Risk Assessment of Land Degradation Using Satellite Imagery and Geospatial Modelling in Ukraine

In this publication, the authors considered the effect of unprecedented human activity into land degradation and desertification processes in Ukraine. The land degradation mapping technique based on processing of a two-level model for multispectral satellite imagery of low and medium spatial resolution was described. This technique was used to investigate land degradation and desertification within relatively pristine and human-inspired mining and industrial landscapes located in the central, southern, and eastern parts of Ukraine. In each particular case, the authors offered thematic land degradation maps obtained as a result of multispectral images processing, allowed assessing the state and tendencies in land degradation processes within the study areas. Data obtained visually emphasize the level of anthropogenic stress, impact of long-term change of vegetation cover, and correlation of intensive development of mining, construction, agricultural and other human activities with high level of land degradation within investigated areas. The transition to adaptive farming systems implies the achievement of maximum compatibility between soil and plant, development of crop rotation, soil conservation tillage system. Conducted research on the creation of adaptive systems of crop production takes into account the environmental, landscape and geochemical peculiarities of the steppe zone of Ukraine, to get the production of environmentally safe agricultural products. They can be used in further studies of a differentiated approach to achieving a balanced potential of agricultural landscapes. Remote detecting of degradation and desertification processes intensification at early stages will be able to promote further measures for improving the territories conditions. The further research has to be directed on development of geoinformation technologies for landscape changes remote mapping

Features of pulsed synchronization of a systems with a tree-dimensional phase space

Features of synchronization picture in the system with the limit cycle embedded in a three-dimensional phase space are considered. By the example of Ressler system and Dmitriev - Kislov generator under the action of a periodic sequence of delta - function it is shown, that synchronization picture significantly depends on the direction of pulse action. Features of synchronization tons appeared in these models are observed.Comment: 16 pages, 11 figure

Fabrication and properties of L-arginine-doped PCL electrospun composite scaffolds

The article describes fabrication and properties of composite fibrous scaffolds obtained by electrospinning of the solution of poly({\epsilon}-caprolactone) and arginine in common solvent. The influence of arginine content on structure, mechanical, surface and biological properties of the scaffolds was investigated. It was found that with an increase of arginine concentration diameter of the scaffold fibers was reduced, which was accompanied by an increase of scaffold strength and Young modulus. It was demonstrated that porosity and water contact angle of the scaffold are independent from arginine content. The best cell adhesion and viability was shown on scaffolds with arginine concentration from 0.5 to 1 % wt

Holographic volume gratings in a glass-like polymer material

We demonstrate a possibility to write efficient and thermally stable volume holographic gratings in a glassy polymer material based on PMMA and phenanthrenequinone with layers prepared, by casting the liquid solution of ingredients on a substrate and drying to a solid state. A high concentration of phenanthrenequinone (up to 4mol.%) makes it possible to use photosensitive layers of lower thicknesses (50–180 μm) for the recording of efficient holographic gratings. The exposing is followed by a thermal amplification of the grating due to diffusion of residual phenanthrenequinone molecules and fixation by an incoherent optical illumination. We present experimental temporal curves of the refractive index modulation and diffraction efficiency both under the exposure and the heating process. The behavior of the gratings under temperatures up to 140 ◦C has been studied

Исследование экстракта из лишайника Cetrária islándica после ультразвукового воздействия

An integral part of human healthy nutrition is intake of biologically active substances. Extraction is an important stage of isolation of different bioactive substances from plants and effectiveness of their extraction increases with the use of ultrasonic treatment. The aim of this research was to study an effect of different types of aqueous media and treatment methods on Cetraria islandica, including the use of principles of ultrasonic treatment and maceration methods (infusion). The experimental studies consisted in detecting an effect of the active acidity of the aqueous medium (solvent) and method of impact upon extraction on several physicochemical and rheological indicators. The experimental samples of extracts were examined by the following indicators: active acidity and redox potential detected by the ionometric technique; dynamic viscosity and the depth of output of polymeric forms of phenolic substances determined by measuring the optical density and transmission coefficient. Mathematical processing of data using the regression analysis was carried out. The results are presented as graphs, tables and regression equations. It has been established that transfer of substances from Cetraria islandica to its extracts had high results at pH = 7.0 and рН = 9.0 of the solvent. When obtaining extracts by the infusion method, the quantity of polymeric compounds in the transition process was 1.3 times higher than the quantity of monomeric forms of phenolic compounds. The highest value of the dynamic viscosity was revealed in the extract sample obtained by the infusion method in the alkaline medium. The extracts obtained can be used in food system modeling.Неотъемлемой частью здорового питания является поступление в организм человека биологически активных соединений. Экстракция — важнейший этап выделения из растений различных биоактивных веществ, и эффективность их извлечения повышается в совокупности с ультразвуковой обработкой. Цель данного исследования — изучить влияние различных видов водной среды и способов обработки на цетрарию исландскую, в том числе с использованием принципов ультразвуковой обработки и методом мацерации (настаивание). Экспериментальные исследования заключались в установлении влияния активной кислотности водной среды (растворителя) и метода воздействия при проведении экстракции на ряд физико-химических и реологических показателей. Исследованы опытные образцы экстрактов по следующим показателям: активная кислотность и окислительно-восстановительный потенциал, выявленные с помощью ионометрического метода; динамическая вязкость и глубина выхода полимерных форм фенольных веществ, установленные измерением оптической плотности и коэффициента пропускания. Проведена математическая обработка данных с использованием регрессионного анализа. Результаты представлены в виде графиков, таблиц и уравнений регрессии. Установлено, что переход веществ из цетрарии исландской в экстракты из нее имели высокие результаты при рН = 7,0 и рН = 9,0 растворителя. При получении экстрактов методом настаивания количество полимерных соединений в процессе перехода в 1,3 раза превышало число мономерных форм фенольных соединений. Наибольшее значение по исследуемому показателю «динамическая вязкость» было выявлено в образце экстракта, полученном методом настаивания в щелочной среде. Выделенные экстракты могут быть применены при моделировании пищевых систем

Asymptomatic cholelithiasis in bariatric practice

Background: The need for simultaneous cholecystectomy for asymptomatic cholelithiasis in patients undergoing bariatric intervention has not been proven. The experience of managing patients with obesity and concomitant disease cholelithiasis is presented. Aim: to determine the indications for simultaneous cholecystectomy and bariatric surgery in the combination of morbid obesity and a asymptomatic cholelithiasis. Methods: The results of observation of 37 patients with initially asymptomatic cholelithiasis were analyzed: 27 patients underwent bariatric surgery and simultaneous cholecystectomy, and 10 patients underwent only bariatric surgery. The immediate and long-term results of the treatment, the quality of life of patients and the cost of the treatment were assessed. Results: During 12 months of the follow-up, none of the patients who underwent simultaneous cholecystectomy developed any complications. Of the 10 patients in the observation group, 3 were operated on. Two patients underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis and one patient was operated on for choledocholithiasis with obstructive jaundice. The greatest improvement in the quality of life was observed in the gastric bypass group with simultaneous cholecystectomy. The treatment cost per patient was lower in that group, too. Conclusion: In the presence of asymptomatic cholelithiasis in a patient with morbid obesity, bariatric intervention and simultaneous cholecystectomy prevents the development of complications of cholelithiasis and thereby potentially improves the quality of life and reduces the cost of medical care

CORDIC-ТЕХНИКА ДЛЯ ФИКСИРОВАННОГО УГЛА ВРАЩЕНИЯ В ОПЕРАЦИИ УМНОЖЕНИЯ КВАТЕРНИОНОВ

The article contains a number of solutions for the key element of paraunitary filter banks based on quaternionic algebra (Q-PUBF) – the multiplier of quaternions with usage of CORDIC (Coordinate Rotation Digital Computer) techniques for the fixed angle of rotation where, unlike known solutions, 4D rotation control parameters are represented by nonlinear function of shifts number of input operands of the microrotation operation. Suggested approach of the multiplier designing on a quaternion-constant allows reaching the maximum performance of the multiplier scheme with low use of resources, for example, of FPGA.Предлагается ряд решений ключевого элемента параунитарного банка фильтров на основе алгебры кватернионов – умножителя кватернионов с использованием CORDIC (Coordinate Rotation Digital Computer)-техники для фиксированного угла вращения, в которых в отличие от известных решений параметры управления 4D-вращением представляются нелинейной функцией числа сдвигов входных операндов операции микровращения. Предложенный подход проектирования умножителя на кватернион-константу позволяет достигать максимальной производительности схемы умножителя при скромном использовании ресурсов, например FPGA

ТЕОРЕТИЧЕСКИЙ АНАЛИЗ ВОЗМОЖНОСТЕЙ АКТИВИРОВАНИЯ ПРОЦЕССА ИСТЕЧЕНИЯ ЖИДКОСТИ ИЗ ПЕН НА ПРИМЕРЕ ПЕНЫ КАРТОФЕЛЕКРАХМАЛЬНОГО ПРОИЗВОДСТВА

The article shows the results of the theoretical analysis of the methods of an effective impact on production foams, which reduce their average “resistance”. The article presents the assessment of the impact of increased and decreased pressure over the foam volume on the effectiveness of interbubble fluid outflow as the main component which determines foam fracture properties.В статье представлены результаты теоретического анализа методов эффективного влияния на производственные пены, позволяющие снизить их среднюю продолжительность «стойкости». Дана оценка влиянию повышенного и пониженного давлений над объемом пены на эффективность истечения межпузырьковой жидкости как основного компонента, определяющего устойчивость пен к разрушению