655 research outputs found
An Unbiased Survey for Molecular Clouds in the Southern Galactic Warp
We have made an unbiased survey for molecular clouds in the Galactic Warp.
This survey, covering an area of 56 square degrees at l = 252 deg to 266 deg
and b = -5 deg to -1 deg, has revealed 70 molecular clouds, while only 6 clouds
were previously known in the region. The number of molecular clouds is, then,
an order of magnitude greater than previously known in this sector at R > 14.5
kpc. The mass of the clouds is in a range from 7.8x10(2) Mo to 8.4x10(4) Mo,
significantly less than the most massive giant molecular clouds in the inner
disk, ~10(6) Mo, while the cloud mass spectrum characterized by a power law is
basically similar to other parts of the Galaxy. The X factor, N(H2)/Wco(12CO),
derived from the molecular clouds in the Warp is estimated to be 3.5(+/-1.8)
times larger than that in the inner disk. The total molecular mass in the Warp
is estimated as 7.3x10(5) Mo, and total mass in the far-outer Galaxy (R > 14.5
kpc) can be estimated as 2x10(7) Mo. The spatial correlation between the CO and
HI distribution appears fairly good, and the mass of the molecular gas is about
1% of that of the atomic gas in the far-outer Galaxy. This ratio is similar to
that in the interarm but is ten times smaller than those of the spiral arms.
Only 6 of the 70 Warp clouds show signs of star formation at the IRAS
sensitivity and star formation efficiency for high-mass stars in the Warp is
found to be smaller than those in other molecular clouds in the Galaxy.Comment: 29 pages, including 12 (pages of) figures, accepted for PASJ, and
will be published in PASJ Vol.57, No.6. Tables and color-figures are
available on-line:
http://www.a.phys.nagoya-u.ac.jp/~masa/study/nakagawa_etal2005_warp.pd
DeepSaucer: Unified Environment for Verifying Deep Neural Networks
In recent years, a number of methods for verifying DNNs have been developed.
Because the approaches of the methods differ and have their own limitations, we
think that a number of verification methods should be applied to a developed
DNN. To apply a number of methods to the DNN, it is necessary to translate
either the implementation of the DNN or the verification method so that one
runs in the same environment as the other. Since those translations are
time-consuming, a utility tool, named DeepSaucer, which helps to retain and
reuse implementations of DNNs, verification methods, and their environments, is
proposed. In DeepSaucer, code snippets of loading DNNs, running verification
methods, and creating their environments are retained and reused as software
assets in order to reduce cost of verifying DNNs. The feasibility of DeepSaucer
is confirmed by implementing it on the basis of Anaconda, which provides
virtual environment for loading a DNN and running a verification method. In
addition, the effectiveness of DeepSaucer is demonstrated by usecase examples
Ergot alkaloids : the first and five step total syntheses of (-)-and (+)-6,7-secoagroclavines, and syntheses of (-)-and (+)-6-nor-6-propyl-6, 7-secoagroclaines ((-)-and (+)-kstu 1415)
金沢大学大学院自然科学研究科生理活性物質科学金沢大学薬学
Lithiation of 3-dimethylaminomethyl- and 3-dimethylamino-ethyl-1-methoxyindole derivatives
金沢大学大学院自然科学研究科生理活性物質科学金沢大学薬学
Simple total syntheses of (-)-ergot alkaloids and their (+)-enantiomers by a common synthesis method utilizing optical resolution
金沢大学大学院自然科学研究科生理活性物質科学金沢大学薬学部The first and simple total syntheses of (-)-isochanoclavine-1 ((-)-1b), (-)-agroclavine ((-)-3), (-)-agroclavine-1 ((-)-4), and (-)-norchanoclavine-1 ((-)-5c) and their (+)-enantiomers are achieved from indole-3-carboxaldehyde (8) by a common synthesis method utilizing optical resolution. Absolute configuration of (-)-agroclavine-1 is determined to be 5R and 10S for the first time. Preparations of both enantiomers of chanoclavine-1 (1c) are also included
Time-evolution of Peak Energy and Luminosity Relation within Pulses for GRB 061007: Probing Fireball Dynamics
We perform a time-resolved spectral analysis of bright, long Gamma-ray burst
GRB 061007 using Suzaku/WAM and Swift/BAT. Thanks to the large effective area
of the WAM, we can investigate the time evolution of the spectral peak energy,
Et_peak and the luminosity Lt_iso with 1-sec time resolution, and we find that
luminosity Lt_iso with 1-sec time resolution, and we find that the
time-resolved pulses also satisfy the Epeak-Liso relation, which was found for
the time-averaged spectra of other bursts, suggesting the same physical
conditions in each pulse. Furthermore, the initial rising phase of each pulse
could be an outlier of this relation with higher Et_peak value by about factor
2. This difference could suggest that the fireball radius expands by a factor
of 2-4 and/or bulk Lorentz factor of the fireball is decelerated by a factor of
4 during the initial phase, providing a new probe of the fireball dynamics in
real time.Comment: 21 pages, 16 figures, accepted for publication in PAS
Corticospinal excitability modulation in resting digit muscles during cyclical movement of the digits of the ipsilateral limb
We investigated how corticospinal excitability of the resting digit muscles was modulated by the digit movement in the ipsilateral limb. Subjects performed cyclical extension-flexion movements of either the right toes or fingers. To determine whether corticospinal excitability of the resting digit muscles was modulated on the basis of movement direction or action coupling between ipsilateral digits, the right forearm was maintained in either the pronated or supinated position. During the movement, the motor evoked potential (MEP) elicited by transcranial magnetic stimulation was measured from either the resting right finger extensor and flexor, or toe extensor and flexor. For both finger and toe muscles, independent of forearm position, MEP amplitude of the flexor was greater during ipsilateral digit flexion as compared to extension, and MEP amplitude of the extensor was greater during ipsilateral digit extension as compared to flexion. An exception was that MEP amplitude of the toe flexor with the supinated forearm did not differ between during finger extension and flexion. These findings suggest that digit movement modulates corticospinal excitability of the digits of the ipsilateral limb such that the same action is preferred. Our results provide evidence for a better understanding of neural interactions between ipsilateral limbs, and may thus contribute to neurorehabilitation after a stroke or incomplete spinal cord injury
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