X-Ray Reflection Nebulae with Large Equivalent Widths of Neutral Iron Ka Line in the Sgr C Region

This paper reports on the first results of the Suzaku observation in the Sgr C region. We detected four diffuse clumps with strong line emission at 6.4keV, Ka from neutral or low-ionized Fe. One of them, M359.38-0.00, is newly discovered with Suzaku. The X-ray spectra of the two bright clumps, M359.43-0.07 and M359.47-0.15, after subtracting the Galactic center diffuse X-ray emission (GCDX), exhibit strong Ka line from FeI with large equivalent widths (EWs) of 2.0-2.2keV and clear Kb of FeI. The GCDX in the Sgr C region is composed of the 6.4keV- and 6.7keV-associated components. These are phenomenologically decomposed by taking relations between EWs of the 6.4keV and 6.7keV lines. Then the former EWs against the associated continuum in the bright clump regions are estimated to be 2.4(+2.3_-0.7)keV. Since the two different approaches give similar large EWs of 2keV, we strongly suggest that the 6.4keV clumps in the Sgr C region are due to X-ray reflection/fluorescence (the X-ray reflection nebulae).Comment: Accepted for publication in PAS

思春期にみられる甲状腺腫の病因的研究

金沢大学医学部研究課題/領域番号:X00090----957135, 研究期間(年度):1974出典：「思春期にみられる甲状腺腫の病因的研究」研究成果報告書　課題番号：X00090----957135（KAKEN：科学研究費助成事業データベース（国立情報学研究所）） （https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/ja/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-X00090----957135/）を加工して作

Water Vapor Exchange Flow Channels to Enhance the Performance of Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells Without Cathode Humidification

The membrane hydration of the polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC) is required to maintain the efficient and stable operation. In general, the inlet gases are humidified for this purpose. However, from the viewpoint of the total efficiency of a PEFC system and the cost, the humidifier should be omitted. In particular, the cathode side is feasible due to the product water. We have thus developed a flow field design having flow channels for water exchange between the cathode and anode to circulate the product water in a cell. The anode GDL used at the active area was a commercial carbon paper (SGL SIGRACET® 24BA) without the MPL, which was treated by 5 wt% polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) loading to impart hydrophobicity. The cathode GDL used at the active area was a 24BA GDL coated with a hydrophobic MPL. The GDLs used at the water vapor exchange part were a 24BA GDL, a hydrophobic MPL coated GDL and a hydrophilic MPL coated GDL. The hydrophilic MPL consisting of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and carbon black was coated on the 24BA GDL with a PVA content of 20 wt%. This result indicates that the water vapor exchange part with the hydrophilic MPL coated GDL at the cathode is effective for the recovery of the water contained in the cathode downstream gas, which promotes water transport from the cathode to the anode dry gas in the upstream. This is effective to prevent the membrane dehydration, which reduces the ohmic loss, enhancing PEFC performance, as shown in Acknowledgments This work was supported by Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (S) 23226015 from Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS). References 1. T. Kitahara, H. Nakajima, and K. Mori, Journal of Power Sources, 199, 29 (2012). Abstract #1623, 224th ECS Meeting

Suzaku Spectroscopy of an X-Ray Reflection Nebula and a New Supernova Remnant Candidate in the Sgr B1 Region

We made a 100 ks observation of the Sagittarius (Sgr) B1 region at (l, b) = (0.5, -0.1) near to the Galactic center (GC) with the Suzaku/XIS. Emission lines of S XV, Fe I, Fe XXV, and Fe XXVI were clearly detected in the spectrum. We found that the Fe XXV and Fe XXVI line emissions smoothly distribute over the Sgr B1 and B2 regions connecting from the GC. This result suggests that the GC hot plasma extends at least up to the Sgr B region with a constant temperature. There are two diffuse X-ray sources in the observed region. One of the two (G0.42-0.04) is newly discovered, and exhibits a strong S XV Ka emission line, suggesting a candidate for a supernova remnant located in the GC region. The other one (M0.51-0.10), having a prominent Fe I Ka emission line and a strongly absorbed continuum, is likely to be an X-ray reflection nebula. There is no near source bright enough to irradiate M0.51-0.10. However, the Fe I Ka emission can be explained if Sgr A* was ~ 10^6 times brighter 300 years ago, the light travel time for 100 pc to M0.51-0.10, than it is at present.Comment: 10 pages, 10 figure

Tenomodulin expression in the periodontal ligament enhances cellular adhesion.

Tenomodulin (Tnmd) is a type II transmembrane protein characteristically expressed in dense connective tissues such as tendons and ligaments. Its expression in the periodontal ligament (PDL) has also been demonstrated, though the timing and function remain unclear. We investigated the expression of Tnmd during murine tooth eruption and explored its biological functions in vitro. Tnmd expression was related to the time of eruption when occlusal force was transferred to the teeth and surrounding tissues. Tnmd overexpression enhanced cell adhesion in NIH3T3 and human PDL cells. In addition, Tnmd-knockout fibroblasts showed decreased cell adhesion. In the extracellular portions of Tnmd, the BRICHOS domain or CS region was found to be responsible for Tnmd-mediated enhancement of cell adhesion. These results suggest that Tnmd acts on the maturation or maintenance of the PDL by positively regulating cell adhesion via its BRICHOS domain