11 research outputs found
Stress intensity and performance capabilities of law enforcement officers
We discuss the problem of the stress influence on the performance of law enforcement officers. The importance of the stress connection with psychological and psychophysical functioning is caused by the fact that many professional tasks solving is possible only in case of effective adaptation to the difficult conditions of work. The concepts such as stress and performance, as well as the mechanisms of biological adaptation to stress and the effects of stress on the individual police officer, are considered. Attention is paid to the differences between male and female stress and causes of stress in occupations with a large amount of communication activity. We conducted an empirical study in which we investigated the relationship of stress severity and the performance of law enforcement officers, as well as the differences in law enforcement employees performance depending on stress presence, its level, and gender
Formation of paremiological competence using mobile applications in a foreign language lesson in elementary school
This article is devoted to the study of the conditions for the formation of paremiological competence in a foreign language lesson using mobile applications. Their usage allows to improve the quality of the process of learning foreign language thanks to the elements of interactivity. Mobile applications provide the ability of flexible adaptation of educational content to the individual needs of the teacher. Using the mobile application called ‘Quizlet’ is one of the most effective ways to form the paremiological component of communicative competence in schoolchildren at the initial stage of education. The success of using this mobile application in teaching English vocabulary is confirmed by the results of the pedagogical experiment
Physiological and genetic components of black rot resistance in double haploid lines of brassica rapa L.
In some vegetation seasons black rot may damage up to 80 % of cabbage, turnip, rapeseed, mustard crop all over the world including Russia. To prevent the spread of black rot is difficult, and it is almost impossible to fight a pathogen penetrating into a susceptible plant. Among Brassica rapa L., the disease is most dangerous for root crops and leaf crops. Data on loci which determine the plant-specific resistance of B. rapa plants to black rot is still extremely limited. This study is the first to estimate resistance to four races of Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris (Pam.) Dow., the causative agent of black rot in Brassicaceae, in the lines of doubled haploids of two B. rapa mapping populations, DH38 (Р175 ½ P143) and DH30 (P115 ½ Р143). Here, we report data on identification and mapping the linkage groups and QTLs associated with physiological resistance to strains PHW231 (race 1), HRI5212 (race 3), HRI1279а (race 4), and В-32 (race 6). For three of these races, OTLs have not been mapped so far. The study revealed lines which were resistant or hypersensitive to the four races of black rot agent. Monogenic non-linked inheritance of resistance to these races prevailed. Significant correlation was found between response to an individual strain and general infection in plants. A total of 13 QTLs which control resistance to four races of the black rot pathogen were identified for DH30 population and 19 QTLs were found for DH38 population. All detected loci did not change their localization during two years of investigation. The most important loci responsible for manifestation of physiology resistance to different races of black rot pathogen in DH30 were mapped in the linage groups A01, A03 and A07, whereas in DH38 these were in A03, A06 and A08. SSR analysis of the lines contrast in resistance to individual races of the pathogen revealed the microsatellite markers linked to the loci which control resistance to several races of black rot agent. So we have found effective molecular descriptors of B. rapa black rot resistance to each race separately and to the pathogen as such. The obtained data are of interest in elucidation of basic physiological and genetic mechanisms of gene-to-gene interaction and B. rapa resistance to different races of X. campestris pv. campestris. © 2018 Russian Academy of Agricultural Sciences. All right reserved
ФИЗИОЛОГО-ГЕНЕТИЧЕСКИЕ КОМПОНЕНТЫ УСТОЙЧИВОСТИ К СОСУДИСТОМУ БАКТЕРИОЗУ У ЛИНИЙ УДВОЕННЫХ ГАПЛОИДОВ <i>Brassica rapa</i> L
In some vegetation seasons black rot may damage up to 80 % of cabbage, turnip, rapeseed, mustard crop all over the world including Russia. To prevent the spread of black rot is difficult, and it is almost impossible to fight a pathogen penetrating into a susceptible plant. Among Brassica rapa L., the disease is most dangerous for root crops and leaf crops. Data on loci which determine the plant-specific resistance of B. rapa plants to black rot is still extremely limited. This study is the first to estimate resistance to four races of Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris (Pam.) Dow., the causative agent of black rot in Brassicaceae, in the lines of doubled haploids of two B. rapa mapping populations, DH38 (♀Р175 x ♂P143) and DH30 (♀P115 x ♂Р143). Here, we report data on identification and mapping the linkage groups and QTLs associated with physiological resistance to strains PHW231 (race 1), HRI5212 (race 3), HRI1279а (race 4), and В-32 (race 6). For three of these races, OTLs have not been mapped so far. The study revealed lines which were resistant or hypersensitive to the four races of black rot agent. Monogenic non-linked inheritance of resistance to these races prevailed. Significant correlation was found between response to an individual strain and general infection in plants. A total of 13 QTLs which control resistance to four races of the black rot pathogen were identified for DH30 population and 19 QTLs were found for DH38 population. All detected loci did not change their localization during two years of investigation. The most important loci responsible for manifestation of physiology resistance to different races of black rot pathogen in DH30 were mapped in the linage groups A01, A03 and A07, whereas in DH38 these were in A03, A06 and A08. SSR analysis of the lines contrast in resistance to individual races of the pathogen revealed the microsatellite markers linked to the loci which control resistance to several races of black rot agent. So we have found effective molecular descriptors of B. rapa black rot resistance to each race separately and to the pathogen as such. The obtained data are of interest in elucidation of basic physiological and genetic mechanisms of gene-to-gene interaction and B. rapa resistance to different races of X. campestris pv. campestris.В отдельные годы сосудистый бактериоз поражает до 80 % посевов капусты, репы, рапса, горчицы, в том числе в России. Предотвратить распространение сосудистого бактериоза трудно, а бороться с патогеном, проникшим в восприимчивое растение, практически невозможно. У Brassica rapa L. болезнь наиболее опасна для корнеплодных реп и листовых культур. Сведения о расположении локусов, определяющих расоспецифическую устойчивость растений B. rapa к сосудистому бактериозу, пока крайне ограничены. Нами впервые проведена оценка устойчивости линий удвоенных гаплоидов двух картирующих популяций B. rapa - DH38 (♀Р175 x ♂P143) и DH30 (♀P115 x ♂Р143) к штаммам четырех рас Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris (Pam.) Dow. (PHW231, раса 1; HRI5212, раса 3; HRI1279а, раса 4; В-32, раса 6), вызывающих сосудистый бактериоз у растений семейства Brassicaceae, на основании чего идентифицированы и локализованы на хромосомах группы сцепления и QTL (quantitative trait loci), вовлеченные в формирование физиологической устойчивости B. rapa к четырем расам X. campestris pv. campestris, для трех из которых картирования QTL ранее не проводились. В результате исследований выявлены линии, показывающие устойчивость или реакцию сверхчувствительности к четырем различным расам возбудителя сосудистого бактериоза. Отмечено преимущественно моногенное несцепленное наследование признака устойчивости ко всем четырем расам X. campestris pv. campestris. Существенная корреляция была обнаружена между реакцией на индивидуальные штаммы и суммарной пораженностью растений. Проведенный QTL-анализ позволил найти для популяции DH30 13 QTL, контролирующих признаки устойчивости к четырем расам возбудителя сосудистого бактериоза, для популяции DH38 - 19 QTL. При этом в течение 2 лет наблюдений все выявленные локусы стабильно сохраняли свою позицию. Наиболее важные генетические локусы, отвечающие за проявление признака физиологической устойчивости к различным расам этого патогена у DH30 B. rapa, располагались в группах сцепления A01, А03 и А07, а наиболее существенные локусы устойчивости к сосудистому бактериозу у линий DH38 - в А03, А06 и А08. С помощью молекулярно-генетических маркеров, выявленных в группах сцепления, провели SSR-анализ контрастных по устойчивости к отдельным расам сосудистого бактериоза линий картирующих популяций, в результате которого были обнаружены микросателлитные маркеры локусов устойчивости к нескольким расам возбудителя сосудистого бактериоза. Выявлены эффективные молекулярно-генетические дескрипторы вида по устойчивости к сосудистому бактериозу (к каждой расе отдельно и к патогену в целом). Полученные данные представляют интерес для понимания основ физиолого-генетического взаимодействия «ген-на-ген» и механизмов устойчивости B. rapa к различным расам X. campestris pv. campestris, вызывающим сосудистый бактериоз
Physiological and genetic components of black rot resistance in double haploid lines of brassica rapa L.
In some vegetation seasons black rot may damage up to 80 % of cabbage, turnip, rapeseed, mustard crop all over the world including Russia. To prevent the spread of black rot is difficult, and it is almost impossible to fight a pathogen penetrating into a susceptible plant. Among Brassica rapa L., the disease is most dangerous for root crops and leaf crops. Data on loci which determine the plant-specific resistance of B. rapa plants to black rot is still extremely limited. This study is the first to estimate resistance to four races of Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris (Pam.) Dow., the causative agent of black rot in Brassicaceae, in the lines of doubled haploids of two B. rapa mapping populations, DH38 (Р175 ½ P143) and DH30 (P115 ½ Р143). Here, we report data on identification and mapping the linkage groups and QTLs associated with physiological resistance to strains PHW231 (race 1), HRI5212 (race 3), HRI1279а (race 4), and В-32 (race 6). For three of these races, OTLs have not been mapped so far. The study revealed lines which were resistant or hypersensitive to the four races of black rot agent. Monogenic non-linked inheritance of resistance to these races prevailed. Significant correlation was found between response to an individual strain and general infection in plants. A total of 13 QTLs which control resistance to four races of the black rot pathogen were identified for DH30 population and 19 QTLs were found for DH38 population. All detected loci did not change their localization during two years of investigation. The most important loci responsible for manifestation of physiology resistance to different races of black rot pathogen in DH30 were mapped in the linage groups A01, A03 and A07, whereas in DH38 these were in A03, A06 and A08. SSR analysis of the lines contrast in resistance to individual races of the pathogen revealed the microsatellite markers linked to the loci which control resistance to several races of black rot agent. So we have found effective molecular descriptors of B. rapa black rot resistance to each race separately and to the pathogen as such. The obtained data are of interest in elucidation of basic physiological and genetic mechanisms of gene-to-gene interaction and B. rapa resistance to different races of X. campestris pv. campestris. © 2018 Russian Academy of Agricultural Sciences. All right reserved
ФИЗИОЛОГО-ГЕНЕТИЧЕСКИЕ КОМПОНЕНТЫ УСТОЙЧИВОСТИ К СОСУДИСТОМУ БАКТЕРИОЗУ У ЛИНИЙ УДВОЕННЫХ ГАПЛОИДОВ <i>Brassica rapa</i> L
In some vegetation seasons black rot may damage up to 80 % of cabbage, turnip, rapeseed, mustard crop all over the world including Russia. To prevent the spread of black rot is difficult, and it is almost impossible to fight a pathogen penetrating into a susceptible plant. Among Brassica rapa L., the disease is most dangerous for root crops and leaf crops. Data on loci which determine the plant-specific resistance of B. rapa plants to black rot is still extremely limited. This study is the first to estimate resistance to four races of Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris (Pam.) Dow., the causative agent of black rot in Brassicaceae, in the lines of doubled haploids of two B. rapa mapping populations, DH38 (♀Р175 x ♂P143) and DH30 (♀P115 x ♂Р143). Here, we report data on identification and mapping the linkage groups and QTLs associated with physiological resistance to strains PHW231 (race 1), HRI5212 (race 3), HRI1279а (race 4), and В-32 (race 6). For three of these races, OTLs have not been mapped so far. The study revealed lines which were resistant or hypersensitive to the four races of black rot agent. Monogenic non-linked inheritance of resistance to these races prevailed. Significant correlation was found between response to an individual strain and general infection in plants. A total of 13 QTLs which control resistance to four races of the black rot pathogen were identified for DH30 population and 19 QTLs were found for DH38 population. All detected loci did not change their localization during two years of investigation. The most important loci responsible for manifestation of physiology resistance to different races of black rot pathogen in DH30 were mapped in the linage groups A01, A03 and A07, whereas in DH38 these were in A03, A06 and A08. SSR analysis of the lines contrast in resistance to individual races of the pathogen revealed the microsatellite markers linked to the loci which control resistance to several races of black rot agent. So we have found effective molecular descriptors of B. rapa black rot resistance to each race separately and to the pathogen as such. The obtained data are of interest in elucidation of basic physiological and genetic mechanisms of gene-to-gene interaction and B. rapa resistance to different races of X. campestris pv. campestris.В отдельные годы сосудистый бактериоз поражает до 80 % посевов капусты, репы, рапса, горчицы, в том числе в России. Предотвратить распространение сосудистого бактериоза трудно, а бороться с патогеном, проникшим в восприимчивое растение, практически невозможно. У Brassica rapa L. болезнь наиболее опасна для корнеплодных реп и листовых культур. Сведения о расположении локусов, определяющих расоспецифическую устойчивость растений B. rapa к сосудистому бактериозу, пока крайне ограничены. Нами впервые проведена оценка устойчивости линий удвоенных гаплоидов двух картирующих популяций B. rapa - DH38 (♀Р175 x ♂P143) и DH30 (♀P115 x ♂Р143) к штаммам четырех рас Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris (Pam.) Dow. (PHW231, раса 1; HRI5212, раса 3; HRI1279а, раса 4; В-32, раса 6), вызывающих сосудистый бактериоз у растений семейства Brassicaceae, на основании чего идентифицированы и локализованы на хромосомах группы сцепления и QTL (quantitative trait loci), вовлеченные в формирование физиологической устойчивости B. rapa к четырем расам X. campestris pv. campestris, для трех из которых картирования QTL ранее не проводились. В результате исследований выявлены линии, показывающие устойчивость или реакцию сверхчувствительности к четырем различным расам возбудителя сосудистого бактериоза. Отмечено преимущественно моногенное несцепленное наследование признака устойчивости ко всем четырем расам X. campestris pv. campestris. Существенная корреляция была обнаружена между реакцией на индивидуальные штаммы и суммарной пораженностью растений. Проведенный QTL-анализ позволил найти для популяции DH30 13 QTL, контролирующих признаки устойчивости к четырем расам возбудителя сосудистого бактериоза, для популяции DH38 - 19 QTL. При этом в течение 2 лет наблюдений все выявленные локусы стабильно сохраняли свою позицию. Наиболее важные генетические локусы, отвечающие за проявление признака физиологической устойчивости к различным расам этого патогена у DH30 B. rapa, располагались в группах сцепления A01, А03 и А07, а наиболее существенные локусы устойчивости к сосудистому бактериозу у линий DH38 - в А03, А06 и А08. С помощью молекулярно-генетических маркеров, выявленных в группах сцепления, провели SSR-анализ контрастных по устойчивости к отдельным расам сосудистого бактериоза линий картирующих популяций, в результате которого были обнаружены микросателлитные маркеры локусов устойчивости к нескольким расам возбудителя сосудистого бактериоза. Выявлены эффективные молекулярно-генетические дескрипторы вида по устойчивости к сосудистому бактериозу (к каждой расе отдельно и к патогену в целом). Полученные данные представляют интерес для понимания основ физиолого-генетического взаимодействия «ген-на-ген» и механизмов устойчивости B. rapa к различным расам X. campestris pv. campestris, вызывающим сосудистый бактериоз