ВОЗМОЖНОСТИ ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЯ БАКТЕРИОФАГОВ В ХИРУРГИИ И ТРАНСПЛАНТОЛОГИИ

The review of the modern data about bacteriophages and to their application to surgery is presented. Interest to bacteriophages is closely connected with an urgency of a problem of postoperative infectious complications and to resistance increase nosocomial species microbes to antibiotics. Successful demonstrative application of bacteriophages on experimental models for a reduction of is conditional-pathogenic microbes in biofilms, for treatment septicemia at the animals, caused resistance species P. aeruginosa, Klebsiella spp., Staphylococcus and other microbes is described. Positive results on application of bacteriophages in surgery are received at treatment of the infected wounds, peritonitis, infectious complications after liver and kidney transplantation. New mechanisms of action of bacteriophages, including their influence on transplantology immunity are resulted. Use of phages as alternatives of treatment and preventive maintenance of a superinfection at imunocomprometive patients is perspective. Представлен обзор современных данных о бактериофагах и их применении в хирургии. Интерес к бактериофагам тесно связан с актуальностью проблемы послеоперационных инфекционных осложнений и увеличения резистентности нозокомиальных штаммов микробов к антибиотикам. Описано успешное доказательное применение бактериофагов на экспериментальных моделях для редукции условно-патогенных микробов в биопленках, для лечения септицемии у животных, вызванной МРШ синегнойных, кишечных палочек, клебсиелл, стафилококков и других микробов. Получены положительные результаты по применению бактериофагов в хирургии при лечении инфицированных ран, перитонита, инфекционных осложне после трансплантации печени и почки. Приведены новые механизмы действия бактериофагов, в том числе их влияние на трансплантационный иммунитет. Перспективно использование фагов как альтернативы для лечения и профилактики суперинфекции у иммунокомпрометированных пациентов.

Significance of herpesvirus infections in the etiology of bronchopulmonary complications in patients undergoing heart transplantation

Objective. To study significance of herpesviruses in the development of infectious complications in patients after heart transplantation based on the detection of markers of herpesvirus infections. Materials and Methods. The paper presents the results of a comprehensive examination for markers (HVI) of patients who underwent orthotopic heart transplantation at the V.I. Shumakov National Medical Center of Transplantology and Artificial Organs (Moscow). A total of 86 patients were observed. To establish the etiological diagnosis of infectious complications, all the blood serum and blood cell samples were analyzed for markers of herpesvirus infections. The titers of IgM and IgG antibodies to herpesviruses (HSV1, HSV-2, EBV, CMV and HCV-6) in blood serum were determined using enzyme-linked immunoassay. Indirect immunofluorescence was used to detect herpesviruses and their antigens in peripheral blood leukocytes. Early CMV and HCV-6 antigens as well as reproduction of HSV and EBV were detected by a rapid cultural method. Results. There was a wide prevalence of herpesviruses in the studied groups. It was shown that in all groups of patients with reduced immunity, herpesviruses always manifested themselves as mixed infections. Conclusions. The study gives grounds to carry out laboratory diagnostics for all patients in order to differentiate the types of herpes viruses and the degree of their activity in order to identify activation and relief of infectious processes caused by herpes viral infections

POSSIBILITES OF BACTERIOPHAGES APPLICATION IN SURGERY AND TRANSPLANTATION

The review of the modern data about bacteriophages and to their application to surgery is presented. Interest to bacteriophages is closely connected with an urgency of a problem of postoperative infectious complications and to resistance increase nosocomial species microbes to antibiotics. Successful demonstrative application of bacteriophages on experimental models for a reduction of is conditional-pathogenic microbes in biofilms, for treatment septicemia at the animals, caused resistance species P. aeruginosa, Klebsiella spp., Staphylococcus and other microbes is described. Positive results on application of bacteriophages in surgery are received at treatment of the infected wounds, peritonitis, infectious complications after liver and kidney transplantation. New mechanisms of action of bacteriophages, including their influence on transplantology immunity are resulted. Use of phages as alternatives of treatment and preventive maintenance of a superinfection at imunocomprometive patients is perspective

Study of antibody production to Tamm-Horsfall protein in renal transplant donors and recipients

The content of Tamm-Horsfall protein was measured in the urine of humans without renal diseases, pregnant women, and donors and recipients of renal transplant using a new test system for measuring Tamm-Horsfall protein including antigenic diagnostic agent and immune serum. Production of antibodies to Tamm-Horsfall protein was characterized using antigen diagnostic system. © Springer Science+Business Media, Inc. 2006

Study of antibody production to Tamm-Horsfall protein in renal transplant donors and recipients

The content of Tamm-Horsfall protein was measured in the urine of humans without renal diseases, pregnant women, and donors and recipients of renal transplant using a new test system for measuring Tamm-Horsfall protein including antigenic diagnostic agent and immune serum. Production of antibodies to Tamm-Horsfall protein was characterized using antigen diagnostic system. © Springer Science+Business Media, Inc. 2006

Methodological approaches to detection of Tamm-Horsfall protein

A new test system for measuring Tamm-Horsfall protein was developed. The system consists of antigenic diagnostic agent and immune serum. The specificity and sensitivity of the reagents were determined. The system was tested on 52 urine samples from subjects without renal diseases. © Springer Science+Business Media, Inc. 2005

Methodological approaches to detection of Tamm-Horsfall protein

A new test system for measuring Tamm-Horsfall protein was developed. The system consists of antigenic diagnostic agent and immune serum. The specificity and sensitivity of the reagents were determined. The system was tested on 52 urine samples from subjects without renal diseases. © Springer Science+Business Media, Inc. 2005