On guarantee optimization under conditions of integral constraints on control actions and nonterminal quality index

A linear-convex problem of dynamical guarantee optimization under conditions of unknown disturbances and with positional quality index that estimates a set of deviations of the motion of the controlled system at given instants of time from given target points is considered. Control actions are bounded by both geometrical and integral constraints. Disturbance actions are only geometrically bounded. A procedure for approximate computing of the optimal guaranteed result and of the corresponding optimal closed-loop control law is elaborated. The method is based on recurrent constructions of upper convex hulls of auxiliary program functions. Results of numerical experiments on model examples are given. © 2015, IFAC (International Federation of Automatic Control) Hosting by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved

Atomic Force and Electron Scanning Microscopy of Silicone Composites

The conclusions of direct numerical simulation obtained earlier, within the cluster quantum-chemical approximation, are used in experimental investigations of polydimethylsiloxane composites with schungit or silica. The surface structure of these composites by atomic force and scanning electron microscopy was studied. Correlation of the distribution of micro- and nanodimensional fillers in the polymer matrix with the physical-mechanical properties of the composites was established

Scanning Probe Microscopy of Elastomers with Mineral Fillers

The results of a comprehensive study of the newly synthesized elastomeric composites filled with micro- and nanoscale modified shungite and also taurit, diatomit, and neosyl fillers are presented. The surface structure study of the prepared composites was conducted using scanning probe microscopy. The use of microscopy allowed visualization of the distribution patterns of filler aggregates and agglomerates in composites. The morphology and micro-nanometer size ranges of these aggregates in the synthesized materials are determined. The proposed method of grinding shungite, taurit, diatomit, and neosyl fillers allows significantly increasing the strength characteristics of these composites. The correlation between the reinforcement of the elastic-strength properties and the distribution of the used fillers in the rubber matrix was established

Morphological changes in the brain in liver cirrhosis of alcoholic and viral etiology

Background. Hepatic encephalopathy is an actual problem of modern medicine. However, its pathogenesis and histological picture are currently insufficiently studied. Less is known about the impact of the nature of primary liver disease on pathogenesis and histological picture of hepatic encephalopathy. This determines the relevance of further morphological studies of the brain in the late stages of liver cirrhosis of various etiologies.The aim. To establish and compare the morphological changes in the brain in alcoholic liver cirrhosis and viral (hepatitis C virus (HCV)) cirrhosis.Materials and methods. The morphological study of the brain of 40 deceased in outcome of HCV-associated cirrhosis and 23 patients died in outcome of chronic alcoholism was carried out. Histological changes in various parts of the brain were studied using survey and elective stains. The immunohistochemical study of HCV NS3 and CD68 expression in different brain regions was performed in cases of HCV-infection.Results. The changes of neurons, glial cells and cerebral microvessels underlie in the basis of morphological picture of brain damage in both studied groups underlie that corresponds to the “classical” model of hepatic encephalopathy pathogenesis. At the same time, a number of morphological features were observed. The most prominent differences concerned the manifestations of the glial reaction. The productive changes of macroglial cells with the appearance of multiple Alzheimer’s astrocytes type 2 as well as spongious changes in subcortical white matter dominated in the observations of alcoholic cirrhosis. In contrast, microglia cells reaction (microgliosis) in white matter was noticed in HCV-associated cirrhosis.Conclusions. The differences in histological signs of brain in the terminal stages of liver disease of viral and alcoholic etiology are shown. They broaden current idea of morphological picture of hepatic encephalopathy, and may be used to study its pathogenesis