Self-Medication Practice and Risk Factors for Self-Medication among university students in Beni Mellal

Background: Self-medication is defined as taking medications without the physician’sprescription. It is a worldwide public health problem, especially in countries with limitedresources. Although self-medication can reduce waiting time and save money, it may carrysome potential risks: antibiotic resistance or inappropriate management with subsequentcomplication. A limited number of self-medication studies have been conducted in Morocco.Objectives: To estimate the prevalence of self-medication practices among university studentsin Beni Mellal and to identify the factors associated with self-medication.Methods: An institution-based cross-sectional study was employed from March 1st 2017 toApril 13th 2017. 476 university students were interviewed using a questionnaire includingsociodemographic scale and self-medication knowledge and behavior. Data was analyzed usingdescriptive and analytic statistical methods.Results: Frequency of self-medication among the study sample has reached 62%. 26,07% ofthe participants reported that the first reason behind using self-medication was lack of money.Meanwhile, the most prevalent conditions that make them use these medications by themselveswere cough and common cold (32.51%) and headache (38,7%). The most frequent selfadministered drugs were analgesics (38.7%) followed by cough suppressants (32,51 %). Most(95.4%) of the drugs were purchased from community pharmacies as a source of drugs for selfmedication.Conclusion: Our study shows that self-medication is widely practiced among Universitystudents of Sultan Moulay Slimane University. In this situation, faculties should createawareness and educate their students regarding advantages and disadvantages of selfmedication

A review of Group B Streptococcus maternal-fetal infection

For a long time, infectious diseases have been a major public health problem, mainly maternal fetal infections linked to neonate’s mortality. Streptococcus agalactiae (GBS) infection is one of the main infections, which threat mother-infant health. One of the major challenges that remains to be addressed is therapeutic care strategy, further, the emergence of antibiotic resistant bacteria which constitute a major challenge for clinicians. Concerning GBS an antibiotic prophylaxis regimen is adopted to reduce the vertical transmission of bacteria from mother to neonate and avoid the appearance of complications related to GBS infection such as early onset disease and late onset disease that can lead to stillbirths. Like most bacteria, GBS is susceptible to first-line antibiotics, and in case of resistance, therapy is based on second and third-line antibiotics. The drug susceptibility testing of microorganisms is therefore essential in the therapeutic strategy, because it not only facilitates the orientation of treatment but also help to set up a system supervising the expansion of resistant strains. This present paper constitutes a literature review on Streptococcus agalactiae maternal-fetal infection and summarizes some epidemiological studies on the emergence of this bacterium as well as it provides the prevalence of its resistance to antibiotics and outlines some vaccine development strategies