53 research outputs found
Fitting the integrated Spectral Energy Distributions of Galaxies
- Author
- A. Boselli
- A. Bressan
- A. Buzzoni
- A. Dotter
- A. Efstathiou
- A. Ferrara
- A. Gallazzi
- A. Gallazzi
- A. Gil de Paz
- A. Heavens
- A. Kaviani
- A. Lançon
- A. Lançon
- A. Leger
- A. Maeder
- A. Misiriotis
- A. Muzzin
- A. Muzzin
- A. Oemler Jr.
- A. Pietrinferni
- A. Renzini
- A. Vazdekis
- A. Weiss
- A. Wel van der
- A.A. Collister
- A.C. Quillen
- A.E. Firth
- A.E. Piskunov
- A.F. Heavens
- A.G. Bruzual
- A.J. Cenarro
- A.J. Cenarro
- A.J. Connolly
- A.J. Connolly
- A.K. Inoue
- A.L. Kinney
- A.N. Witt
- A.N. Witt
- A.N. Witt
- A.P. Jones
- A.U. Landolt
- B. Czerny
- B. Draine
- B. Groves
- B. Guiderdoni
- B. Guiderdoni
- B. Magnelli
- B. Rogers
- B. Rogers
- B. Salasnich
- B. Tian
- B. Vollmer
- B.D. Johnson
- B.D. Johnson
- B.M. Tinsley
- B.T. Draine
- B.T. Draine
- B.T. Draine
- Brent Groves
- C. Barbaro
- C. Chiosi
- C. Conroy
- C. Conroy
- C. Conroy
- C. Leitherer
- C. Maraston
- C. Maraston
- C. Maraston
- C. Papovich
- C. Robert
- C. Vlahakis
- C. Wolf
- C.A. Tremonti
- C.C. Popescu
- C.C. Popescu
- C.D. Andriesse
- C.G. Lacey
- C.J. Lonsdale
- C.J. Walcher
- C.J. Walcher
- C.W. Bauschlicher
- D. Borgne Le
- D. Burgarella
- D. Burstein
- D. Calzetti
- D. Calzetti
- D. Calzetti
- D. Calzetti
- D. Carter
- D. Pierini
- D. Thomas
- D. Thomas
- D.A. Dale
- D.A. Dale
- D.A. Dale
- D.A. Dale
- D.B. Sanders
- D.C. Koo
- D.J. Hollenbach
- D.L. Clements
- D.M. Wittman
- Daniel Dale
- E. Cunha da
- E. Krugel
- E. Vassiliadis
- E.E. Salpeter
- E.F. Bell
- E.F. Bell
- E.F. Bell
- E.F. Bell
- E.M. Xilouris
- E.M. Xilouris
- E.N. Taylor
- F. Calura
- F. Fontanot
- F. Valdes
- F.E.A. Lamareille
- F.R. Ferraro
- F.X. Desert
- G. Bruzual
- G. Bruzual
- G. Chabrier
- G. Chabrier
- G. Gavazzi
- G. Hensler
- G. Kauffmann
- G. Kauffmann
- G. Kauffmann
- G. Kauffmann
- G. Lagache
- G. Lucia De
- G. Lucia De
- G. Meynet
- G. Worthey
- G.A. Vázquez
- G.A. Vázquez
- G.D. Coleman
- G.H. Rieke
- G.J. Bendo
- G.J. Ferland
- G.J. Ferland
- G.J. Graves
- G.J. Graves
- G.L. Granato
- G.R. Meurer
- H. Gerola
- H. Hippelein
- H. Lee
- H. Wu
- H.W.W. Spoon
- I. Ferreras
- I.G. Roseboom
- J. Brinchmann
- J. Brinchmann
- J. Fischera
- J. Iglesias-Páramo
- J. Koornneef
- J. Schombert
- J. Schulz
- J. Wang
- J.A. Baldwin
- J.A. Cardelli
- J.A. Marshall
- J.A. Rose
- J.C. Weingartner
- J.D.T. Smith
- J.E. Bjorkman
- J.E.G. Devriendt
- J.E.G. Devriendt
- J.F. Borgne Le
- J.J. Dalcanton
- J.J. Wray
- J.K. Adelman-McCarthy
- J.S. Mathis
- J.S. Young
- J.W. Richards
- Jakob Walcher
- K. Bundy
- K. Dolag
- K.A. Misselt
- K.A. Misselt
- K.D. Gordon
- K.D. Gordon
- K.D. Gordon
- K.M. Lanzetta
- K.N. Abazajian
- L. Cortese
- L. Dunne
- L. Dunne
- L. Girardi
- L. Pozzetti
- L. Searle
- L. Silva
- L.A. Nolan
- L.E. Kuchinski
- L.J. Kewley
- L.J. Smith
- L.P. Martins
- L.P. Martins
- M. Baes
- M. Baes
- M. Baes
- M. Baes
- M. Bolzonella
- M. Boquien
- M. Brodwin
- M. Brodwin
- M. Cappellari
- M. Cerviño
- M. Cerviño
- M. Cerviño
- M. Cesetti
- M. Chavez
- M. Cirasuolo
- M. Cirasuolo
- M. Davis
- M. Fioc
- M. Giavalisco
- M. Guillaume
- M. Juvela
- M. Koleva
- M. Kriek
- M. Kriek
- M. Kriek
- M. Longhetti
- M. Mollá
- M. Negrello
- M. Polletta
- M. Rowan-Robinson
- M. Rowan-Robinson
- M. Rowan-Robinson
- M. Rowan-Robinson
- M. Sauvage
- M. Sawicki
- M. Seibert
- M.A. Dopita
- M.A. Dopita
- M.A. Dopita
- M.A. Dopita
- M.A. Weinstein
- M.D. Gregg
- M.G. Hauser
- M.J. Kurtz
- M.J. Sawicki
- M.J. Tripicco
- M.J. Wolf
- M.L. Balogh
- M.R. Blanton
- M.R. Blanton
- N. Benítez
- N. Drory
- N. Scoville
- N.D. Kylafis
- N.I. Agladze
- N.M. Ball
- N.M. Ball
- N.M. Ball
- N.M. Förster Schreiber
- O. Fèvre Le
- O. Ilbert
- O. Ilbert
- O. Ilbert
- P. Anders
- P. Beirão
- P. Coelho
- P. Coelho
- P. Demarque
- P. Guhathakurta
- P. Jonsson
- P. Jonsson
- P. Kroupa
- P. Marigo
- P. Marigo
- P. Noterdaeme
- P. Ocvirk
- P. Ocvirk
- P. Prugniel
- P. Salucci
- P. Serra
- P. Sánchez-Blázquez
- P. Tsalmantza
- P. Tsalmantza
- P. Westera
- P.G. Dokkum van
- P.G. Dokkum van
- P.J. Storey
- P.L. Gómez
- R. Chary
- R. Cid Fernandes
- R. Feldmann
- R. Mandelbaum
- R. Pello
- R. Siebenmorgen
- R. Siebenmorgen
- R. Siebenmorgen
- R. Siebenmorgen
- R. Tojeiro
- R. Tojeiro
- R. Treffers
- R.B. Larson
- R.C. Kennicutt
- R.C. Kennicutt Jr.
- R.C. Kennicutt Jr.
- R.C. Kennicutt Jr.
- R.J. Brunner
- R.J. Tuffs
- R.L. Kurucz
- R.M. González Delgado
- R.M. González Delgado
- R.S. Somerville
- S. Arnouts
- S. Arnouts
- S. Berta
- S. Bianchi
- S. Bianchi
- S. Bianchi
- S. Boissier
- S. Chakrabarti
- S. Charlot
- S. Charlot
- S. Charlot
- S. Cole
- S. Dye
- S. Hatton
- S. Kaviraj
- S. Noll
- S. Noll
- S. Salim
- S. Salim
- S. Salim
- S. Wuyts
- S. Zibetti
- S.A. Rix
- S.A.W. Moore
- S.C. Trager
- S.C. Trager
- S.C. Trager
- S.D.J. Gwyn
- S.J. Lilly
- S.K. Yi
- S.M. Faber
- S.M. Percival
- S.P. Driver
- T. Budavári
- T. Budavári
- T. Budavári
- T. Lejeune
- T. Oosterloo
- T.J. Cox
- Tamás Budavári
- U. Heber
- U. Klaas
- U. Lisenfeld
- V. Buat
- V. Mennella
- V. Springel
- V. Wild
- V. Wild
- V. Zubko
- V.E. Margoniner
- V.L. Sarajedini
- W.A. Baum
- W.C. Keel
- X. Kong
- Y. Kakazu
- Y. Wang
- Y. Xin
- Y. Yamada
- Y. Zhu
- Y.W. Lee
- Z. Han
- Á. Elíasdóttir
- Publication venue
- 'Springer Science and Business Media LLC'
- Publication date
- 02/08/2010
- Field of study
Fitting the spectral energy distributions (SEDs) of galaxies is an almost
universally used technique that has matured significantly in the last decade.
Model predictions and fitting procedures have improved significantly over this
time, attempting to keep up with the vastly increased volume and quality of
available data. We review here the field of SED fitting, describing the
modelling of ultraviolet to infrared galaxy SEDs, the creation of
multiwavelength data sets, and the methods used to fit model SEDs to observed
galaxy data sets. We touch upon the achievements and challenges in the major
ingredients of SED fitting, with a special emphasis on describing the interplay
between the quality of the available data, the quality of the available models,
and the best fitting technique to use in order to obtain a realistic
measurement as well as realistic uncertainties. We conclude that SED fitting
can be used effectively to derive a range of physical properties of galaxies,
such as redshift, stellar masses, star formation rates, dust masses, and
metallicities, with care taken not to over-interpret the available data. Yet
there still exist many issues such as estimating the age of the oldest stars in
a galaxy, finer details ofdust properties and dust-star geometry, and the
influences of poorly understood, luminous stellar types and phases. The
challenge for the coming years will be to improve both the models and the
observational data sets to resolve these uncertainties. The present review will
be made available on an interactive, moderated web page (sedfitting.org), where
the community can access and change the text. The intention is to expand the
text and keep it up to date over the coming years.Comment: 54 pages, 26 figures, Accepted for publication in Astrophysics &
Space Scienc
Beneficiamento de sementes de café e efeitos na qualidade física
- Author
- Publication venue
- 'FapUNIFESP (SciELO)'
- Publication date
- Field of study
Addressing climate change with behavioral science:A global intervention tournament in 63 countries
- Author
- Aglioti Salvatore Maria
- Alfano Mark
- Alvarado-Yepez Andy J.
- Andersen Angélica
- Anseel Frederik
- Apps Matthew A.J.
- Asadli Chillar
- Awuor Fonda Jane
- Azevedo Flavio
- Bak-Coleman Joseph B.
- Basaglia Piero
- Berger Sebastian
- Berkebile-Weinberg Michael M.
- Bertin Paul
- Bialobrzeska Olga
- Białek Michał
- Blaya-Burgo Michelle
- Bleize Daniëlle N.M.
- Boecker Lea
- Boggio Paulo S.
- Borau Sylvie
- Bos Björn
- Bouguettaya Ayoub
- Brauer Markus
- Brick Cameron
- Brik Tymofii
- Briker Roman
- Brosch Tobias
- Buchel Ondrej
- Buonauro Daniel
- Butalia Radhika
- Bélanger Jocelyn J.
- Bø Simen
- Carvacho Héctor
- Chakroff Alek
- Chamberlain Sarah A.E.
- Chan Hang Yee
- Chow Dawn
- Chung Dongil
- Cian Luca
- Cohen-Eick Noa
- Constantino Sara
- Contreras-Huerta Luis Sebastian
- Contu Davide
- Cristea Vladimir
- Cutler Jo
- D'Ottone Silvana
- De Keersmaecker Jonas
- Delcourt Sarah
- Delouvée Sylvain
- Diel Kathi
- Doell Kimberly C.
- Douglas Benjamin D.
- Drupp Moritz A.
- Dubey Shreya
- Ekmanis Jānis
- Elbaek Christian T.
- Elsherif Mahmoud
- Engelhard Iris M.
- Escher Yannik A.
- Etienne Tom W.
- Fang Ke
- Farage Laura
- Farias Ana Rita
- Feuerriegel Stefan
- Findor Andrej
- Freira Lucia
- Friese Malte
- Gains Neil Philip
- Gallyamova Albina
- Geiger Sandra J.
- Genschow Oliver
- Gjoneska Biljana
- Gkinopoulos Theofilos
- Goldberg Beth
- Goldenberg Amit
- Goldwert Danielle
- Gradidge Sarah
- Grassini Simone
- Gray Kurt
- Grayson Samantha J.
- Grelle Sonja
- Griffin Siobhán M.
- Grigoryan Ani
- Grigoryan Lusine
- Grigoryev Dmitry
- Gruber June
- Guilaran Johnrev
- Hadar Britt
- Hahnel Ulf J.J.
- Halperin Eran
- Harvey Annelie J.
- Haugestad Christian A.P.
- Herman Aleksandra M.
- Hershfield Hal E.
- Himichi Toshiyuki
- Hine Donald W.
- Hofmann Wilhelm
- Howe Lauren
- Huaman-Chulluncuy Enma T.
- Huang Guanxiong
- Huynh Luu Duc Toan
- Ishii Tatsunori
- Ito Ayahito
- Jia Fanli
- Jost John T.
- Jovanović Veljko
- Jurgiel Dominika
- Kankaanpää Reeta
- Kantorowicz Jaroslaw
- Kantorowicz-Reznichenko Elena
- Kaplan Mintz Keren
- Kaya Ilker
- Kaya Ozgur
- Khachatryan Narine
- Klas Anna
- Klein Colin
- Klöckner Christian A.
- Koppel Lina
- Kosachenko Alexandra I.
- Kothe Emily J.
- Krebs Ruth
- Krosch Amy R.
- Krouwel Andre P.M.
- Kyrychenko Yara
- Kácha Ondřej
- Lagomarsino Maria
- Lamm Claus
- Lange Florian
- Lee Cunningham Julia
- Lees Jeffrey
- Leung Tak Yan
- Levy Neil
- Lockwood Patricia L.
- Longoni Chiara
- Loschelder David D.
- Lu Jackson G.
- Luo Yu
- Luomba Joseph
- Lutz Annika E.
- López Ortega Alberto
- Majer Johann M.
- Markowitz Ezra
- Marsh Abigail A.
- Mascarenhas Karen Louise
- Mbilingi Bwambale
- Mbungu Winfred
- McHugh Cillian
- Meijers Marijn H.C.
- Mercier Hugo
- Mhagama Fenant Laurent
- Michalakis Katerina
- Mikus Nace
- Milliron Sarah
- Mitkidis Panagiotis
- Monge-Rodríguez Fredy S.
- Mora Youri L.
- Morais Michael J.
- Moreau David
- Motoki Kosuke
- Moyano Manuel
- Mus Mathilde
- Navajas Joaquin
- Nguyen Dung Minh
- Nguyen Tam Luong
- Nguyen Trieu
- Niemi Laura
- Nijssen Sari R.R.
- Nilsonne Gustav
- Nitschke Jonas P.
- Nockur Laila
- Okura Ritah
- Palumbo Helena
- Panagopoulos Costas
- Panasiti Maria Serena
- Paruzel-Czachura Mariola
- Patel Yash
- Pavlov Yuri G.
- Payán-Gómez César
- Pearson Adam R.
- Pei Yifei
- Pereira da Costa Leonor
- Petrowsky Hannes M.
- Pfattheicher Stefan
- Pham Nhat Tan
- Ponizovskiy Vladimir
- Pretus Clara
- Pronizius Ekaterina
- Pärnamets Philip
- Rathje Steve
- Reimann Ritsaart
- Rhoads Shawn A.
- Riano-Moreno Julian
- Richter Isabell
- Rosa-Sullivan Jahred
- Ross Robert M.
- Rêgo Gabriel G.
- Röer Jan Philipp
- Sabherwal Anandita
- Saito Toshiki
- Sarrasin Oriane
- Say Nicolas
- Schmid Katharina
- Schmitt Michael T.
- Schoenegger Philipp
- Scholz Christin
- Schug Mariah G.
- Schulreich Stefan
- Schumann Philipp
- Shreedhar Ganga
- Shuman Eric
- Sivan Smadar
- Sjåstad Hallgeir
- Soliman Meikel
- Soud Katia
- Spampatti Tobia
- Sparkman Gregg
- Spasovski Ognen
- Stanley Samantha K.
- Stern Jessica A.
- Strahm Noel
- Suko Yasushi
- Sul Sunhae
- Syropoulos Stylianos
- Taylor Neil C.
- Tedaldi Elisa
- Tinghög Gustav
- Todorova Boryana
- Travaglino Giovanni Antonio
- Tsakiris Manos
- Tyrala Michael
- Tüter İlayda
- Uluğ Özden Melis
- Urbanek Arkadiusz
- Valko Danila
- Van Bavel Jay J.
- van den Broek Karlijn L.
- van der Linden Sander
- van Schie Kevin
- van Stekelenburg Aart
- Vanags Edmunds
- Vesely Stepan
- Vintr Jáchym
- Vlasceanu Denisa
- Vlasceanu Madalina
- Vranka Marek
- Västfjäll Daniel
- Wanguche Patrick Otuo
- Willer Robb
- Wojcik Adrian Dominik
- Xu Rachel
- Yadav Anjali
- Zawisza Magdalena
- Zhao Jiaying
- Zhao Xian
- Öner Sezin
- Özdoğru Asil Ali
- Żuk Dawid
- Publication venue
- Publication date
- 07/02/2024
- Field of study
Recommended from our members
Track A Basic Science
- Author
- Achan J.
- Aguilera‐sandoval C.
- Albanese A.
- Alcamí J.
- Alcamí J.
- Alexandrino‐oliveira P.
- Alkhatib G.
- Allos T.
- Alonso M.
- Alster J.
- Al‐ghazawi F.
- Al‐ghazawi F.
- Amato V.
- Ambrose Z.
- An D.S.
- An P.
- An P.
- Anastos K.
- Anastos K.
- Ancuta P.
- Anderson M.
- Anderson S.
- Andrabi R.
- Apetrei C.
- Ariyoshi K.
- Arthos J.
- Asamitsu K.
- Asmuth D.M.
- Autran B.
- Avettand‐fenoël V.
- Aziz M.
- Bacchetti P.
- Bacchus C.
- Baiduc C.
- Bala M.
- Balakrishnan P.
- Balamurugan A.
- Ball T.
- Ball T.B.
- Ball T.B.
- Bamshad M.
- Barnett S.
- Barry C.
- Baum C.
- Baum L.
- Bean A.
- Beima K.
- Beima‐sofie K.
- Bella D.
- Benati D.
- Benmohamed L.
- Bennett A.
- Berkhout B.
- Bernard N.
- Bielawny T.
- Bielawny T.
- Bigham A.
- Bigham A.
- Biswas A.
- Blackinton J.
- Blanc C.
- Bonaldo M.
- Boufassa F.
- Boulassel M.‐r.
- Boulassel M.‐r.
- Bream J.H.
- Brenchley J.
- Bristol G.
- Bristol G.
- Brouillette M.‐j.
- Brown M.
- Brumme Z.L.
- Buchbinder S.
- Buchholz F.
- Buckingham K.
- Burgener A.
- Burgener A.
- Burger H.
- Bushman F.
- Butler S.
- Camara M.
- Cameron M.
- Cameron P.
- Cameron P.U.
- Cao H.
- Capina R.
- Carfi A.
- Carnathan D.
- Carnathan P.
- Celum C.
- Center R.
- Cervasi B.
- Chahroudi A.
- Chakrabarti L.A.
- Chandra N.
- Chang J.
- Chang L.‐j.
- Charlebois E.
- Chemnitz J.
- Chen Y.
- Chentouffi A.
- Chin J.
- Chomont N.
- Christ F.
- Chu S.
- Churchill M.
- Chusainow J.
- Cianci G.
- Cicala C.
- Cillo A.
- Clark J.
- Clark M.
- Clements J.E.
- Coalter V.
- Coalter V.
- Coiras M.
- Colebunders R.
- Cortado R.
- Cowley D.
- Crespan E.
- Crowe S.
- Cunningham A.
- Cunningham T.
- Custer J.
- Custers‐allen R.
- Cu‐uvin S.
- Czarnecki C.
- Daneau G.
- Daniuk C.
- Das A.T.
- Dasgupta G.
- David P.
- Da‐cruz A.
- De Baetselier P.
- de Bruyn G.
- De Pasquale M.
- de Truchis P.
- Debyser Z.
- Deeks S.
- Deeks S.
- Degrado W.
- Del Prete G.
- Delfraissy J.‐f.
- Demeulemeester J.
- Descours B.
- Desimmie B.A.
- Detels R.
- Detels R.
- Devaraj S.
- Deverasetty S.
- Dey A.
- Diaw P.A.
- Dieye T.N.
- Dinh M.
- Doerfler W.
- Doitsh G.
- Donald J.
- Doncel G.
- Doncel G.
- Donfield S.
- Doster M.
- Douek D.
- Durkin H.
- D’Aquila R.
- Easely R.
- Ellenberg P.
- Eller L.A.
- Else J.
- Ende Z.
- Epling L.
- Eriksson S.
- Estes J.
- Estes J.
- Estes J.D.
- Evans V.
- Fall M.
- Faller E.
- Faller E.
- Fang J.
- Faria N.R.
- Fast R.
- Fauci A.
- Fecek R.
- Fernandez S.
- Fitzgerald W.
- Fleyfel I.
- Flynn N.M.
- Fowke K.
- Fowke K.R.
- Franchini G.
- Franks T.
- Freel S.
- French A.
- French M.
- Friend D.
- Galler R.
- Gallien S.
- Galloway N.
- Gama L.
- Garcia J.‐c.
- Garcia‐bermejo L.
- Gawanbacht A.
- Giacoia‐gripp C.
- Gioia C.
- Goedert J.
- Golub E.
- Gonzalez N.
- Gordon S.
- Gorry P.
- Gosselin A.
- Goto H.
- Goupil M.
- Graham D.R.
- Gray L.
- Gray R.
- Greenblatt R.
- Greene W.
- Greene W.C.
- Greenspan D.
- Gregg E.
- Grinzstejn B.
- Grivel J.‐c.
- Grivel J.‐c.
- Grundhoff A.
- Guendel I.
- Guerra J.
- Gulzar N.
- Hao X.P.
- Haret‐richter G.
- Harman A.
- Hartog K.
- Hauber I.
- Hauber J.
- Havlir D.V.
- Hazuda D.
- Hearps A.
- Hecht F.M.
- Henrich T.J.
- Hernandez‐novoa B.
- Herrera R.
- Hiatt J.
- Hibi Y.
- Hirbod T.
- Hirsch V.M.
- Ho T.
- Ho V.
- Hocqueloux L.
- Hodzic E.
- Hofmann‐sieber H.
- Hope T.
- Hosoya N.
- Huang L.‐m.
- Huang W.
- Hunt P.
- Hutter G.
- Iglesias‐ussel M.
- Iglesias‐ussel M.
- Introini A.
- Iriele R.
- Iwabu Y.
- Iwamoto A.
- Jacobson L.P.
- Jadlowsky J.
- Jakobsen B.
- Jaworowski A.
- Jeannin P.
- Jelicic K.
- Jenabian M.‐a.
- Jessen H.
- Johnson T.
- John‐stewart G.
- John‐stewart G.
- Josefsson L.
- Juno J.
- Kajaste‐rudnitski A.
- Kakal J.
- Kared H.
- Karim S.S.A.
- Kariri T.
- Kashanchi F.
- Kassa A.
- Kaul R.
- Kawana‐tachikawa A.
- Keele B.
- Keene J.
- Kehn‐hall K.
- Kelleher A.
- Kelleher A.
- Kema I.
- Kemal K.
- Kestens L.
- Kestens L.
- Kigozi G.
- Kikuchi T.
- Killian M.
- Killian M.
- Kim S.
- Kimani J.
- Kimani J.
- Kimani J.
- Kimani J.
- Kimani M.
- Kirchhoff F.
- Kirk G.
- Kiser P.
- Kiser R.
- Kiser R.
- Kitchen S.
- Klaric K.‐a.
- Klase Z.
- Kline C.
- Knight T.H.
- Knox J.
- Kobinger G.
- Koga M.
- Kong X.
- Korn K.
- Kourteva Y.
- Kovochich M.
- Kristoff J.
- Kumar N.
- Kumar P.
- Kumar R.
- Kumarasamy N.
- Kuritzkes D.R.
- Kwok W.W.
- La D.
- Labranche C.
- Lacap P.
- Lacasce A.S.
- Lajoie J.
- Lajoie J.
- Lam L.
- Lamas M.
- Lambotte O.
- Landay A.
- Lara A.
- Lebouché B.
- Lemaître F.
- Lemey P.
- Lepik C.
- Levin B.
- Levy D.N.
- Lewin S.
- Lewin S.
- Lewin S.R.
- Li J.Z.
- Li P.
- Li Y.
- Liang B.
- Lifson J.
- Lifson J.
- Lifson J.
- Lindoso J.A.
- Lingappa J.
- Lingappa J.R.
- Lisco A.
- Liu C.
- Liyanage N.
- Loeb L.
- Lu S.
- Luo M.
- Luo M.
- Luo Y.
- Luthra K.
- López‐huertas M.r.
- Ma D.
- Ma Z.‐m.
- Macallister R.
- Mackelprang R.
- Mackelprang R.D.
- Mackenzie C.
- MacPherson P.
- MacPherson P.
- Madlala P.
- Madrid‐elena N.
- Madzimure D.
- Magpantay L.
- Mahmood F.
- Mailliard R.
- Maisa A.
- Maleche‐obimbo E.
- Mankowski J.L.
- Mann S.
- Manz M.
- Marchionni L.
- Marelli S.
- Margolis L.
- Markowitz M.
- Marsden M.
- Martin J.
- Martinez‐maza O.
- Martins M.
- Mascola J.R.
- Massinga‐loembe M.
- Mata M.
- Mateos E.
- Mattos M.
- Mauck C.
- Mayer K.H.
- Mboup S.
- McCune J.M.
- McElrath J.
- McKee K.
- McRaven M.
- Mehta R.
- Mellors J.
- Mellors J.
- Mendoza L.
- Meulendyke K.A.
- Micci L.
- Miller C.J.
- Miura T.
- Mogk K.
- Monroe K.
- Montefiori D.
- Monteiro P.
- Montero M.
- Moreno S.
- Morgado M.
- Moriuchi H.
- Moriuchi M.
- Mudenge B.
- Mudenge G.
- Muesing M.
- Mugo N.
- Mukherjee N.
- Mukherjee R.
- Muller J.
- Mullins J.
- Munawwar A.
- Munch J.
- Murugavel K.G.
- Mwanjewe J.
- Mélard A.
- Nair A.
- Nandi A.
- Narayansingh M.
- Nawaz F.
- Ndjomou J.
- Ndung’u T.
- Nekhai S.
- Ngugi E.
- Ngwende S.
- Nijhuis M.
- Nomura S.
- Nowicki M.
- Ocwieja K.
- Ohlson E.
- Okamoto T.
- Okocha Z.
- Oliveira‐neto M.
- Olson J.
- Oswald K.
- Pahwa S.
- Paiardini M.
- Paiardini M.
- Palefsky J.
- Pallikkuth S.
- Palmer C.S.
- Palmer S.
- Pandrea I.
- Parmar P.
- Parmar P.
- Pascuccio M.
- Patel M.
- Pathipvanich P.
- Pegu P.
- Pereira C.
- Pereira C.F.
- Pereyra F.
- Perez‐patrigeon S.
- Peters H.
- Peterson T.
- Phair J.
- Piatak M.
- Piatakjr M.
- Pickford C.
- Pillet S.
- Pilon R.
- Pinto J.C.
- Plummer F.
- Plummer F.
- Plummer F.A.
- Plummer F.A.
- Poli G.
- Poole L.
- Poongulali S.
- Prego C.
- Prodger J.
- Queen S.E.
- Raes G.
- Rahman S.
- Rainer A.
- Rana S.
- Rathnayake V.
- Regis E.
- Rezek V.
- Richardson B.
- Richardson M.
- Riley J.L.
- Rinaldo C.
- Rinaldo C.R.
- Roan N.
- Rojanawiwat A.
- Romerio F.
- Romerio F.
- Ronald A.
- Routy J.‐p.
- Routy J.‐p.
- Rouzioux C.
- Ruel T.
- Russo J.
- Sacha J.
- Saez‐cirion A.
- Saleh S.
- Saleh S.
- Saleh S.
- Sampey G.
- Samri A.
- Sanchez R.
- Sandstrom P.
- Sant N.
- Santos‐oliveira J.
- Sargeant D.
- Sarkar P.
- Sarr S.
- Sawanpanyalert P.
- Schadt E.
- Schambach A.
- Schiller M.
- Schwing C.
- Sciaranghella G.
- Scott J.K.
- Sekaly R.‐p.
- Seydi M.
- Shacklett B.L.
- Shafagati N.
- Shao W.
- Shaw S.
- Shelke N.
- Sherrill‐mix S.
- Shimizu S.
- Shoba R.
- Shoemaker R.
- Shrestha S.
- Sibeko S.
- Silvestri G.
- Silvestri G.
- Silvestri G.
- Sinclair E.
- Sinclair E.
- Singh R.
- Singh S.
- Slama L.
- Smedley J.
- Smith‐burchnell C.
- Solomon S.
- Solomon S.S.
- Somsouk M.
- Sow P.S.
- Srivastava I.
- Stevenson M.
- Sugden S.
- Sun Y.
- Suree N.
- Swathirajan C.R.
- Symons J.
- Sánchez Del Cojo M.
- Tabb B.
- Tan Gana N.
- Tan A.
- Tan C.
- Tang D.
- Thaisri H.
- Thavaneswaran S.
- Thompson M.
- Thurman A.
- Thèze J.
- Tokunaga K.
- Tomaras G.
- Tran Thi Thanh H.
- Tran M.V.
- Travers K.
- Tremblay C.
- Tremblay C.
- Trinité B.
- Trocha A.
- Trubey C.M.
- Tsai S.
- Tsuchida E.
- Tsuchiya N.
- Tuff J.
- Tugizov S.
- Tyagi M.
- Tyagi M.
- Vaccari M.
- Van den Bergh R.
- Van Duyne R.
- van Ham P.
- Van Ryk D.
- Vandekerckhove L.
- Vanpouille C.
- Vatakis D.
- Veloso de Santana M.
- Veluppillai P.
- Vicenzi E.
- Victoriano A.F.B.
- Vignesh R.
- Villahoz‐baleta A.
- Villinger F.
- Vingert B.
- Vinton C.
- Vojnov L.
- Wachihi C.
- Wachihi C.
- Wachihi C.
- Wachihi C.
- Wacleche V.S.
- Wai J.
- Walker B.D.
- Wamalwa D.
- Wang S.
- Watkins D.
- Weber S.
- Wei D.
- Weiser B.
- Welsh C.
- Wensing A.
- Werner L.
- Wesselingh S.
- Westby M.
- Wig N.
- Wiles A.
- Wiles R.
- Wilson K.
- Wilson N.
- Winkler C.
- Winkler C.A.
- Wong G.
- Wong J.
- Wu S.
- Xu C.L.
- Yang O.
- Yang Z.
- Yeh Y.
- Yotter T.
- Yuan X.‐y.
- Yuste E.
- Zack J.
- Zack J.
- Zepeda O.
- Zhou J.
- Ziegler P.
- Zink M.C.
- Zirafi O.
- Zobrist S.
- Publication venue
- 'International AIDS Society'
- Publication date
- 01/10/2012
- Field of study
Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/138319/1/jia218438.pd
Repositioning of the global epicentre of non-optimal cholesterol
- Author
- Aadahl M.
- Abarca-Gómez L.
- Abu-Rmeileh N.M.
- Acosta-Cazares B.
- Adams R.J.
- Aekplakorn W.
- Agdeppa I.A.
- Aghazadeh-Attari J.
- Aguilar-Salinas C.A.
- Agyemang C.
- Ahluwalia T.S.
- Ahmad N.A.
- Ahmadi A.
- Ahmadi N.
- Ahmed S.H.
- Ahrens W.
- Ajlouni K.
- al-Safi Ismail A.
- Alarouj M.
- AlBuhairan F.
- AlDhukair S.
- Ali M.M.
- Alkandari A.
- Alkerwi A.
- Aly E.
- Amarapurkar D.N.
- Amouyel P.
- Andersen L.B.
- Anderssen S.A.
- Anjana R.M.
- Ansari-Moghaddam A.
- Aounallah-Skhiri H.
- Araújo J.
- Ariansen I.
- Aris T.
- Arku R.E.
- Arlappa N.
- Aryal K.K.
- Asghari G.
- Aspelund T.
- Assunção M.C.F.
- Auvinen J.
- Avdicová M.
- Azevedo A.
- Azizi F.
- Azmin M.
- Balakrishna N.
- Bamoshmoosh M.
- Banach M.
- Bandosz P.
- Banegas J.R.
- Bao T.Q.
- Barbagallo C.M.
- Barceló A.
- Barkat A.
- Bata I.
- Batieha A.M.
- Batyrbek A.
- Baur L.A.
- Beaglehole R.
- Bebakar W.M.W.
- Belavendra A.
- Ben Romdhane H.
- Benet M.
- Benn M.
- Bennett J.E.
- Berkinbayev S.
- Bernabe-Ortiz A.
- Bernotiene G.
- Bettiol H.
- Bhargava S.K.
- Bi Y.
- Bienek A.
- Bikbov M.
- Bista B.
- Bixby H.
- Bjerregaard P.
- Bjertness E.
- Bjertness M.B.
- Björkelund C.
- Bloch K.V.
- Blokstra A.
- Bo S.
- Boehm B.O.
- Boggia J.G.
- Boissonnet C.P.
- Bonaccio M.
- Bongard V.
- Borchini R.
- Borghs H.
- Bovet P.
- Brajkovich I.
- Breckenkamp J.
- Brenner H.
- Brewster L.M.
- Bruno G.
- Bugge A.
- Busch M.A.
- Cacciottolo J.
- Can G.
- Capanzana M.V.
- Capuano E.
- Capuano V.
- Cardoso V.C.
- Carrillo-Larco R.M.
- Carvalho J.
- Casanueva F.F.
- Censi L.
- Chadjigeorgiou C.A.
- Chamukuttan S.
- Chaturvedi N.
- Chen C.-J.
- Chen F.
- Chen S.
- Cheng C.-Y.
- Cheraghian B.
- Chetrit A.
- Chiou S.-T.
- Chirlaque M.-D.
- Cho B.
- Cho Y.
- Chudek J.
- Cifkova R.
- Cisneros J.Z.
- Claessens F.
- Clarke J.
- Clays E.
- Concin H.
- Confortin S.C.
- Cooper C.
- Costanzo S.
- Cottel D.
- Cowan M.J.
- Cowell C.
- Crujeiras A.B.
- Csilla S.
- Cui L.
- Cureau F.V.
- Cândido A.P.C.
- Dallongeville J.
- Damasceno A.
- Danaei G.
- Dankner R.
- Dantoft T.M.
- Dauchet L.
- Davletov K.
- De Backer G.
- De Bacquer D.
- de Gaetano G.
- De Henauw S.
- de León A.C.
- de Oliveira P.D.
- De Ridder D.
- De Smedt D.
- Deepa M.
- Deev A.D.
- Dehghan A.
- del Cristo Rodriguez-Perez M.
- Delisle H.
- Dennison E.
- Deschamps V.
- Dhana K.
- Dhimal M.
- Di Castelnuovo A.F.
- Di Cesare M.
- Dika Z.
- Djalalinia S.
- do Carmo Franco M.
- Dobson A.J.
- Donfrancesco C.
- Donoso S.P.
- Dorobantu M.
- Dragano N.
- Drygas W.
- Du Y.
- Duante C.A.
- Duda R.B.
- Dzerve V.
- Dziankowska-Zaborszczyk E.
- Döring A.
- D’Arrigo G.
- d’Orsi E.
- Eddie R.
- Eftekhar E.
- Eggertsen R.
- Eghtesad S.
- Eiben G.
- Ekelund U.
- El Ati J.
- Eldemire-Shearer D.
- Eliasen M.
- Elosua R.
- Erasmus R.T.
- Erbel R.
- Erem C.
- Eriksen L.
- Eriksson J.G.
- Escobedo-de la Peña J.
- Eslami S.
- Esmaeili A.
- Evans A.
- Ezzati M.
- Faeh D.
- Fall C.H.
- Faramarzi E.
- Farjam M.
- Farzadfar F.
- Fattahi M.R.
- Felix-Redondo F.J.
- Ferguson T.S.
- Fernández-Bergés D.
- Ferrante D.
- Ferrari M.
- Ferreccio C.
- Ferrieres J.
- Foo L.H.
- Forslund A.-S.
- Forsner M.
- Fouad H.M.
- Francis D.K.
- Franco O.H.
- Frontera G.
- Fujita Y.
- Fumihiko M.
- Furusawa T.
- Föger B.
- Gaciong Z.
- Galvano F.
- Gao J.
- Garcia-de-la-Hera M.
- Garnett S.P.
- Gaspoz J.-M.
- Gasull M.
- Gazzinelli A.
- Geleijnse J.M.
- Ghanbari A.
- Ghasemi E.
- Gheorghe-Fronea O.-F.
- Ghimire A.
- Giampaoli S.
- Gianfagna F.
- Gill T.K.
- Giovannelli J.
- Gironella G.
- Giwercman A.
- Goltzman D.
- Gonzalez A.R.
- Gonzalez-Chica D.A.
- Gonzalez-Gross M.
- González-Rivas J.P.
- González-Villalpando C.
- González-Villalpando M.-E.
- Gonçalves H.
- Gottrand F.
- Graff-Iversen S.
- Grafnetter D.
- Gregg E.W.
- Gregor R.D.
- Grodzicki T.
- Grosso G.
- Gruden G.
- Grøntved A.
- Gu D.
- Guallar-Castillón P.
- Guan O.P.
- Gudmundsson E.F.
- Gudnason V.
- Guerrero R.
- Guessous I.
- Gulayin P.
- Gunnlaugsdottir J.
- Gupta R.
- Gutierrez L.
- Gutzwiller F.
- Ha S.
- Hadaegh F.
- Haghshenas R.
- Hakimi H.
- Hambleton I.R.
- Hamzeh B.
- Hantunen S.
- Hashemi-Shahri S.M.
- Hata J.
- Haugsgjerd T.
- Hayes A.J.
- He J.
- He Y.
- Hendriks M.E.
- Henriques A.
- Herrala S.
- Heshmat R.
- Hill A.G.
- Ho S.C.
- Ho S.Y.
- Hobbs M.
- Hofman A.
- Homayounfar R.
- Hopman W.M.
- Horimoto A.R.V.R.
- Hormiga C.M.
- Horta B.L.
- Houti L.
- Howitt C.
- Htay T.T.
- Htet A.S.
- Htike M.M.T.
- Huerta J.M.
- Huhtaniemi I.T.
- Huisman M.
- Hunsberger M.L.
- Husseini A.S.
- Huybrechts I.
- Hwalla N.
- Iacoviello L.
- Iannone A.G.
- Ibrahim M.M.
- Iglesia I.
- Ikeda N.
- Ikram M.A.
- Iotova V.
- Irazola V.E.
- Ishida T.
- Islam M.
- Iurilli M.L.C.
- Iwasaki M.
- Jackson R.T.
- Jacobs J.M.
- Jaddou H.Y.
- Jafar T.
- James K.
- Jamrozik K.
- Janszky I.
- Janus E.
- Jarvelin M.-R.
- Jasienska G.
- Jelakovic A.
- Jelakovic B.
- Jennings G.
- Jensen G.B.
- Jeong S.-L.
- Jha A.K.
- Jiang C.Q.
- Jimenez R.O.
- Joffres M.
- Jokelainen J.J.
- Jonas J.B.
- Joshi P.
- Joukar F.
- Juolevi A.
- Jérome C.S.
- Józwiak J.
- Jöckel K.-H.
- Jørgensen T.
- Kafatos A.
- Kajantie E.O.
- Kakarmath S.
- Kalter-Leibovici O.
- Kamaruddin N.A.
- Kamstrup P.R.
- Karki K.B.
- Katz J.
- Kauhanen J.
- Kaur P.
- Kavousi M.
- Kazakbaeva G.
- Keil U.
- Keinänen-Kiukaanniemi S.
- Kelishadi R.
- Kengne A.P.
- Keramati M.
- Kerimkulova A.
- Kersting M.
- Khader Y.S.
- Khalili D.
- Khang Y.-H.
- Khateeb M.
- Kheradmand M.
- Khosravi A.
- Kiechl S.
- Kiechl-Kohlendorfer U.
- Killewo J.
- Kim H.C.
- Kim J.
- Kim Y.-Y.
- Klumbiene J.
- Knoflach M.
- Ko S.
- Kohler H.-P.
- Kohler I.V.
- Kolle E.
- Kolsteren P.
- Korpelainen R.
- Korrovits P.
- Kos J.
- Koskinen S.
- Kouda K.
- Kowlessur S.
- Kratzer W.
- Kriemler S.
- Kristensen P.L.
- Krokstad S.
- Kromhout D.
- Kujala U.M.
- Kumar R.H.
- Kurjata P.
- Kuulasmaa K.
- Kyobutungi C.
- König J.
- Laamiri F.Z.
- Laatikainen T.
- Lachat C.
- Laid Y.
- Lam T.H.
- Lambrinou C.-P.
- Lanska V.
- Lappas G.
- Larijani B.
- Latt T.S.
- Laugsand L.E.
- Laxmaiah A.
- Lazo-Porras M.
- Lee J.
- Lehmann N.
- Lehtimäki T.
- Levitt N.S.
- Li Y.
- Lilly C.L.
- Lim W.-Y.
- Lima-Costa M.F.
- Lin H.-H.
- Lin X.
- Lin Y.-T.
- Lind L.
- Linneberg A.
- Lissner L.
- Liu J.
- Loit H.-M.
- Lopez T.
- Lopez-Garcia E.
- Lotufo P.A.
- Lozano J.E.
- Luksiene D.
- Lundqvist A.
- Lundqvist R.
- Lunet N.
- Ma G.
- Machado-Coelho G.L.L.
- Machado-Rodrigues A.M.
- Machi S.
- Madar A.A.
- Maggi S.
- Magliano D.J.
- Magriplis E.
- Mahasampath G.
- Maire B.
- Makdisse M.
- Malekzadeh F.
- Malekzadeh R.
- Manios Y.
- Mann J.I.
- Mansour-Ghanaei F.
- Manzato E.
- Margozzini P.
- Marques-Vidal P.
- Martinez A.R.
- Martorell R.
- Mascarenhas L.P.
- Mathiesen E.B.
- Mathur P.
- Matsha T.E.
- Mavrogianni C.
- McFarlane S.R.
- McGarvey S.T.
- McLachlan S.
- McLean R.M.
- McLean S.B.
- McNulty B.A.
- Mediene-Benchekor S.
- Mehdipour P.
- Mehlig K.
- Mehrparvar A.H.
- Meirhaeghe A.
- Meisinger C.
- Menezes A.M.B.
- Menon G.R.
- Merat S.
- Mereke A.
- Meshram I.I.
- Metcalf P.
- Meyer H.E.
- Mi J.
- Michels N.
- Miller J.C.
- Minderico C.S.
- Mini G.K.
- Miquel J.F.
- Miranda J.J.
- Mirjalili M.R.
- Mirrakhimov E.
- Modesti P.A.
- Moghaddam S.S.
- Mohajer B.
- Mohamed M.K.
- Mohammad K.
- Mohammadi Z.
- Mohammadifard N.
- Mohammadpourhodki R.
- Mohamud W.N.W.
- Mohan V.
- Mohanna S.
- Mohebbi I.
- Mohebi F.
- Moitry M.
- Molnár D.
- Momenan A.
- Mondo C.K.
- Monterrubio-Flores E.
- Moosazadeh M.
- Morejon A.
- Moreno L.A.
- Morgan K.
- Morin S.N.
- Moschonis G.
- Mossakowska M.
- Mostafa A.
- Mota J.
- Motlagh M.E.
- Motta J.
- Msyamboza K.P.
- Muiesan M.L.
- Mursu J.
- Mustafa N.
- Møllehave L.T.
- Møller N.C.
- Müller-Nurasyid M.
- Nabipour I.
- Naderimagham S.
- Nagel G.
- Naidu B.M.
- Najafi F.
- Nakamura H.
- Nang E.E.K.
- Nangia V.B.
- Nauck M.
- Neal W.A.
- Nejatizadeh A.
- Nenko I.
- Nervi F.
- Nguyen N.D.
- Nguyen Q.N.
- Nieto-Martínez R.E.
- Nihal T.
- Niiranen T.J.
- Ning G.
- Ninomiya T.
- Noale M.
- Noboa O.A.
- Nordestgaard B.G.
- Noto D.
- Nsour M.A.
- Nuhoğlu I.
- Námešná J.
- Ochoa-Avilés A.M.
- Oh K.
- Ohtsuka R.
- Olafsson Ö.
- Oliveira I.O.
- Olié V.
- Omar M.A.
- Onat A.
- Ong S.K.
- Ordunez P.
- Ornelas R.
- Ortiz P.J.
- Osmond C.
- Ostojic S.M.
- Ostovar A.
- Otero J.A.
- Owusu-Dabo E.
- O’Neill T.W.
- O’Reilly D.
- Paccaud F.M.
- Paciorek C.J.
- Pahomova E.
- Pajak A.
- Palmieri L.
- Pan W.-H.
- Panda-Jonas S.
- Panza F.
- Parnell W.R.
- Patel N.D.
- Peer N.
- Peixoto S.V.
- Peltonen M.
- Pereira A.C.
- Peters A.
- Petersmann A.
- Petkeviciene J.
- Peykari N.
- Pham S.T.
- Pichardo R.N.
- Pigeot I.
- Pilav A.
- Pilotto L.
- Piwonska A.
- Pizarro A.N.
- Plans-Rubió P.
- Plata S.
- Pohlabeln H.
- Porta M.
- Portegies M.L.P.
- Poudyal A.
- Pourfarzi F.
- Poustchi H.
- Pradeepa R.
- Price J.F.
- Providencia R.
- Puder J.J.
- Puhakka S.E.
- Punab M.
- Qorbani M.
- Radisauskas R.
- Rahim H.A.
- Rahimikazerooni S.
- Raitakari O.
- Ramachandran A.
- Ramos E.
- Ramos R.
- Rampal L.
- Rampal S.
- Rao K.M.
- Rao S.R.
- Redon J.
- Reganit P.F.M.
- Revilla L.
- Rezaianzadeh A.
- Ribeiro R.
- Richter A.
- Rigo F.
- Riley L.M.
- Rinke de Wit T.F.
- Rodríguez-Artalejo F.
- Rodríguez-Villamizar L.A.
- Roggenbuck U.
- Rojas-Martinez R.
- Romaguera D.
- Romeo E.L.
- Rosengren A.
- Roy J.G.R.
- Rubinstein A.
- Ruidavets J.-B.
- Ruiz-Betancourt B.S.
- Russo P.
- Rust P.
- Rutkowski M.
- Sabanayagam C.
- Sachdev H.S.
- Sadjadi A.
- Safarpour A.R.
- Safiri S.
- Saidi O.
- Saki N.
- Salanave B.
- Salmerón D.
- Salomaa V.
- Salonen J.T.
- Salvetti M.
- Sans S.
- Santaliestra-Pasías A.M.
- Santero M.
- Santos D.A.
- Santos M.P.
- Santos R.
- Saramies J.L.
- Sardinha L.B.
- Sarrafzadegan N.
- Saum K.-U.
- Savin S.
- Savva S.C.
- Sawada N.
- Sbaraini M.
- Scazufca M.
- Schaan B.D.
- Schargrodsky H.
- Scheidt-Nave C.
- Schienkiewitz A.
- Schipf S.
- Schmidt C.O.
- Schramm S.
- Schöttker B.
- Sebert S.
- Sein A.A.
- Sen A.
- Sepanlou S.G.
- Servais J.
- Shakeri R.
- Shalnova S.A.
- Shamah-Levy T.
- Sharafkhah M.
- Sharma S.K.
- Shaw J.E.
- Shayanrad A.
- Shi Z.
- Shibuya K.
- Shimizu-Furusawa H.
- Shin D.W.
- Shin Y.
- Shirani M.
- Shiri R.
- Shrestha N.
- Si-Ramlee K.
- Siani A.
- Siantar R.
- Sibai A.M.
- Silva D.A.S.
- Simon M.
- Simons J.
- Simons L.A.
- Sjöström M.
- Skaaby T.
- Slowikowska-Hilczer J.
- Slusarczyk P.
- Smeeth L.
- Snijder M.B.
- Soemantri A.
- Sofat R.
- Solfrizzi V.
- Somi M.H.
- Sonestedt E.
- Sophiea M.K.
- Soumaré A.
- Sozmen K.
- Sparrenberger K.
- Staessen J.A.
- Stathopoulou M.G.
- Stavreski B.
- Steene-Johannessen J.
- Stehle P.
- Stein A.D.
- Stessman J.
- Stevanović R.
- Stevens G.A.
- Stieber J.
- Stokwiszewski J.
- Stronks K.
- Strufaldi M.W.
- Stöckl D.
- Sun C.-A.
- Sundström J.
- Suriyawongpaisal P.
- Suárez-Medina R.
- Sy R.G.
- Sylva R.C.
- Szklo M.
- Sánchez-Abanto J.
- Söderberg S.
- Sørensen T.I.A.
- Taddei C.
- Tai E.S.
- Tamosiunas A.
- Tan E.J.
- Tarawneh M.R.
- Tarqui-Mamani C.B.
- Taylor A.
- Taylor J.
- Tell G.S.
- Tello T.
- Thankappan K.R.
- Thijs L.
- Thuesen B.H.
- Toft U.
- Tolonen H.K.
- Tolstrup J.S.
- Topbas M.
- Topór-Madry R.
- Tormo M.J.
- Tornaritis M.J.
- Torrent M.
- Torres-Collado L.
- Traissac P.
- Trinh O.T.H.
- Truthmann J.
- Tsugane S.
- Tulloch-Reid M.K.
- Tuomainen T.-P.
- Tuomilehto J.
- Tybjaerg-Hansen A.
- Tzourio C.
- Ueda P.
- Ugel E.
- Ulmer H.
- Unal B.
- Uusitalo H.M.T.
- Valdivia G.
- Valvi D.
- van Dam R.M.
- van der Schouw Y.T.
- Van Herck K.
- Van Minh H.
- van Rossem L.
- Van Schoor N.M.
- van Valkengoed I.G.M.
- Vanderschueren D.
- Vanuzzo D.
- Varbo A.
- Varona-Pérez P.
- Vasan S.K.
- Vatten L.
- Vega T.
- Veidebaum T.
- Velasquez-Melendez G.
- Venero-Fernández S.J.
- Veronesi G.
- Verschuren W.M.M.
- Victora C.G.
- Vidiawati D.
- Viet L.
- Villalpando S.
- Vioque J.
- Virtanen J.K.
- Visvikis-Siest S.
- Viswanathan B.
- Vlasoff T.
- Vollenweider P.
- Voortman T.
- Voutilainen A.
- Vrkic T.Z.
- Wade A.N.
- Wagner A.
- Walton J.
- Wang M.-D.
- Wang N.
- Wang Q.
- Wang Y.-W.
- Wang Y.X.
- Wannamethee S.G.
- Wedderkopp N.
- Wei W.
- Whincup P.H.
- Widhalm K.
- Widyahening I.S.
- Wiecek A.
- Wijga A.H.
- Wilks R.J.
- Willeit J.
- Willeit P.
- Wilsgaard T.
- Wojtyniak B.
- Wong A.
- Wong N.I.
- Wong T.Y.
- Wong-McClure R.A.
- Woo J.
- Woodward M.
- Wu F.C.
- Wu S.
- Xu H.
- Xu L.
- Yan W.
- Yang X.
- Yasuharu T.
- Ye X.
- Yeow T.P.
- Yiallouros P.K.
- Yoosefi M.
- Yoshihara A.
- You S.-L.
- Younger-Coleman N.O.
- Yusoff A.F.
- Yusoff M.F.M.
- Zainuddin A.A.
- Zakavi S.R.
- Zali M.R.
- Zamani F.
- Zambon S.
- Zampelas A.
- Zaw K.K.
- Zdrojewski T.
- Zhang Z.-Y.
- Zhao D.
- Zhao W.
- Zhen S.
- Zheng Y.
- Zholdin B.
- Zhou B.
- Zhussupov B.
- Zoghlami N.
- Publication venue
- 'Springer Science and Business Media LLC'
- Publication date
- 27/10/2022
- Field of study
High blood cholesterol is typically considered a feature of wealthy western countries1,2. However, dietary and behavioural determinants of blood cholesterol are changing rapidly throughout the world3 and countries are using lipid-lowering medications at varying rates. These changes can have distinct effects on the levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and non-HDL cholesterol, which have different effects on human health4,5. However, the trends of HDL and non-HDL cholesterol levels over time have not been previously reported in a global analysis. Here we pooled 1,127 population-based studies that measured blood lipids in 102.6 million individuals aged 18 years and older to estimate trends from 1980 to 2018 in mean total, non-HDL and HDL cholesterol levels for 200 countries. Globally, there was little change in total or non-HDL cholesterol from 1980 to 2018. This was a net effect of increases in low- and middle-income countries, especially in east and southeast Asia, and decreases in high-income western countries, especially those in northwestern Europe, and in central and eastern Europe. As a result, countries with the highest level of non-HDL cholesterol—which is a marker of cardiovascular risk—changed from those in western Europe such as Belgium, Finland, Greenland, Iceland, Norway, Sweden, Switzerland and Malta in 1980 to those in Asia and the Pacific, such as Tokelau, Malaysia, The Philippines and Thailand. In 2017, high non-HDL cholesterol was responsible for an estimated 3.9 million (95% credible interval 3.7 million–4.2 million) worldwide deaths, half of which occurred in east, southeast and south Asia. The global repositioning of lipid-related risk, with non-optimal cholesterol shifting from a distinct feature of high-income countries in northwestern Europe, north America and Australasia to one that affects countries in east and southeast Asia and Oceania should motivate the use of population-based policies and personal interventions to improve nutrition and enhance access to treatment throughout the world.</p
Repositioning of the global epicentre of non-optimal cholesterol
- Author
- Aadahl M.
- Abarca-Gómez L.
- Abu-Rmeileh N.M.
- Acosta-Cazares B.
- Adams R.J.
- Aekplakorn W.
- Agdeppa I.A.
- Aghazadeh-Attari J.
- Aguilar-Salinas C.A.
- Agyemang C.
- Ahluwalia T.S.
- Ahmad N.A.
- Ahmadi A.
- Ahmadi N.
- Ahmed S.H.
- Ahrens W.
- Ajlouni K.
- al-Safi Ismail A.
- Alarouj M.
- AlBuhairan F.
- AlDhukair S.
- Ali M.M.
- Alkandari A.
- Alkerwi A.
- Aly E.
- Amarapurkar D.N.
- Amouyel P.
- Andersen L.B.
- Anderssen S.A.
- Anjana R.M.
- Ansari-Moghaddam A.
- Aounallah-Skhiri H.
- Araújo J.
- Ariansen I.
- Aris T.
- Arku R.E.
- Arlappa N.
- Aryal K.K.
- Asghari G.
- Aspelund T.
- Assunção M.C.F.
- Auvinen J.
- Avdicová M.
- Azevedo A.
- Azizi F.
- Azmin M.
- Balakrishna N.
- Bamoshmoosh M.
- Banach M.
- Bandosz P.
- Banegas J.R.
- Bao T.Q.
- Barbagallo C.M.
- Barceló A.
- Barkat A.
- Bata I.
- Batieha A.M.
- Batyrbek A.
- Baur L.A.
- Beaglehole R.
- Bebakar W.M.W.
- Belavendra A.
- Ben Romdhane H.
- Benet M.
- Benn M.
- Bennett J.E.
- Berkinbayev S.
- Bernabe-Ortiz A.
- Bernotiene G.
- Bettiol H.
- Bhargava S.K.
- Bi Y.
- Bienek A.
- Bikbov M.
- Bista B.
- Bixby H.
- Bjerregaard P.
- Bjertness E.
- Bjertness M.B.
- Björkelund C.
- Bloch K.V.
- Blokstra A.
- Bo S.
- Boehm B.O.
- Boggia J.G.
- Boissonnet C.P.
- Bonaccio M.
- Bongard V.
- Borchini R.
- Borghs H.
- Bovet P.
- Brajkovich I.
- Breckenkamp J.
- Brenner H.
- Brewster L.M.
- Bruno G.
- Bugge A.
- Busch M.A.
- Cacciottolo J.
- Can G.
- Capanzana M.V.
- Capuano E.
- Capuano V.
- Cardoso V.C.
- Carrillo-Larco R.M.
- Carvalho J.
- Casanueva F.F.
- Censi L.
- Chadjigeorgiou C.A.
- Chamukuttan S.
- Chaturvedi N.
- Chen C.-J.
- Chen F.
- Chen S.
- Cheng C.-Y.
- Cheraghian B.
- Chetrit A.
- Chiou S.-T.
- Chirlaque M.-D.
- Cho B.
- Cho Y.
- Chudek J.
- Cifkova R.
- Cisneros J.Z.
- Claessens F.
- Clarke J.
- Clays E.
- Concin H.
- Confortin S.C.
- Cooper C.
- Costanzo S.
- Cottel D.
- Cowan M.J.
- Cowell C.
- Crujeiras A.B.
- Csilla S.
- Cui L.
- Cureau F.V.
- Cândido A.P.C.
- Dallongeville J.
- Damasceno A.
- Danaei G.
- Dankner R.
- Dantoft T.M.
- Dauchet L.
- Davletov K.
- De Backer G.
- De Bacquer D.
- de Gaetano G.
- De Henauw S.
- de León A.C.
- de Oliveira P.D.
- De Ridder D.
- De Smedt D.
- Deepa M.
- Deev A.D.
- Dehghan A.
- del Cristo Rodriguez-Perez M.
- Delisle H.
- Dennison E.
- Deschamps V.
- Dhana K.
- Dhimal M.
- Di Castelnuovo A.F.
- Di Cesare M.
- Dika Z.
- Djalalinia S.
- do Carmo Franco M.
- Dobson A.J.
- Donfrancesco C.
- Donoso S.P.
- Dorobantu M.
- Dragano N.
- Drygas W.
- Du Y.
- Duante C.A.
- Duda R.B.
- Dzerve V.
- Dziankowska-Zaborszczyk E.
- D�Arrigo G.
- d�Orsi E.
- Döring A.
- Eddie R.
- Eftekhar E.
- Eggertsen R.
- Eghtesad S.
- Eiben G.
- Ekelund U.
- El Ati J.
- Eldemire-Shearer D.
- Eliasen M.
- Elosua R.
- Erasmus R.T.
- Erbel R.
- Erem C.
- Eriksen L.
- Eriksson J.G.
- Escobedo-de la Peña J.
- Eslami S.
- Esmaeili A.
- Evans A.
- Ezzati M.
- Faeh D.
- Fall C.H.
- Faramarzi E.
- Farjam M.
- Farzadfar F.
- Fattahi M.R.
- Felix-Redondo F.J.
- Ferguson T.S.
- Fernández-Bergés D.
- Ferrante D.
- Ferrari M.
- Ferreccio C.
- Ferrieres J.
- Foo L.H.
- Forslund A.-S.
- Forsner M.
- Fouad H.M.
- Francis D.K.
- Franco O.H.
- Frontera G.
- Fujita Y.
- Fumihiko M.
- Furusawa T.
- Föger B.
- Gaciong Z.
- Galvano F.
- Gao J.
- Garcia-de-la-Hera M.
- Garnett S.P.
- Gaspoz J.-M.
- Gasull M.
- Gazzinelli A.
- Geleijnse J.M.
- Ghanbari A.
- Ghasemi E.
- Gheorghe-Fronea O.-F.
- Ghimire A.
- Giampaoli S.
- Gianfagna F.
- Gill T.K.
- Giovannelli J.
- Gironella G.
- Giwercman A.
- Goltzman D.
- Gonzalez A.R.
- Gonzalez-Chica D.A.
- Gonzalez-Gross M.
- González-Rivas J.P.
- González-Villalpando C.
- González-Villalpando M.-E.
- Gonçalves H.
- Gottrand F.
- Graff-Iversen S.
- Grafnetter D.
- Gregg E.W.
- Gregor R.D.
- Grodzicki T.
- Grosso G.
- Gruden G.
- Grøntved A.
- Gu D.
- Guallar-Castillón P.
- Guan O.P.
- Gudmundsson E.F.
- Gudnason V.
- Guerrero R.
- Guessous I.
- Gulayin P.
- Gunnlaugsdottir J.
- Gupta R.
- Gutierrez L.
- Gutzwiller F.
- Ha S.
- Hadaegh F.
- Haghshenas R.
- Hakimi H.
- Hambleton I.R.
- Hamzeh B.
- Hantunen S.
- Hashemi-Shahri S.M.
- Hata J.
- Haugsgjerd T.
- Hayes A.J.
- He J.
- He Y.
- Hendriks M.E.
- Henriques A.
- Herrala S.
- Heshmat R.
- Hill A.G.
- Ho S.C.
- Ho S.Y.
- Hobbs M.
- Hofman A.
- Homayounfar R.
- Hopman W.M.
- Horimoto A.R.V.R.
- Hormiga C.M.
- Horta B.L.
- Houti L.
- Howitt C.
- Htay T.T.
- Htet A.S.
- Htike M.M.T.
- Huerta J.M.
- Huhtaniemi I.T.
- Huisman M.
- Hunsberger M.L.
- Husseini A.S.
- Huybrechts I.
- Hwalla N.
- Iacoviello L.
- Iannone A.G.
- Ibrahim M.M.
- Iglesia I.
- Ikeda N.
- Ikram M.A.
- Iotova V.
- Irazola V.E.
- Ishida T.
- Islam M.
- Iurilli M.L.C.
- Iwasaki M.
- Jackson R.T.
- Jacobs J.M.
- Jaddou H.Y.
- Jafar T.
- James K.
- Jamrozik K.
- Janszky I.
- Janus E.
- Jarvelin M.-R.
- Jasienska G.
- Jelakovic A.
- Jelakovic B.
- Jennings G.
- Jensen G.B.
- Jeong S.-L.
- Jha A.K.
- Jiang C.Q.
- Jimenez R.O.
- Joffres M.
- Jokelainen J.J.
- Jonas J.B.
- Joshi P.
- Joukar F.
- Juolevi A.
- Jérome C.S.
- Józwiak J.
- Jöckel K.-H.
- Jørgensen T.
- Kafatos A.
- Kajantie E.O.
- Kakarmath S.
- Kalter-Leibovici O.
- Kamaruddin N.A.
- Kamstrup P.R.
- Karki K.B.
- Katz J.
- Kauhanen J.
- Kaur P.
- Kavousi M.
- Kazakbaeva G.
- Keil U.
- Keinänen-Kiukaanniemi S.
- Kelishadi R.
- Kengne A.P.
- Keramati M.
- Kerimkulova A.
- Kersting M.
- Khader Y.S.
- Khalili D.
- Khang Y.-H.
- Khateeb M.
- Kheradmand M.
- Khosravi A.
- Kiechl S.
- Kiechl-Kohlendorfer U.
- Killewo J.
- Kim H.C.
- Kim J.
- Kim Y.-Y.
- Klumbiene J.
- Knoflach M.
- Ko S.
- Kohler H.-P.
- Kohler I.V.
- Kolle E.
- Kolsteren P.
- Korpelainen R.
- Korrovits P.
- Kos J.
- Koskinen S.
- Kouda K.
- Kowlessur S.
- Kratzer W.
- Kriemler S.
- Kristensen P.L.
- Krokstad S.
- Kromhout D.
- Kujala U.M.
- Kumar R.H.
- Kurjata P.
- Kuulasmaa K.
- Kyobutungi C.
- König J.
- Laamiri F.Z.
- Laatikainen T.
- Lachat C.
- Laid Y.
- Lam T.H.
- Lambrinou C.-P.
- Lanska V.
- Lappas G.
- Larijani B.
- Latt T.S.
- Laugsand L.E.
- Laxmaiah A.
- Lazo-Porras M.
- Lee J.
- Lee J.
- Lehmann N.
- Lehtimäki T.
- Levitt N.S.
- Li Y.
- Lilly C.L.
- Lim W.-Y.
- Lima-Costa M.F.
- Lin H.-H.
- Lin X.
- Lin Y.-T.
- Lind L.
- Linneberg A.
- Lissner L.
- Liu J.
- Loit H.-M.
- Lopez T.
- Lopez-Garcia E.
- Lotufo P.A.
- Lozano J.E.
- Luksiene D.
- Lundqvist A.
- Lundqvist R.
- Lunet N.
- Ma G.
- Machado-Coelho G.L.L.
- Machado-Rodrigues A.M.
- Machi S.
- Madar A.A.
- Maggi S.
- Magliano D.J.
- Magriplis E.
- Mahasampath G.
- Maire B.
- Makdisse M.
- Malekzadeh F.
- Malekzadeh R.
- Manios Y.
- Mann J.I.
- Mansour-Ghanaei F.
- Manzato E.
- Margozzini P.
- Marques-Vidal P.
- Martinez A.R.
- Martorell R.
- Mascarenhas L.P.
- Mathiesen E.B.
- Mathur P.
- Matsha T.E.
- Mavrogianni C.
- McFarlane S.R.
- McGarvey S.T.
- McLachlan S.
- McLean R.M.
- McLean S.B.
- McNulty B.A.
- Mediene-Benchekor S.
- Mehdipour P.
- Mehlig K.
- Mehrparvar A.H.
- Meirhaeghe A.
- Meisinger C.
- Menezes A.M.B.
- Menon G.R.
- Merat S.
- Mereke A.
- Meshram I.I.
- Metcalf P.
- Meyer H.E.
- Mi J.
- Michels N.
- Miller J.C.
- Minderico C.S.
- Mini G.K.
- Miquel J.F.
- Miranda J.J.
- Mirjalili M.R.
- Mirrakhimov E.
- Modesti P.A.
- Moghaddam S.S.
- Mohajer B.
- Mohamed M.K.
- Mohammad K.
- Mohammadi Z.
- Mohammadifard N.
- Mohammadpourhodki R.
- Mohamud W.N.W.
- Mohan V.
- Mohanna S.
- Mohebbi I.
- Mohebi F.
- Moitry M.
- Molnár D.
- Momenan A.
- Mondo C.K.
- Monterrubio-Flores E.
- Moosazadeh M.
- Morejon A.
- Moreno L.A.
- Morgan K.
- Morin S.N.
- Moschonis G.
- Mossakowska M.
- Mostafa A.
- Mota J.
- Motlagh M.E.
- Motta J.
- Msyamboza K.P.
- Muiesan M.L.
- Mursu J.
- Mustafa N.
- Møllehave L.T.
- Møller N.C.
- Müller-Nurasyid M.
- Nabipour I.
- Naderimagham S.
- Nagel G.
- Naidu B.M.
- Najafi F.
- Nakamura H.
- Nang E.E.K.
- Nangia V.B.
- Nauck M.
- Neal W.A.
- Nejatizadeh A.
- Nenko I.
- Nervi F.
- Nguyen N.D.
- Nguyen Q.N.
- Nieto-MartÃnez R.E.
- Nihal T.
- Niiranen T.J.
- Ning G.
- Ninomiya T.
- Noale M.
- Noboa O.A.
- Nordestgaard B.G.
- Noto D.
- Nsour M.A.
- Nuho�lu I.
- Námešná J.
- Ochoa-Avilés A.M.
- Oh K.
- Ohtsuka R.
- Olafsson �.
- Oliveira I.O.
- Olié V.
- Omar M.A.
- Onat A.
- Ong S.K.
- Ordunez P.
- Ornelas R.
- Ortiz P.J.
- Osmond C.
- Ostojic S.M.
- Ostovar A.
- Otero J.A.
- Owusu-Dabo E.
- O�Neill T.W.
- O�Reilly D.
- Paccaud F.M.
- Paciorek C.J.
- Pahomova E.
- Pajak A.
- Palmieri L.
- Pan W.-H.
- Panda-Jonas S.
- Panza F.
- Parnell W.R.
- Patel N.D.
- Peer N.
- Peixoto S.V.
- Peltonen M.
- Pereira A.C.
- Peters A.
- Petersmann A.
- Petkeviciene J.
- Peykari N.
- Pham S.T.
- Pichardo R.N.
- Pigeot I.
- Pilav A.
- Pilotto L.
- Piwonska A.
- Pizarro A.N.
- Plans-Rubió P.
- Plata S.
- Pohlabeln H.
- Porta M.
- Portegies M.L.P.
- Poudyal A.
- Pourfarzi F.
- Poustchi H.
- Pradeepa R.
- Price J.F.
- Providencia R.
- Puder J.J.
- Puhakka S.E.
- Punab M.
- Qorbani M.
- Radisauskas R.
- Rahim H.A.
- Rahimikazerooni S.
- Raitakari O.
- Ramachandran A.
- Ramos E.
- Ramos R.
- Rampal L.
- Rampal S.
- Rao K.M.
- Rao S.R.
- Redon J.
- Reganit P.F.M.
- Revilla L.
- Rezaianzadeh A.
- Ribeiro R.
- Richter A.
- Rigo F.
- Riley L.M.
- Rinke de Wit T.F.
- Risk NCD
- RodrÃguez-Artalejo F.
- RodrÃguez-Villamizar L.A.
- Roggenbuck U.
- Rojas-Martinez R.
- Romaguera D.
- Romeo E.L.
- Rosengren A.
- Roy J.G.R.
- Rubinstein A.
- Ruidavets J.-B.
- Ruiz-Betancourt B.S.
- Russo P.
- Rust P.
- Rutkowski M.
- Sabanayagam C.
- Sachdev H.S.
- Sadjadi A.
- Safarpour A.R.
- Safiri S.
- Saidi O.
- Saki N.
- Salanave B.
- Salmerón D.
- Salomaa V.
- Salonen J.T.
- Salvetti M.
- Sans S.
- Santaliestra-PasÃas A.M.
- Santero M.
- Santos D.A.
- Santos M.P.
- Santos R.
- Saramies J.L.
- Sardinha L.B.
- Sarrafzadegan N.
- Saum K.-U.
- Savin S.
- Savva S.C.
- Sawada N.
- Sbaraini M.
- Scazufca M.
- Schaan B.D.
- Schargrodsky H.
- Scheidt-Nave C.
- Schienkiewitz A.
- Schipf S.
- Schmidt C.O.
- Schramm S.
- Schöttker B.
- Sebert S.
- Sein A.A.
- Sen A.
- Sepanlou S.G.
- Servais J.
- Shakeri R.
- Shalnova S.A.
- Shamah-Levy T.
- Sharafkhah M.
- Sharma S.K.
- Shaw J.E.
- Shayanrad A.
- Shi Z.
- Shibuya K.
- Shimizu-Furusawa H.
- Shin D.W.
- Shin Y.
- Shirani M.
- Shiri R.
- Shrestha N.
- Si-Ramlee K.
- Siani A.
- Siantar R.
- Sibai A.M.
- Silva D.A.S.
- Simon M.
- Simons J.
- Simons L.A.
- Sjöström M.
- Skaaby T.
- Slowikowska-Hilczer J.
- Slusarczyk P.
- Smeeth L.
- Snijder M.B.
- Soemantri A.
- Sofat R.
- Solfrizzi V.
- Somi M.H.
- Sonestedt E.
- Sophiea M.K.
- Soumaré A.
- Sozmen K.
- Sparrenberger K.
- Staessen J.A.
- Stathopoulou M.G.
- Stavreski B.
- Steene-Johannessen J.
- Stehle P.
- Stein A.D.
- Stessman J.
- Stevanovi� R.
- Stevens G.A.
- Stieber J.
- Stokwiszewski J.
- Stronks K.
- Strufaldi M.W.
- Stöckl D.
- Sun C.-A.
- Sundström J.
- Suriyawongpaisal P.
- Suárez-Medina R.
- Sy R.G.
- Sylva R.C.
- Szklo M.
- Sánchez-Abanto J.
- Söderberg S.
- Sørensen T.I.A.
- Taddei C.
- Tai E.S.
- Tamosiunas A.
- Tan E.J.
- Tarawneh M.R.
- Tarqui-Mamani C.B.
- Taylor A.
- Taylor J.
- Tell G.S.
- Tello T.
- Thankappan K.R.
- Thijs L.
- Thuesen B.H.
- Toft U.
- Tolonen H.K.
- Tolstrup J.S.
- Topbas M.
- Topór-Madry R.
- Tormo M.J.
- Tornaritis M.J.
- Torrent M.
- Torres-Collado L.
- Traissac P.
- Trinh O.T.H.
- Truthmann J.
- Tsugane S.
- Tulloch-Reid M.K.
- Tuomainen T.-P.
- Tuomilehto J.
- Tybjaerg-Hansen A.
- Tzourio C.
- Ueda P.
- Ugel E.
- Ulmer H.
- Unal B.
- Uusitalo H.M.T.
- Valdivia G.
- Valvi D.
- van Dam R.M.
- van der Schouw Y.T.
- Van Herck K.
- Van Minh H.
- van Rossem L.
- Van Schoor N.M.
- van Valkengoed I.G.M.
- Vanderschueren D.
- Vanuzzo D.
- Varbo A.
- Varona-Pérez P.
- Vasan S.K.
- Vatten L.
- Vega T.
- Veidebaum T.
- Velasquez-Melendez G.
- Venero-Fernández S.J.
- Veronesi G.
- Verschuren W.M.M.
- Victora C.G.
- Vidiawati D.
- Viet L.
- Villalpando S.
- Vioque J.
- Virtanen J.K.
- Visvikis-Siest S.
- Viswanathan B.
- Vlasoff T.
- Vollenweider P.
- Voortman T.
- Voutilainen A.
- Vrkic T.Z.
- Wade A.N.
- Wagner A.
- Walton J.
- Wang M.-D.
- Wang N.
- Wang Q.
- Wang Y.-W.
- Wang Y.X.
- Wannamethee S.G.
- Wedderkopp N.
- Wei W.
- Whincup P.H.
- Widhalm K.
- Widyahening I.S.
- Wiecek A.
- Wijga A.H.
- Wilks R.J.
- Willeit J.
- Willeit P.
- Wilsgaard T.
- Wojtyniak B.
- Wong A.
- Wong N.I.
- Wong T.Y.
- Wong-McClure R.A.
- Woo J.
- Woodward M.
- Wu F.C.
- Wu S.
- Xu H.
- Xu L.
- Yan W.
- Yang X.
- Yasuharu T.
- Ye X.
- Yeow T.P.
- Yiallouros P.K.
- Yoosefi M.
- Yoshihara A.
- You S.-L.
- Younger-Coleman N.O.
- Yusoff A.F.
- Yusoff M.F.M.
- Zainuddin A.A.
- Zakavi S.R.
- Zali M.R.
- Zamani F.
- Zambon S.
- Zampelas A.
- Zaw K.K.
- Zdrojewski T.
- Zhang Z.-Y.
- Zhao D.
- Zhao W.
- Zhen S.
- Zheng Y.
- Zholdin B.
- Zhou B.
- Zhussupov B.
- Zoghlami N.
- Publication venue
- Publication date
- Field of study
High blood cholesterol is typically considered a feature of wealthy western countries1,2. However, dietary and behavioural determinants of blood cholesterol are changing rapidly throughout the world3 and countries are using lipid-lowering medications at varying rates. These changes can have distinct effects on the levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and non-HDL cholesterol, which have different effects on human health4,5. However, the trends of HDL and non-HDL cholesterol levels over time have not been previously reported in a global analysis. Here we pooled 1,127 population-based studies that measured blood lipids in 102.6 million individuals aged 18 years and older to estimate trends from 1980 to 2018 in mean total, non-HDL and HDL cholesterol levels for 200 countries. Globally, there was little change in total or non-HDL cholesterol from 1980 to 2018. This was a net effect of increases in low- and middle-income countries, especially in east and southeast Asia, and decreases in high-income western countries, especially those in northwestern Europe, and in central and eastern Europe. As a result, countries with the highest level of non-HDL cholesterol�which is a marker of cardiovascular risk�changed from those in western Europe such as Belgium, Finland, Greenland, Iceland, Norway, Sweden, Switzerland and Malta in 1980 to those in Asia and the Pacific, such as Tokelau, Malaysia, The Philippines and Thailand. In 2017, high non-HDL cholesterol was responsible for an estimated 3.9 million (95 credible interval 3.7 million�4.2 million) worldwide deaths, half of which occurred in east, southeast and south Asia. The global repositioning of lipid-related risk, with non-optimal cholesterol shifting from a distinct feature of high-income countries in northwestern Europe, north America and Australasia to one that affects countries in east and southeast Asia and Oceania should motivate the use of population-based policies and personal interventions to improve nutrition and enhance access to treatment throughout the world. © 2020, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited
Rising rural body-mass index is the main driver of the global obesity epidemic in adults
- Author
- Abarca-Gómez L.
- Abdeen Z.A.
- Abdrakhmanova S.
- Abdul Ghaffar S.
- Abdul Hamid Z.
- Abu-Rmeileh N.M.
- Abubakar Garba J.
- Acosta-Cazares B.
- Adams R.J.
- Aekplakorn W.
- Afsana K.
- Agdeppa I.A.
- Aguilar-Salinas C.A.
- Agyemang C.
- Ahmad M.H.
- Ahmad N.A.
- Ahmadi N.
- Ahmadvand A.
- Ahrens W.
- Ajlouni K.
- Al-Hazzaa H.M.
- Al-Othman A.R.
- Al-Raddadi R.
- AlBuhairan F.
- AlDhukair S.
- Ali M.M.
- Ali O.
- Alkerwi A.
- Alvarez-Pedrerol M.
- Aly E.
- Amarapurkar D.N.
- Amouyel P.
- Amuzu A.
- Andersen L.B.
- Anderssen S.A.
- Anjana R.M.
- Ansari-Moghaddam A.
- Aounallah-Skhiri H.
- Araújo J.
- Ariansen I.
- Aris T.
- Arku R.E.
- Arlappa N.
- Aryal K.K.
- Aspelund T.
- Assah F.K.
- Assunção M.C.F.
- Aung M.S.
- Auvinen J.
- Avdicová M.
- Azevedo A.
- Azizi F.
- Azmin M.
- Babu B.V.
- Baharudin A.
- Bahijri S.
- Baker J.L.
- Balakrishna N.
- Bamoshmoosh M.
- Banach M.
- Bandosz P.
- Banegas J.R.
- Barbagallo C.M.
- Barceló A.
- Barkat A.
- Barros A.J.D.
- Barros M.V.G.
- Bata I.
- Batieha A.M.
- Batista R.L.
- Battakova Z.
- Batyrbek A.
- Baur L.A.
- Beaglehole R.
- Bel-Serrat S.
- Ben Romdhane H.
- Benedics J.
- Benet M.
- Bennett J.E.
- Bentham J.
- Berkinbayev S.
- Bernabe-Ortiz A.
- Bernotiene G.
- Bettiol H.
- Bhagyalaxmi A.
- Bharadwaj S.
- Bhargava S.K.
- Bhutta Z.A.
- Bi H.
- Bi Y.
- Biehl A.
- Bika Lele E.C.
- Bikbov M.
- Bista B.
- Bixby H.
- Bjelica D.J.
- Bjerregaard P.
- Bjertness E.
- Bjertness M.B.
- Björkelund C.
- Blokstra A.
- Bo S.
- Bobak M.
- Boddy L.M.
- Boehm B.O.
- Boeing H.
- Boggia J.G.
- Boissonnet C.P.
- Bonaccio M.
- Bongard V.
- Bopp M.
- Borchini R.
- Borghs H.
- Bovet P.
- Braeckevelt L.
- Braeckman L.
- Bragt M.C.E.
- Brajkovich I.
- Branca F.
- Breckenkamp J.
- Breda J.
- Brenner H.
- Brewster L.M.
- Brian G.R.
- Brinduse L.
- Bruno G.
- Bueno-de-Mesquita H.B.
- Bugge A.
- Buoncristiano M.
- Burazeri G.
- Burns C.
- Cabrera de León A.
- Cacciottolo J.
- Cai H.
- Cama T.
- Cameron C.
- Camolas J.
- Can G.
- Can G.
- Capanzana M.V.
- Capuano E.
- Capuano V.
- Cardoso V.C.
- Carlsson A.C.
- Carmuega E.
- Carrillo-Larco R.M.
- Carvalho M.J.
- Casanueva F.F.
- Casas J.-P.
- Caserta C.A.
- Cañete F.
- Celikcan E.
- Censi L.
- Cesar J.A.
- Chaichian S.
- Chamukuttan S.
- Chan A.W.
- Chan Q.
- Chaturvedi H.K.
- Chaturvedi N.
- Che Abdul Rahim N.
- Chen C.-J.
- Chen F.
- Chen H.
- Chen S.
- Chen Z.
- Cheng C.-Y.
- Cheng Y.J.
- Chetrit A.
- Chikova-Iscener E.
- Chiolero A.
- Chiou S.-T.
- Chirita-Emandi A.
- Chirlaque M.-D.
- Cho B.
- Cho Y.
- Christensen K.
- Christofaro D.G.
- Chudek J.
- Cifkova R.
- Cilia M.
- Cinteza E.
- Claessens F.
- Clarke J.
- Clays E.
- Collaboration(NCD-RisC) NCD Risk Factor
- Concin H.
- Confortin S.C.
- Cooper C.
- Coppinger T.C.
- Costanzo S.
- Cottel D.
- Cowan M.J.
- Cowell C.
- Craig C.L.
- Crampin A.C.
- Crujeiras A.B.
- Cruz J.J.
- Cucu A.
- Cui L.
- Cândido A.P.C.
- Dallongeville J.
- Damasceno A.
- Damsgaard C.T.
- Danaei G.
- Dankner R.
- Dantoft T.M.
- Dasgupta P.
- Dastgiri S.
- Dauchet L.
- Davletov K.
- De Backer G.
- De Bacquer D.
- De Curtis A.
- de Gaetano G.
- De Henauw S.
- de Oliveira P.D.
- De Ridder K.
- de Rooij S.R.
- De Smedt D.
- Deepa M.
- Deev A.D.
- Dehghan A.
- Delisle H.
- Delpeuch F.
- Dennison E.
- Deschamps V.
- Dhana K.
- Dhimal M.
- Di Castelnuovo A.F.
- Di Cesare M.
- Dias-da-Costa J.S.
- Diaz A.
- Dika Z.
- Djalalinia S.
- Do H.T.P.
- Dobson A.J.
- Donati M.B.
- Donfrancesco C.
- Donoso S.P.
- Dorobantu M.
- Dorosty A.R.
- Doua K.
- Drygas W.
- Duan J.L.
- Duante C.A.
- Duda R.B.
- Duleva V.
- Dulskiene V.
- Dumith S.C.
- Dzerve V.
- Dziankowska-Zaborszczyk E.
- D�Arrigo G.
- d�Orsi E.
- Döring A.
- Eddie R.
- Egbagbe E.E.
- Eggertsen R.
- Eiben G.
- Ekelund U.
- El Ati J.
- Eldemire-Shearer D.
- Eliasen M.
- Elliott P.
- Engle-Stone R.
- Erasmus R.T.
- Erem C.
- Eriksen L.
- Eriksson J.G.
- Escobedo-de la Peña J.
- Evans A.
- Ezzati M.
- Ezzati , M.
- Faeh D.
- Fall C.H.
- Farrugia Sant�Angelo V.
- Farzadfar F.
- Fattahi M.R.
- Felix-Redondo F.J.
- Ferguson T.S.
- Fernandes R.A.
- Fernández-Bergés D.
- Ferrante D.
- Ferrari M.
- Ferreccio C.
- Ferrer E.
- Ferrieres J.
- Fijalkowska A.
- Fink G.
- Fischer K.
- Flores E.M.
- Foo L.H.
- Forslund A.-S.
- Forsner M.
- Fouad H.M.
- Francis D.K.
- Franco M.C.
- Franco O.H.
- Frontera G.
- Fuchs F.D.
- Fuchs S.C.
- Fujita Y.
- Furusawa T.
- Föger B.
- Gaciong Z.
- Gafencu M.
- Galeone D.
- Galvano F.
- Gao J.
- Garcia-de-la-Hera M.
- Gareta D.
- Garnett S.P.
- Gaspoz J.-M.
- Gasull M.
- Gates L.
- Gazzinelli A.
- Geiger H.
- Geleijnse J.M.
- Ghanbari A.
- Ghasemi E.
- Ghasemian A.
- Gheorghe-Fronea O.-F.
- Gholami M.
- Gholami M.
- Giampaoli S.
- Gianfagna F.
- Gill T.K.
- Giovannelli J.
- Gironella G.
- Giwercman A.
- Godos J.
- Gogen S.
- Goldsmith R.A.
- Goltzman D.
- Gonzalez A.R.
- Gonzalez-Chica D.A.
- Gonzalez-Gross M.
- González-Leon M.
- González-Rivas J.P.
- González-Villalpando M.-E.
- Gonçalves H.
- Gottrand F.
- Graff-Iversen S.
- Grafnetter D.
- Grajda A.
- Grammatikopoulou M.G.
- Graça A.P.
- Gregg E.W.
- Gregor R.D.
- Grodzicki T.
- Grosso G.
- Gruden G.
- Grøntved A.
- Gu D.
- Gualdi-Russo E.
- Gudmundsson E.F.
- Gudnason V.
- Guerrero R.
- Guessous I.
- Guimaraes A.L.
- Gulliford M.C.
- Gunnlaugsdottir J.
- Gunter M.
- Guo X.
- Guo Y.
- Gupta P.C.
- Gupta R.
- Gureje O.
- Gurzkowska B.
- Gutierrez L.
- Gutzwiller F.
- Hadaegh F.
- Hadjigeorgiou C.A.
- Haghshenas R.
- Halkjær J.
- Hambleton I.R.
- Hardy R.
- Hari Kumar R.
- Hassapidou M.
- Hata J.
- Haugsgjerd T.
- Hayes A.J.
- He J.
- He Y.
- Heidinger-Felso R.
- Heinen M.
- Hejgaard T.
- Hendriks M.E.
- Henriques A.
- Hernandez Cadena L.
- Herrala S.
- Herrera V.M.
- Herter-Aeberli I.
- Heshmat R.
- Hill A.G.
- Ho S.C.
- Ho S.Y.
- Hobbs M.
- Hofman A.
- Hopman W.M.
- Horimoto A.R.V.R.
- Hormiga C.M.
- Horta B.L.
- Houti L.
- Howitt C.
- Htay T.T.
- Htet A.S.
- Htike M.M.T.
- Hu Y.
- Huerta J.M.
- Huhtaniemi I.T.
- Huidumac Petrescu C.
- Huisman M.
- Husseini A.
- Huu C.N.
- Huybrechts I.
- Hwalla N.
- Hyska J.
- Iacoviello L.
- Ibarluzea J.M.
- Ibrahim M.M.
- Ibrahim Wong N.
- Ikeda N.
- Ikram M.A.
- Irazola V.E.
- Ishida T.
- Islam M.
- Ismail A.-S.
- Iurilli M.L.C.
- Ivkovic V.
- Iwasaki M.
- Jackson R.T.
- Jacobs J.M.
- Jaddou H.
- Jafar T.
- James K.
- Jamil K.M.
- Jamrozik K.
- Janszky I.
- Janus E.
- Jarani J.
- Jarvelin M.-R.
- Jasienska G.
- Jelakovic A.
- Jelakovic B.
- Jennings G.
- Jeong S.-L.
- Jiang C.Q.
- Jimenez R.O.
- Joffres M.
- Johansson M.
- Jokelainen J.J.
- Jonas J.B.
- Joshi P.
- Jovic D.P.
- Juolevi A.
- Jurak G.
- Juresa V.
- Jääskeläinen T.
- Józwiak J.
- Jørgensen T.
- Kaaks R.
- Kafatos A.
- Kajantie E.O.
- Kalter-Leibovici O.
- Kamaruddin N.A.
- Kameli Y.
- Kapantais E.
- Karki K.B.
- Kasaeian A.
- Katibeh M.
- Katz J.
- Katzmarzyk P.T.
- Kauhanen J.
- Kaur P.
- Kavousi M.
- Kazakbaeva G.
- Keil U.
- Keinan-Boker L.
- Keinänen-Kiukaanniemi S.
- Kelishadi R.
- Kelleher C.
- Kemper H.C.G.
- Kengne A.P.
- Kerimkulova A.
- Kersting M.
- Key T.
- Khader Y.S.
- Khalili D.
- Khang Y.-H.
- Khateeb M.
- Khaw K.-T.
- Kheiri B.
- Khosravi A.
- Khouw I.M.S.L.
- Kiechl S.
- Kiechl-Kohlendorfer U.
- Killewo J.
- Kim J.
- Kim Y.-Y.
- Klimont J.
- Klumbiene J.
- Knoflach M.
- Koirala B.
- Kolle E.
- Kolsteren P.
- Korpelainen R.
- Korrovits P.
- Korzycka M.
- Koskinen S.
- Kouda K.
- Kovacs V.A.
- Kowlessur S.
- Koziel S.
- Kratzer W.
- Kriemler S.
- Kristensen P.L.
- Krokstad S.
- Kromhout D.
- Kruger H.S.
- Kubinova R.
- Kuciene R.
- Kuh D.
- Kujala U.M.
- Kujundzic E.
- Kulaga Z.
- Kumar R.K.
- Kunešová M.
- Kurjata P.
- Kusuma Y.S.
- Kuulasmaa K.
- Kyobutungi C.
- König J.
- La Q.N.
- Laamiri F.Z.
- Laatikainen T.
- Lachat C.
- Laid Y.
- Lam T.H.
- Lang Morovic M.
- Lanska V.
- Lappas G.
- Larijani B.
- Latt T.S.
- Laugsand L.E.
- Lauria L.
- Laxmaiah A.
- Lazo-Porras M.
- Le Nguyen Bao K.
- Le Port A.
- Le T.D.
- Lee J.
- Lee J.
- Lee P.H.
- Lehtimäki T.
- Lemogoum D.
- Levitt N.S.
- Li Y.
- Lilly C.L.
- Lim W.-Y.
- Lima-Costa M.F.
- Lin H.-H.
- Lin X.
- Lind L.
- Linneberg A.
- Lissner L.
- Litwin M.
- Liu J.
- Loit H.-M.
- Lopes L.
- Lopez T.
- Lorbeer R.
- Lotufo P.A.
- Lozano J.E.
- Luksiene D.
- Lundqvist A.
- Lundqvist R.
- Lunet N.
- Lytsy P.
- López-GarcÃa E.
- Ma G.
- Ma J.
- Machado-Coelho G.L.L.
- Machado-Rodrigues A.M.
- Machi S.
- Maggi S.
- Magliano D.J.
- Magriplis E.
- Maire B.
- Majer M.
- Makdisse M.
- Malekzadeh F.
- Malekzadeh R.
- Malhotra R.
- Malyutina S.
- Maniego L.V.
- Manios Y.
- Mann J.I.
- Manzato E.
- Margozzini P.
- Markaki A.
- Markey O.
- Markidou Ioannidou E.
- Marques L.P.
- Marques-Vidal P.
- Marrugat J.
- Martin R.
- Martin-Prevel Y.
- Martorell R.
- Martos E.
- Marventano S.
- Masoodi S.R.
- Mathiesen E.B.
- Mathur P.
- Matijasevich A.
- Matsha T.E.
- Mazur A.
- Mbanya J.C.N.
- McFarlane S.R.
- McGarvey S.T.
- McKee M.
- McLachlan S.
- McLean R.M.
- McLean S.B.
- McNulty B.A.
- Md Yusof S.
- Mediene-Benchekor S.
- Medzioniene J.
- Mehdipour P.
- Meirhaeghe A.
- Meisfjord J.
- Meisinger C.
- Menezes A.M.B.
- Menon G.R.
- Mensink G.B.M.
- Mereke A.
- Meshram I.I.
- Metspalu A.
- Meyer H.E.
- Mi J.
- Michaelsen K.F.
- Michels N.
- Mikkel K.
- Milanovic S.M.
- Miller J.C.
- Minderico C.S.
- Miquel J.F.
- Miranda J.J.
- Mirkopoulou D.
- Mirrakhimov E.
- Misigoj-Durakovic M.
- Mistretta A.
- Mocanu V.
- Modesti P.A.
- Moghaddam S.S.
- Mohajer B.
- Mohamed M.K.
- Mohammad K.
- Mohammadifard N.
- Mohan V.
- Mohanna S.
- Mohd Yusoff M.F.
- Mohebi F.
- Moitry M.
- Molbo D.
- Molnár D.
- Momenan A.
- Mondo C.K.
- Monterrubio E.A.
- Monyeki K.D.K.
- Moon J.S.
- Moreira L.B.
- Morejon A.
- Moreno L.A.
- Morgan K.
- Morin S.
- Mortensen E.L.
- Moschonis G.
- Mossakowska M.
- Mostafa A.
- Mota J.
- Mota-Pinto A.
- Motlagh M.E.
- Motta J.
- Msyamboza K.P.
- Mu T.T.
- Muc M.
- Mugoša B.
- Muiesan M.L.
- Mukhtorova P.
- Murphy N.
- Mursu J.
- Murtagh E.M.
- Musil V.
- Møllehave L.T.
- Møller N.C.
- Müller-Nurasyid M.
- Nabipour I.
- Naderimagham S.
- Nagel G.
- Naidu B.M.
- Nakamura H.
- Nang E.E.K.
- Nangia V.B.
- Nankap M.
- Narake S.
- Nardone P.
- Nauck M.
- Navarrete-Muñoz E.M.
- Neal W.A.
- Nelis K.
- Nelis L.
- Nenko I.
- Neovius M.
- Nervi F.
- Nguyen C.T.
- Nguyen N.D.
- Nguyen Q.N.
- Nieto-MartÃnez R.E.
- Ning G.
- Ninomiya T.
- Nishtar S.
- Noale M.
- Noboa O.A.
- Norat T.
- Norie S.
- Noto D.
- Nsour M.A.
- Nurk E.
- Nyirenda M.
- Námešná J.
- Obreja G.
- Ochoa-Avilés A.M.
- Oda E.
- Oh K.
- Ohara K.
- Ohtsuka R.
- Olafsson �.
- Olinto M.T.A.
- Oliveira I.O.
- Oltarzewski M.
- Omar M.A.
- Onat A.
- Ong S.K.
- Ono L.M.
- Ordunez P.
- Ornelas R.
- Ortiz A.P.
- Ortiz P.J.
- Osler M.
- Osmond C.
- Ostojic S.M.
- Ostovar A.
- Otero J.A.
- Overvad K.
- Owusu-Dabo E.
- O�Neill T.W.
- O�Reilly D.
- Paccaud F.M.
- Paciorek C.J.
- Padez C.
- Pagkalos I.
- Pahomova E.
- PajÄ k A.
- Palli D.
- Palloni A.
- Palmieri L.
- Pan W.-H.
- Panda-Jonas S.
- Pandey A.
- Panza F.
- Papandreou D.
- Park S.-W.
- Parnell W.R.
- Parsaeian M.
- Pascanu I.M.
- Patel N.D.
- Pecin I.
- Pednekar M.S.
- Peer N.
- Peixoto S.V.
- Peltonen M.
- Pereira A.C.
- Perez-Farinos N.
- Peters A.
- Petersmann A.
- Petkeviciene J.
- Petrauskiene A.
- Peykari N.
- Pham S.T.
- Pierannunzio D.
- Pigeot I.
- Pikhart H.
- Pilav A.
- Pilotto L.
- Pistelli F.
- Pitakaka F.
- Piwonska A.
- Plans-Rubió P.
- Poh B.K.
- Pohlabeln H.
- Pop R.M.
- Popovic S.R.
- Porta M.
- Portegies M.L.P.
- Posch G.
- Poulimeneas D.
- Pouraram H.
- Pourshams A.
- Poustchi H.
- Pradeepa R.
- Price A.J.
- Price J.F.
- Puder J.J.
- Pudule I.
- Puhakka S.E.
- Puiu M.
- Punab M.
- Pérez C.M.
- Qasrawi R.F.
- Qorbani M.
- Quoc Bao T.
- Radhika M.S.
- Radic I.
- Radisauskas R.
- Rahman M.
- Rahman M.
- Raitakari O.
- Raj M.
- Rajkumar H.
- Rakhmatulloev S.
- Ramachandran A.
- Ramachandra Rao S.
- Ramke J.
- Ramos E.
- Ramos R.
- Rampal L.
- Rampal S.
- Rao K.M.
- Rascon-Pacheco R.A.
- Rasmussen M.
- Redon J.
- Reganit P.F.M.
- Regecová V.
- Revilla L.
- Ribas-Barba L.
- Ribeiro R.
- Riboli E.
- Rigo F.
- Riley L.M.
- Rinaldo N.
- Rinke de Wit T.F.
- Rito A.
- Ritti-Dias R.M.
- Rivera J.A.
- Robitaille C.
- Rodrigues D.
- Rodriguez-Martinez A.
- Rodriguez-Perez M.C.
- RodrÃguez-Artalejo F.
- RodrÃguez-Villamizar L.A.
- Rojas-Martinez R.
- Rojroongwasinkul N.
- Romaguera D.
- Rosengren A.
- Rouse I.
- Roy J.G.R.
- Rubinstein A.
- Ruidavets J.-B.
- Ruiz-Betancourt B.S.
- Ruiz Moreno E.
- Russo P.
- Rust P.
- Rutkowski M.
- Rühli F.J.
- Sabanayagam C.
- Sachdev H.S.
- Safiri S.
- Saidi O.
- Salanave B.
- Salazar-Martinez E.
- Salmerón D.
- Salomaa V.
- Salonen J.T.
- Salvetti M.
- Sandjaja
- Sans S.
- Santa-Marina L.
- Santos D.A.
- Santos I.S.
- Santos O.
- Santos R.
- Sanz S.S.
- Saramies J.L.
- Sardinha L.B.
- Sarrafzadegan N.
- Saum K.-U.
- Savin S.
- Savva S.
- Savy M.
- Scazufca M.
- Schaffrath Rosario A.
- Schargrodsky H.
- Schienkiewitz A.
- Schindler K.
- Schipf S.
- Schmidt C.O.
- Schmidt I.M.
- Schultsz C.
- Schutte A.E.
- Schöttker B.
- Sebert S.
- Sein A.A.
- Selamat R.
- Sember V.
- Sen A.
- Senbanjo I.O.
- Sepanlou S.G.
- Sequera V.
- Serra-Majem L.
- Servais J.
- Shalnova S.A.
- Sharma S.K.
- Shaw J.E.
- Shengelia L.
- Shibuya K.
- Shimizu-Furusawa H.
- Shin D.W.
- Shin Y.
- Si-Ramlee K.
- Siani A.
- Siantar R.
- Sibai A.M.
- Silva A.M.
- Silva D.A.S.
- Simon M.
- Simons J.
- Simons L.A.
- Sjöberg A.
- Sjöström M.
- Slowikowska-Hilczer J.
- Slusarczyk P.
- Smeeth L.
- Snijder M.B.
- So H.-K.
- Sobngwi E.
- Soekatri M.Y.E.
- Soemantri A.
- Solfrizzi V.
- Solomon B.D.
- Sonestedt E.
- Song Y.
- Sophiea M.K.
- Sori� M.
- Sossa Jérome C.
- Soumaré A.
- Spinelli A.
- Spiroski I.
- Staessen J.A.
- Stamm H.
- Starc G.
- Stathopoulou M.G.
- Staub K.
- Stavreski B.
- Steene-Johannessen J.
- Stehle P.
- Stein A.D.
- Stergiou G.S.
- Stessman J.
- Stevens G.A.
- Stocks T.
- Stokwiszewski J.
- Stratton G.
- Stronks K.
- Strufaldi M.W.
- Sturua L.
- Stöckl D.
- Sun C.-A.
- Sundström J.
- Sung Y.-T.
- Sunyer J.
- Suriyawongpaisal P.
- Suárez-Medina R.
- Swinburn B.A.
- Sy R.G.
- Sylva R.C.
- Szponar L.
- Sánchez-Abanto J.
- Söderberg S.
- Sørensen T.I.A.
- Taddei C.
- Tai E.S.
- Tammesoo M.-L.
- Tamosiunas A.
- Tan E.J.
- Tang X.
- Tanser F.
- Tao Y.
- Tarawneh M.R.
- Tarp J.
- Tarqui-Mamani C.B.
- Taxová Braunerová R.
- Taylor A.
- Tchibindat F.
- Tebar W.R.
- Tell G.
- Tello T.
- Theobald H.
- Theodoridis X.
- Thijs L.
- Thuesen B.H.
- Tichá L.
- Timmermans E.J.
- Tjonneland A.
- Tolonen H.K.
- Tolstrup J.S.
- Topbas M.
- Topór-Madry R.
- Tormo M.J.
- Tornaritis M.J.
- Torrent M.
- Toselli S.
- Traissac P.
- Trichopoulos D.
- Trichopoulou A.
- Trinh O.T.H.
- Trivedi A.
- Tsao Y.-H.
- Tshepo L.
- Tsigga M.
- Tsugane S.
- Tulloch-Reid M.K.
- Tullu F.
- Tuomainen T.-P.
- Tuomilehto J.
- Turley M.L.
- Tynelius P.
- Tzotzas T.
- Tzourio C.
- Ueda P.
- Ugel E.E.
- Ukoli F.A.M.
- Ulmer H.
- Unal B.
- Uusitalo H.M.T.
- Vaitkeviciute J.
- Valdivia G.
- Vale S.
- Valvi D.
- van der Schouw Y.T.
- Van Herck K.
- Van Minh H.
- van Rossem L.
- Van Schoor N.M.
- van Valkengoed I.G.M.
- Vanderschueren D.
- Vanuzzo D.
- Varela-Moreiras G.
- Varona-Pérez P.
- Vatten L.
- Vega T.
- Veidebaum T.
- Velasquez-Melendez G.
- Velika B.
- Veronesi G.
- Verschuren W.M.M.
- Victora C.G.
- Viegi G.
- Viet L.
- Vineis P.
- Vioque J.
- Virtanen J.K.
- Visser M.
- Visvikis-Siest S.
- Viswanathan B.
- Vlasoff T.
- Vollenweider P.
- Voutilainen A.
- Voutilainen S.
- Vrijheid M.
- Vrijkotte T.G.M.
- Völzke H.
- Wade A.N.
- Wagner A.
- Waldhör T.
- Walton J.
- Wanderley Jr.
- Wang M.-D.
- Wang Q.
- Wang X.
- Wang Y.-W.
- Wang Y.X.
- Wannamethee S.G.
- Wan Bebakar W.M.
- Wan Mohamud W.N.
- Wareham N.
- Weber A.
- Weerasekera D.
- Weghuber D.
- Wei W.
- Whincup P.H.
- Widhalm K.
- Widyahening I.S.
- Wiecek A.
- Wijga A.H.
- Wilks R.J.
- Willeit J.
- Willeit P.
- Wilsgaard T.
- Wojtyniak B.
- Wong J.E.
- Wong T.Y.
- Wong-McClure R.A.
- Woo J.
- Woodward M.
- Wu F.C.
- Wu J.
- Wu S.
- Xu H.
- Xu L.
- Yamborisut U.
- Yan W.
- Yang L.
- Yang X.
- Yang Y.
- Yardim N.
- Yaseri M.
- Ye X.
- Yiallouros P.K.
- Yngve A.
- Yoosefi M.
- Yoshihara A.
- You Q.S.
- You S.-L.
- Younger-Coleman N.O.
- Yusoff A.F.
- Zaccagni L.
- Zafiropulos V.
- Zainuddin A.A.
- Zamani F.
- Zamani F.
- Zambon S.
- Zampelas A.
- Zamrazilová H.
- Zapata M.E.
- Zaw K.K.
- Zdrojewski T.
- Zeljkovic Vrkic T.
- Zeng Y.
- Zhao D.
- Zhao W.
- Zheng W.
- Zheng Y.
- Zholdin B.
- Zhou B.
- Zhou M.
- Zhu D.
- Zhussupov B.
- Zimmermann E.
- Zuñiga Cisneros a.
- Zuñiga Cisneros J.
- �ngquist L.H.
- Publication venue
- Publication date
- Field of study
Body-mass index (BMI) has increased steadily in most countries in parallel with a rise in the proportion of the population who live in cities 1,2 . This has led to a widely reported view that urbanization is one of the most important drivers of the global rise in obesity 3�6 . Here we use 2,009 population-based studies, with measurements of height and weight in more than 112 million adults, to report national, regional and global trends in mean BMI segregated by place of residence (a rural or urban area) from 1985 to 2017. We show that, contrary to the dominant paradigm, more than 55 of the global rise in mean BMI from 1985 to 2017�and more than 80 in some low- and middle-income regions�was due to increases in BMI in rural areas. This large contribution stems from the fact that, with the exception of women in sub-Saharan Africa, BMI is increasing at the same rate or faster in rural areas than in cities in low- and middle-income regions. These trends have in turn resulted in a closing�and in some countries reversal�of the gap in BMI between urban and rural areas in low- and middle-income countries, especially for women. In high-income and industrialized countries, we noted a persistently higher rural BMI, especially for women. There is an urgent need for an integrated approach to rural nutrition that enhances financial and physical access to healthy foods, to avoid replacing the rural undernutrition disadvantage in poor countries with a more general malnutrition disadvantage that entails excessive consumption of low-quality calories. © 2019, The Author(s)
The Prevention of Infection in Childhood
- Publication venue
- 'SAGE Publications'
- Publication date
- Field of study
Sorption of water by polyester melamine films of network structure
- Author
- Publication venue
- 'Elsevier BV'
- Publication date
- Field of study
Congenital rubella syndrome in Western Australia
- Author
- Publication venue
- 'Wiley'
- Publication date
- Field of study
- …