The Analysis of Speech Act of Tourism Promotion in Pesona Indonesia and Malaysia Truly Asia: A Cross-Cultural Pragmatic Study

This study aims to analyze the illocutionary speech act used in the promotion of rural tourism in high-altitude areas by the Indonesian and Malaysian Ministries of Tourism. Searle's taxonomy of illocutionary speech acts (1979) is used, namely assertive, directive, commissive, expressive and declarative to categorize rural tourism. The data in this study were taken from the YouTube platform which was published in 2022 with the theme of video content promoting of rural tourism in high-altitude. Data analysis through Searle's taxonomy which is interpreted through a qualitative descriptive method. The results of the study found that there were similarities found, namely the types of assertive, directive and expressive illocutionary acts in PI and MTA. Meanwhile, commissive and declarative types were not found in both. Overall, a total of 58 utterances were obtained, including illocutionary speech acts in PI found a total of 32 utterance frequencies and MTA a total of 26 utterance frequencies. Cross-culturally, MTA in promoting its tourism is accompanied by criticizing developments that have a negative impact on tourist villages. Meanwhile, PI in promoting its tourism prioritizes providing information and cultural knowledge to listeners

Pengendalian Penyakit Layu Stewart Pada Tanaman Jagung yang Ramah Lingkungan dengan Rizobakteri

ABSTRAK Penyakit layu stewart telah menimbulkan masalah besar bagi negara produsen jagung. Penyakit yang disebabkan oleh bakteri Pantoea stewartii subsp. stewartii ini pertama kali dilaporkan keberadaannya pada tanaman jagung di Bali yaitu pada tahun 2017. Kejadian penyakit baru pada komoditas penting seperti jagung, sangat urgen untuk dicarikan solusi pengendaliannya. Menyusun strategi pengendalian penyakit, harus mengacu pada pertanian berkelanjutan dengan mempertimbangkan keseimbangan dan keamanan lingkungan, kesehatan petani dan konsumen. Alternatif pengendalian yang yang merupakan tujuan penelitian ini adalah pemanfaatan rhizobakteria sebagai penginduksi ketahanan tanaman terhadap penyakit layu stewart. Penelitian rumah kaca dirancang menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan pola faktorial dilakukan untuk menguji potensi rizobakteri sebagai agens penginduksi ketahanan tanaman jagung. Penelitian menggunakan dua faktor yaitu isolat rizobakteri (isolat TLKC, isolat CgBd dan tanpa isolat rizobakteri yaitu menggunakan air steril sebagai kontrol) dan cara apilkasinya (perendaman kecambah, perendaman akar bibit, dan penyiraman bibit). Variabel yang diamati adalah keparahan penyakit, pertumbuhan tanaman (tinggi tanaman dan jumlah daun), hasil (panjang dan berat tongkol per tanaman), total fenol dan kandungan asam salisilat. Perlakuan isolat rizobakteri CgBd yang diaplikasikan melalui perendaman kecambah merupakan perlakuan terbaik, karena memberikan pengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman yaitu tinggi tanaman tertinggi, jumlah daun terbanyak, dan produksi yaitu panjang dan berat tongkol yang tertinggi; dan keparahan penyakit terendah. Rendahnya keparahan penyakit karena tanaman jagung memiliki ketahanan yang meningkat terhadap penyakit layu stewart. Indikator peningkatan ketahanan jagung terhadap penyakit layu stewart adalah peningkatan kandungan total fenol dan asam salisilat. Penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa rizobakteri isolat CgBd dan TLKC mampu berperan sebagai agens penginduksi ketahanan sistemik dan sekaligus sebagai pemacu pertumbuhan tanaman; dan cara aplikasi rizobakteri yang terbaik adalah melalui perendaman kecambah jagung pada suspensi rizobakteri.   Kata kunci: jagung, Pantoea, rizobakteri, perendaman kecambah, keamanan lingkungan ABSTRACT Stewart wilt disease has caused major problems for corn producing countries. Disease caused by Pantoea stewartii subsp. stewartii was first reported its existence on corn plants in Bali, in 2017. The incidence of new diseases on essential commodities such as corn, it is very urgent to look for its control solutions. Devise strategies for disease control, it should refer to sustainable agriculture by considering the balance and the environmental security, the health of farmers and consumers. An alternative control which is the purpose of this research is the utilization of rhizobakteria as inducers of plant resistance to stewart wilt disease. Greenhouse studies was designed using a randomized block design (RBD) with factorial pattern was conducted to test the potential rhizobakteria as inducer agents of plant resistance. The study was used two factors, namely: rizobakteri isolates (TLKC isolate, CgBd isolate and without rizobakteri isolates i.e. using sterile water as a control) and the way applications (soaking of sprouts, soaking of seedling root and watering the seeds). The variables measured were disease severity, plant growth (plant height and number of leaves), productions (length and weight of cobs per plant), phenols total and salicylic acid contents. Treatment of CgBd isolate applied trough sprouts soaking was the best treatment. It was giving the effects on plant growth, namely: the highest plant height and leaves number; production that were the highest of length and weight of cobs per plant; and the lowest disease severity. The low level of disease severity because the corn plants had increased resistance to stewart wilt disease. The indicator of increased corn resistance to stewart wilt disease was an increase in total content of phenols and salicylic acid. The study concluded that CgBd and TLKC rizobakteri isolates able to act as inducer agent of systemic resistance as well as plant growth promoters; and the best way of rizobakteri isolates application was through sprouts soaking on rizobakteri suspension. Keywords: corn, Pantoea, rhizobakteria, sprouts soaking, environmental security Citation: Temaja, I G. R.M., Wirya, G.N.A.S., Puspawati, N.M. dan Nulzaen. M.I. (2018). Pengendalian Penyakit Layu Stewart Pada Tanaman Jagung yang Ramah Lingkungan dengan Rizobakteri. Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan, 16(1), 44-48, doi:10.14710/jil.16.1.44-4

Robust estimation of bacterial cell count from optical density

Optical density (OD) is widely used to estimate the density of cells in liquid culture, but cannot be compared between instruments without a standardized calibration protocol and is challenging to relate to actual cell count. We address this with an interlaboratory study comparing three simple, low-cost, and highly accessible OD calibration protocols across 244 laboratories, applied to eight strains of constitutive GFP-expressing E. coli. Based on our results, we recommend calibrating OD to estimated cell count using serial dilution of silica microspheres, which produces highly precise calibration (95.5% of residuals <1.2-fold), is easily assessed for quality control, also assesses instrument effective linear range, and can be combined with fluorescence calibration to obtain units of Molecules of Equivalent Fluorescein (MEFL) per cell, allowing direct comparison and data fusion with flow cytometry measurements: in our study, fluorescence per cell measurements showed only a 1.07-fold mean difference between plate reader and flow cytometry data

Experimental study of water cooling effect on heat transfer to increase output power of 180 watt peak photovoltaic module

Photovoltaic (PV) modules require solar radiation to generate electricity. This study aims to determine the effect of water cooling PV modules on heat transfer, output power, and electrical efficiency of PV modules. The experiments carried out in this study were to vary the heights of flooded water (with and without cooling water replacement control) and cooling water flow. Variations in the height of flooded water are 0,5 cm, 1 cm, 2 cm, and 4 cm. While the flow rate variations are 2 L/min, 4 L/min, and 8 L/min. The flooded water replacement control will be active when the PV surface temperature reached 45°C. When the temperature dropped to 35°C, the cooler is disabled to let more photon to reach PV surface. The results showed that the lowest heat transfer occurred in the variation of 4 cm flooded water height without water replacement control, i.e. 28.53 Watt, with an average PV surface temperature of 32.92°C. The highest average electric efficiency occurred in the variation of 0,5 cm flooded water height with water replacement control, i.e. 13.12%. The use of cooling water replacement control is better due to being able to skip more photons reach PV surface with low PV temperature

Experimental study of water cooling effect on heat transfer to increase output power of 180 watt peak photovoltaic module

Photovoltaic (PV) modules require solar radiation to generate electricity. This study aims to determine the effect of water cooling PV modules on heat transfer, output power, and electrical efficiency of PV modules. The experiments carried out in this study were to vary the heights of flooded water (with and without cooling water replacement control) and cooling water flow. Variations in the height of flooded water are 0,5 cm, 1 cm, 2 cm, and 4 cm. While the flow rate variations are 2 L/min, 4 L/min, and 8 L/min. The flooded water replacement control will be active when the PV surface temperature reached 45°C. When the temperature dropped to 35°C, the cooler is disabled to let more photon to reach PV surface. The results showed that the lowest heat transfer occurred in the variation of 4 cm flooded water height without water replacement control, i.e. 28.53 Watt, with an average PV surface temperature of 32.92°C. The highest average electric efficiency occurred in the variation of 0,5 cm flooded water height with water replacement control, i.e. 13.12%. The use of cooling water replacement control is better due to being able to skip more photons reach PV surface with low PV temperature

Analisis Hasil Deteksi SARS-COV2 Menggunakan Rapid Tes Antigen di Laboratorium Mikrobiologi Klinik RSUD dr. Doris Sylvanus Palangkaraya: Analysis of SARS-COV2 Detection Using Antigen Rapid Tes in the Laboratory Clinical Microbiology RSUD dr. Doris Sylvanus Palangkaraya

The antigen rapid diagnostic test is used for screening COVID-19 patients and is easy to do anywhere and saves time. The sensitivity of various brands of rapid antigen test kits can vary, so medical personnel need to pay close attention to them. Testing for the SARS-CoV2 antigen kit needs to be done diagnostically. This study aims to determine the specificity, sensitivity, and accuracy of the Haelgen antigen rapid test through diagnostic tests. The study design was cross-sectional, with a total sample of 60 people who took swabs from the nasopharynx and oropharynx. The sample is placed in the viral transport medium (VTM). Samples were examined by RT-PCR and, at the same time, examined using an antigen rapid test. The results of the analysis were carried out by calculating the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and accuracy of the SARS-Cov2 antigen test compared to standard RT-PCR using a diagnostic test formula. The most common characteristics of COVID-19 patients were female and 20–29 years old (28.3%). The results of the Haelgen rapid antigen diagnostic test showed a sensitivity of 92.31%, a specificity of 100%, a positive predictive value of 100%, a negative predictive value of 87.5%, and an accuracy of 95%. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of the Haelgen rapid antigen are suitable for testing for COVID-19