

[Objectives] To enrich the species resources of Tianjin, Aornia melanocarpa was introduced and cultivated in 4 districts of Tianjin. [Methods] Two consecutive years of observation in 2018-2019 and research on the phenological period, high yield and fruit economic traits in 4 districts of Tianjin were carried out. [Results] The A. melanocarpa of the Linhai Jiayuan Experimental Site in Jinghai District has larger single fruit weight, higher nutrient composition, stronger plant growth, higher yield and storage stability, so this site can be used as a main planting base for large-scale planting of A. melanocarpa; the experimental site of Tianjin Agricultural University East Campus and the experimental site of Cuiping Lake Science Park of Jizhou District have a sour and astringent taste but relatively low yield, need to be processed as by-products in combination with market prices to determine whether to plant; the experimental site of Tianjin Agricultural University West Campus has low yield, small fruit and poor taste, and the planting effect is the worst among the four experimental sites. [Conclusions] From the overall economic traits of fruits, the fruits produced in the experimental site of Jinghai District have sufficient weight, high solid-acid ratio, and relatively high nutrient content, thus this experimental site can be used as large-scale cultivation base for A. melanocarpa

Content Determination of Chlorogenic Acid and Luteoloside in Flos Lonicerae

The contents of chlorogenic acid and luteoloside in Flos Lonicerae from Binhai New Area and Jinnan District of Tianjin were determined to provide basis for the quality identification of this medicinal material. The content of chlorogenic acid was determined by HPLC. In Flos Lonicerae from Binhai New Area and in Flos Lonicerae harvested at different stages from Jinnan District, the contents of chlorogenic acid were 3.804%, 5.507% (three green stage), 4.855% (silver flower stage) and 4.220% (golden flower stage), respectively, and the contents of luteoloside were 5.53%, 12.405% (three green stage), 14.370% (silver flower stage) and 0.917% (golden flower stage), respectively. The contents of chlorogenic acid in Flos Lonicerae from Jinnan District were higher than that from Binhai New Area. Among different stages, the content of chlorogenic acid was highest in three green stage, followed by that in silver flower stage. As the flowers bloomed, the content of chlorogenic acid in the medicinal material showed a significant downward trend. In Flos Lonicerae from Jinnan District, the content of luteoloside was highest in silver flower stage and lowest in golden flower stage

Physical Stability of Lotus Seed and Lily Bulb Beverage: The Effects of Homogenisation on Particle Size Distribution, Microstructure, Rheological Behaviour, and Sensory Properties

The lotus seed and lily bulb beverage (LLB) has a problem with solid particle sedimentation. To address this issue, LLB was homogenised twice at different pressures (0~100 MPa) using a homogeniser. This study aims to investigate the changes in the particle size distribution (PSD), microstructure, rheological behaviour, sedimentation index (IS), turbidity, physicochemical properties, and sensory quality of LLBs after homogenisation treatments. The results regarding PSD and microstructure showed that the suspended particles were decomposed at high pressure with increasing homogenisation pressure, forming small particles of cellular material, cell wall fragments, fibre fractions, and polymers. The LLB showed shear-thinning behaviour and weak gelation characteristics (G′ > G″) and rheological properties. Among all homogenisation pressures, the 60 MPa sample showed the lowest sedimentation rate and the highest turbidity. When the pressure was increased from 0 to 100 MPa, the total soluble solid (TSS) content showed an upward trend, while the ascorbic acid content (AAC) gradually decreased. The highest sensory evaluation was observed in the 60 MPa sample in terms of overall acceptability

Effects of Thermosonication on the Antioxidant Capacity and Physicochemical, Bioactive, Microbiological, and Sensory Qualities of Blackcurrant Juice

This study investigated the effects of thermosonication (TS) on the quality of blackcurrant juice, along with its physicochemical properties, bioactive compounds, antioxidant capacity, and microbiological and sensory qualities. The treatments included raw juice (RJ), pasteurized juice (90 °C, 1 min, PJ), and thermosonicated juice (480 W, 40 kHz at 40, 50, or 60 °C, for 10, 20, 30, or 40 min, TJ). The results indicated that the effects of pasteurization and thermosonication on the pH, total soluble solids, and titratable acidity of the juice were not significant (p > 0.05). However, the cloudiness, browning index, and viscosity were significantly increased (p p p p > 0.05) differences in the sensory parameters compared with the RJ samples. In conclusion, this study suggests that TS is an effective method that can be used as an alternative to pasteurization to improve the quality of blackcurrant juice

Study on Tissue Culture and Rapid Propagation of Platycodon grandiflorus

With seeds as experimental materials, MS was used as the basic medium to combine different species and concentrations of auxin and mitogen for proliferation, elongation and rooting culture.The best combination of medium and the most suitable medium were selected.The results showed that the best formula for the medium was MS+0.5 mg/L BA+0.5 mg/L IAA+30 g/L sucrose in the proliferation culture, MS+0.25 mg/L BA+0.5 mg/L IAA +30 g/L sucrose in the elongation culture, and MS+0.5 mg/L IAA+20 g/L sucrose in the rooting culture respectively. The experimental results will be applied in the rapid propagation and breeding of high-quality seedlings of Platycodon grandiflorus

Content Analysis of Baicalin and Heavy Metals in Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi Cultivated in Jizhou District

This study aimed to explore an analysis method for baicalin in Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi and make a reference for the analysis of the medicinal value of S. baicalensis cultivated in Jizhou District. The content of baicalin in S. baicalensis cultivated in Jizhou District was determined using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) to judge whether it met the requirements of Chinese Pharmacopoeia; and according to the requirements of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia of 2015 edition, the contents of heavy metals were determined by ICP-MS. The results showed that the contents of baicalin, Cr, Cu, As, Cd and Pb in S. baicalensis planted in Jizhou District were 14.625 05%, 11.360 12.830 , 0.062 315 , 0.025 715 and 0.176 65 μg/g, respectively. The content of baicalin in S. baicalensis planted in Jizhou District was much higher than the standard (≥ 9.0%) of Chinese Pharmacopoeia of 2015 edition, and the contents of heavy metals were also below the limit (≤20/1 000 000) required by Chinese Pharmacopoeia of 2015 edition