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    Π˜Π½Ρ„Ρ€Π°ΡΡ‚Ρ€ΡƒΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Π° ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΡ€Ρ‹Ρ‚ΠΎΠΉ Π½Π°ΡƒΠΊΠΈ Π² России ΠΈ ΠΌΠΈΡ€Π΅

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    The article gives an overview of open access projects that form the new infrastructure for scientific communication. It provides information on initiatives and programs contributing to the development of open science in Russia and in the world. The paper also describes innovative scientific projects and platforms that significantly accelerate exchange of information and communication between scientists and create new opportunities for their cooperation and for society.The scientific novelty of the article consists in the distinction between the notions of β€˜publication’ and β€˜article’ or β€˜edition’ in the context of scientific communication and the work of libraries, the description of the challenges that the new media era puts behind the system of scientific communications and libraries, and Russian projects, which aim to solve the described problems.The system of scientific communication has transformed significantly over the past two decades, alternative channels of information exchange are beginning to play a leading role and become the competitors of the traditional media (scientific journals), which have converted into electronic form, but still remain rooted in the past, supported by the inertia of administration of science.In Russia the achievements of open science are still much too modest compared to Europe, but the necessary background has already been created by libraries and non-for-profit organizations. Further development of such projects will depend on whether government, libraries and universities could use these instruments and the capabilities of the new media, reorienting to a new paradigm of access to scientific information.ΠŸΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ ΠΎΠ±Π·ΠΎΡ€ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠ² ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΡ€Ρ‹Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ доступа ΠΊ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡƒΡŽ инфраструктуру Π½Π°ΡƒΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΡƒΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ, Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ свСдСния ΠΎΠ± ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠ°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ… ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ°Ρ…, ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… Ρ€Π°Π·Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΡŽ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΡ€Ρ‹Ρ‚ΠΎΠΉ Π½Π°ΡƒΠΊΠΈ Π² России ΠΈ ΠΌΠΈΡ€Π΅. РассмотрСны ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π½Π°ΡƒΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Ρ‹ ΠΈ ΠΏΠ»Π°Ρ‚Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΡ‹, Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ ΡƒΡΠΊΠΎΡ€ΡΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ процСсс ΠΎΠ±ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π° ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΡƒΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρƒ ΡƒΡ‡Ρ‘Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½Ρ†ΠΈΠΏΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Π΅ возмоТности для Π½Π°ΡƒΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΡƒΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ с Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠΈ зрСния общСства.Научная Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ·Π½Π° ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΠΈ состоит Π² Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π²ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²Ρ‹Π΅ сформулированы различия ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρƒ понятиями Β«ΠΈΠ·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅Β» ΠΈ Β«ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅Β» Π² контСкстС Π½Π°ΡƒΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΡƒΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ Π΄Π΅ΡΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡ‚Π΅ΠΊ, Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ выявлСны Π²Ρ‹Π·ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ставит ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ систСмой Π½Π°ΡƒΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΡƒΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ эпоха Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ°, ΠΈ российскиС ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Ρ‹, ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ·Π²Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ эти ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ‹.ΠŸΠΎΠ΄Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ€ΠΊΠ½ΡƒΡ‚ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ систСма Π½Π°ΡƒΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΡƒΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π½ΡΡ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»Π°ΡΡŒ Π·Π° послСдниС Π΄Π²Π° дСсятилСтия ΠΈ Π²Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡ‰ΡƒΡŽ Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΡŒ Π² Π½Π΅ΠΉ Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΠ½Π°ΡŽΡ‚ ΠΈΠ³Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π°Π»ΡŒΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π½Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΊΠ°Π½Π°Π»Ρ‹ ΠΎΠ±ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π° ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΡΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡƒΡ€Π΅Π½Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π΄ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ° (Π½Π°ΡƒΡ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»Π°ΠΌ), хотя ΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π΄ΡˆΠΈΠΌ Π² ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ½Π½ΡƒΡŽ Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΡƒ, Π½ΠΎ Π²ΠΎ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΎΡ…Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΠ²ΡˆΠΈΠΌ Π²Π΅Ρ€Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ Β«Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉΒ» Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ΅.ΠžΡ‚ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π² России созданы для быстрого развития ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΡ€Ρ‹Ρ‚ΠΎΠΉ Π½Π°ΡƒΠΊΠΈ всС прСдпосылки, ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ€Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ΡΡ Π² ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²ΡƒΡŽ ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ΡŒ Π½Π° ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠ°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Ρ‹ Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡ‚Π΅ΠΊ ΠΈ общСствСнных ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΉ: Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡ‚Π΅Ρ‡Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΈ вузовскоС сообщСства Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π½Π° Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡƒΡŽ ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Π΄ΠΈΠ³ΠΌΡƒ доступа ΠΊ Π½Π°ΡƒΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ

    Π Π΅ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΡ€Ρ‹Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ доступа: Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ Ρ‚Π΅Π½Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ развития

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    Open access repositories are an integral part of open science infrastructure that ensures the accessibility and findability of research results. This article is based on the analysis of the various types of repositories. The authors attempted to identify main functions of these platforms, their features and development trends. The sample includes 11 repositories, both institutional and thematic projects, and also general-purpose platforms. The main function of repositories is the storage of publications, although over time the role of these services as the publication priority registrators is increasing. Projects typically feature pre-moderation procedures, as well as a rather careful attitude to the metadata and its accuracy. Only one repository charges publication fee, their revenue come from sponsorship funds, donations, advertising, additional paid services (in various combinations). The possibilities of social interaction as a rule are quite limited: neither reviewing, nor even commenting are built-in functions of the reviewed projects. Collective work on the manuscript is also impossible. The trends of repositories future development are the diversification of formats and types of works exchanged by scientists, as well as the increasing of the importance of non-profit projects for the scientific communication infrastructure.Π Π΅ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΡ€Ρ‹Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ доступа – Π½Π΅ΠΎΡ‚ΡŠΠ΅ΠΌΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ Ρ‡Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒ инфраструктуры ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΡ€Ρ‹Ρ‚ΠΎΠΉ Π½Π°ΡƒΠΊΠΈ. Они ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ Π΄ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡƒΠΏΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈ Π½Π°Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² Π½Π°ΡƒΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… исслСдований. На основС структурного Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° Ρ€Π΅ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ΅Π² Ρ€Π°Π·- Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ² Π²Ρ‹Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Ρ‹ основныС Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΠ»Π°Ρ‚Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌ, ΠΈΡ… особСнности, Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Ρ‚Π΅Π½Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ развития. Π’Ρ‹Π±ΠΎΡ€ΠΊΠ° Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ 11 Ρ€Π΅ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ΅Π², срСди ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡ‚ΠΈΡ‚ΡƒΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΈ тСматичСскиС ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Ρ‹, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΈ ΠΏΠ»Π°Ρ‚Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΡ‹ ΡˆΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠΊΠΎ- Π³ΠΎ профиля. Основная функция Ρ€Π΅ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ΅Π² – Ρ€Π΅Π·Π΅Ρ€Π²Π½ΠΎΠ΅ Ρ…Ρ€Π°Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ. Π‘ΠΎ Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅ΠΌ возрастаСт Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΡŒ этих сСрвисов ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ «рСгистраторов» ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ- ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ‚Π° ΠΏΡƒΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ. ВсС ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Ρ‹ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Ρ‚ Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ, Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ довольно Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Π°Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΈ ΠΈΡ… чистотС. Волько ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ ΠΈΠ· Ρ€Π΅ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ΅Π² Π±Π΅Ρ€Ρ‘Ρ‚ ΠΏΠ»Π°Ρ‚Ρƒ Π·Π° Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‰Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ², Π΄ΠΎΡ…ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡƒΡŽ Ρ‡Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π±ΡŽΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Π° ΡΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ (Π² Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… комбинациях) спонсорскиС срСдства, поТСртвования, Ρ€Π΅ΠΊΠ»Π°ΠΌΠ°, Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΠ»Π°Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ сСрвисы. ВозмоТности ΡΠΎΡ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ взаимодСйствия достаточно ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π½Ρ‹: Π½ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅, Π½ΠΈ Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Ρ€Π΅Ρ†Π΅Π½Π·ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π΅ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ встроСнными функциями рассмотрСнных ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠ². ΠšΠΎΠ»Π»Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Π°Ρ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π° Π½Π°Π΄ Ρ€ΡƒΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΡŒΡŽ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π½Π΅ прСдусмотрСна. Авторы Π²Ρ‹Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Ρ‚Π΅Π½Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ развития Ρ€Π΅ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ΅Π², ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡƒΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ разнообразия Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΡƒΡ‡Ρ‘Π½Ρ‹Π΅, Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ значСния нСкоммСрчСских ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠ² для инфраструктуры Π½Π°ΡƒΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΡƒΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ

    Compliance of New Scientific Platforms with Formal Requirements for Scientific Publications

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    As a result of the development of the electronic environment, new actors appear in the scientific communication system, including repositories, mega-journals, and open peer review platforms, all of which operateΒ in accordance with the open science paradigm. At the same time, the results of the work of scientists are stillΒ being assessed by traditional databases and scientometric services based mostly on the citation counts, whichΒ Β is often irrelevant for the new projects due to non-compliance with formal criteria of such services. This articleΒ discusses the requirements of the Web of Science, Russian Science Citation Index, Scopus, and the Higher AttestationΒ  Commission (VAK) for the sources of scientific information, and analyzes 25 projects for compliance withΒ these requirements. It was revealed that some of the new projects do not meet the criteria due to the lack ofΒ traditional markers of the scientific publication. Based on the results obtained, a number of recommendationsΒ were formulated that will allow to adjust the requirements to reflect the new realities
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