О МАТЕМАТИЧЕСКИХ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯХ В. Н. КУЗНЕЦОВА (К 70-ЛЕТИЮ СО ДНЯ РОЖДЕНИЯ)

This article is dedicated to the 70th anniversary of a prominent specialist in the analytic theory of numbers — Valentin Nikolaevich Kuznetsov. An overview of the main stages of professional formation and growth V. N. Kuznetsova. Analyzed the main directions of fundamental and applied mathematical research. The list of the main scientific publications of V. N. Kuznetsova and topics of theses, for which V. N. Kuznetsov was the supervisor.Эта статья посвящена 70-летию видного специалиста по аналитической теории чисел — Валентину Николаевичу Кузнецову. Дан обзор основных этапов профессионального становления и роста В. Н. Кузнецова. Проанализированы основные направления его фундаментальных математических и прикладных исследований. Представлен список основных научных публикаций В. Н. Кузнецова и тематика диссертаций, по которым В. Н. Кузнецов был научным руководителем

Лекарственно-индуцированные поражения легких противоопухолевыми препаратами: распространенность, некоторые препараты и механизмы их воздействия. Часть 2

The article analyzes 49 publications on adverse drug reactions occurring during therapy with antitumor drugs. It presents data on pneumotoxicity and its clinical manifestations for such anticancer drugs as bleomycin, busulfan, cyclophosphamide, chlorambucil, methotrexate, nitrosourea derivatives, and taxanes, while the mechanisms of lung injury are not entirely clear and require further research. The prevention of drug-induced lung injury requires raising awareness among practicing physicians of different specialties, primarily general practitioners, rheumatologists, clinical immunologists, pulmonologists, phthisiologists, and oncologists due to non-specific manifestations of drug-induced lung injury and the use of antitumor drugs for other diseases apart from cancer.Проанализировано 49 источников литературы о нежелательных лекарственных реакциях, возникающих при терапии противоопухолевыми препаратами. Представлены данные о пневмотоксичности и ее клинических проявлениях для таких противоопухолевых препаратов, как блеомицин, бусульфан, циклофосфамид, хлорамбуцил, метотрексат, производные нитрозомочевины, таксаны, при этом механизмы развития поражения легких не совсем ясны, что требует дальнейших исследований. Для профилактики лекарственно-индуцированного поражения легких необходима информированность практикующих врачей разных специальностей, прежде всего терапевтов, ревматологов, клинических иммунологов, пульмонологов, фтизиатров, онкологов, ввиду неспецифичности симптомов лекарственно-индуцированного поражения легких и применения противоопухолевых лекарственных средств не только при развитии онкологических заболеваний

ПИХТИЛЬКОВ СЕРГЕЙ АЛЕКСЕЕВИЧ Жизнь и научная деятельность

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ПРОГНОСТИЧЕСКИЕ ФАКТОРЫ НЕБЛАГОПРЯТНОГО ТЕЧЕНИЯ ОСТРОГО ИНФАРКТА МИОКАРДА У ПАЦИЕНТОВ С САХАРНЫМ ДИАБЕТОМ 2-го ТИПА ПРИ ИНТЕНСИВНОМ КОНТРОЛЕ ГЛИКЕМИИ

Objective. To determine predictors of complications of myocardial infarction (MI) in patients with type 2 diabetes (2TDM) and it’s value of intensive glycemic control during insulin infusion.Methods. The study included 112 patients with MI and 2TDM at first day of hospital admission with blood glucose level above 7.8 mmol/l. Prognosis of combined study endpoint included the death and ma-jor complications of MI for the hospital and long-term (6-month) stages. The statistical analysis was per-formed (Statistica 6.0 for Windows). The predictive value was assessed with ROC-curves analysis meth-od.Results. Intensive glycemic control with insulin infusion reduced the activity of lipid peroxidation and improve prediction of study endpoint. Predictors of adverse hospital prognosis of MI in association with type 2 diabetes were hyperglycemia on admission above 10 mmol/l, and increase of C-peptide. The in-crease of C-peptide in the 1st and 7th day, hs-CRP on day 1, diene conjugates on the 7th day and glucose level on admission above 8.9 mmol/l (patients without 2TDM) and 14.3 mmol/l (patients with 2TDM) had the 6-month predictive value.Conclusion. The strict achievement of the target level of glucose in acute MI improves it’s prognosis at the hospital and at a 6-month prospective study.Цель работы – определить предикторы неблагоприятного течения острого инфаркта миокарда (ОИМ) у больных сахарным диабетом 2-го типа (СД-2) и прогностическое значение интенсивного контроля гликемии при проведении инфузионной инсулинотерапии (ИИТ).Материал и методы. В исследовании приняли участие 112 пациентов с ОИМ, которые поступили в порядке скорой медицинской помощи в течение 1-х сут с диагнозом «инфаркт миокарда» и уровнем глюкозы в крови при поступлении выше 7,8 ммоль/л. Неблагоприятный исход оценивали по наступлению конечной точки, означающей смерть пациента или развитие основных осложнений ИМ для госпитального и отдаленного (6-месячного) этапов. Определяли показатели углеводного обмена (концентрацию в крови инсулина, С-пептида), уровни маркеров перекисного окисления липидов (ПОЛ) (ТБК-активные продукты, диеновые конъюгаты, свободные жирные кислоты) и воспаления (вч-СРБ). Статистический анализ проводили с использованием пакета прикладных программ Statistica 6.0 for Windows, для оценки прогностической ценности результатов регрессионного анализа использовали метод ROC-кривых.Результаты. В результате исследования были подтверждены развитие инсулинорезистентности, активация процессов ПОЛ и воспаления, которые сохранялись на протяжении 6-месячного периода и преобладали у больных СД-2. Интенсивный контроль гликемии проведением ИИТ в острый период ОИМ снижал активность процессов ПОЛ и улучшал госпитальный прогноз по конечной точке исследования. Предикторами неблагоприятного госпитального прогноза ИМ в ассоциации с СД-2 были гипергликемия при поступлении выше 10 ммоль/л, повышение на 1-е сут уровня  С-пептида, для 6-месячного прогноза – повышение уровня С-пептида на 1-е и 7-е сут, вч-СРБ на 1-е сут и диеновых конъюгатов на 7-е сут ОИМ. Неблагоприятный 6-месячный прогноз ассоциирован с повышением уровня глюкозы при поступлении больного в стационар выше 8,9 ммоль/л для больных без диабета и выше 14,3  ммоль/л – для больных СД-2.Заключение. Проведение контролируемой ИИТ с достижением целевого уровня гликемии в острый период инфаркта миокарда улучшает течение и прогноз заболевания на госпитальном этапе и в 6-месячном периоде

CLINICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL APPROACHES TO OPTIMIZE THE DOSING REGIMEN OF ANTIBACTERIAL DRUGS IN PEDIATRICS

The rational use of antibacterial drugs in children implies an adequate choice of the necessary medication, its dosing regimen, and the duration of treatment in order to achieve maximum efficacy and minimize toxic effects. The knowledge of pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiles of the antibacterial drug plays a crucial role for optimizing the dosing regimen. The strategy of individual choice of the dosing regimen, taking into account the principles of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, can be especially effective in patients with the expectedly changed parameters of pharmacokinetics and in infections caused by bacteria strains with low sensitivity to antibiotics. The review presents a contemporary view of pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiles of antibacterial drugs most commonly used in pediatrics and their relationship to the clinical efficacy of the administered therapy

Assessment of destruction of polyethylene modified with pro-oxidants in the context of environmental safety

The paper presents the results of the evaluation of the destruction of polyethylene LDPE (hereinafter-PE), modified by prooxidants based on iron, copper and cobalt carboxylates (in the amount of 1.5 mass. % ) with accelerated thermal and ultraviolet aging for 192 hours. The assessment of degradation in the context of environmental safety included the determination of the degree of compliance of the materials with the requirements of state standard 33747-2016 "Oxo-biodegradable packaging", according to which the criterion of the efficiency of oxobiodestructionpolyolefins may be a decrease in strength and elongation at break of the sample at accelerated aging, as well as the quantitative determination of the release of formaldehyde during thermal degradation modified with prooxidants PE for comparison with the maximum permissible concentration. The rheological parameters of the materials were studied and a comparative assessment of the melt viscosity reduction and reduction with respect to elongation at break in the dynamics of accelerated thermal and UV aging of the PE modified with prooxidants in the selected time interval of 192 hours of exposure was carried out. A decrease in the relative elongation at rupture of PE containing cobalt - based prooxidant by 94% at thermal aging for 192 hours, and by 46% at ultraviolet was established. For PE modified with copper carboxylate, these values were 64 and 33 %, respectively, for PE modified with iron carboxylate – 35% and 40%, respectively. The reduction of strength by 95% of the initial value for 192 hours of temperature exposure was achieved in a sample modified with cobalt, which confirms its compliance with state standard 33747-2016. For other samples, the degree of strength reduction in the selected time interval does not allow to assess compliance with the specified standard. The release of formaldehyde during thermal aging for 192 hours per 1 g of the PE sample modified with cobalt carboxylate was 0.051 mg/m3, for PE modified with copper carboxylate – 0.032 mg/m3, for PE modified with iron carboxylate – 0.034 mg/m3. Installed excessive concentrations of formaldehyde in air hood PH with the carboxylate of cobalt 1.2 times under thermal aging 96 hours and 1.5 times the thermal ageing of a maximum of 192 hours. The reduction of the viscosity of PE containing cobalt – based prooxidant by 90% at thermal aging for 192 hours and by 10% at ultraviolet was recorded. For PE modified with copper carboxylate, these values were 9 and 2 %, respectively, for PE modified with iron carboxylate – 8 and 5%, respectively

STUDY OF ANALGESIC EFFICIENCY AND SAFETY OF THE TRANSVERSUS ABDOMINIS PLANE BLOCK IN FEMALE PATIENTS AFTER HYSTERECTOMY

Hysterectomy is an extensive surgical intervention, which is accompanied by heavy post surgical pain syndrome. Despite mainstreaming of the combined anaesthesis concept, which implies the simultaneous prescription of several analgesics with different mechanisms of action, frequently the quality of postoperative anesthesia continues to be unacceptable. Another option of the problem solution is to introduce the additional regional anesthesia practices, in particular the nerve block anesthesia in the transversus abdominis plane. This study allowed concluding that the block anesthesia of transversus abdominis plane block before hysterectomy does not result in significant reduction of postsurgical pain syndrome and morphine consumption during the first day after surgery, while significantly increases time of the first demand for morphine and helps reducing the dermic hyperalgesia area postoperatively

Vitamin D and acute respiratory infections: prevention or treatment?

Vitamin D has a large number of biological effects due to the effect on the vitamin D receptor, which is present in most tissues in  the body. The possible role of vitamin D in infections is explained by its effect on the mechanisms of the innate and acquired immune  response. Suppression of the inflammatory response is also an important effect of vitamin D.  Many scientists strongly believe that vitamin D deficiency is among the so-called «seasonal stimulators» of acute respiratory viral  infections (ARVI), the potential for the prophylactic and therapeutic use of vitamin D in the season of ARVI and influenza is of particular interest.  25-hydroxycalciferol-stimulated production of antimicrobial peptides, such as defensin and cathelicidin is the most important fact  proving the possible protective role of vitamin D in influenza and other acute respiratory infections. These endogenous peptides  have a direct action, destroying not only microbial pathogens, but also viruses, including the influenza virus