Supply - Demand Analysis of fish in India

The economic growth, population pressure and changes in the dietary pattern have contributed to the increase in demand for animal origin foods in lndia. The fish prices had increased many times than all other food items over the years. An analysis of fish demand and supply situation in lndia is done and projections were made for the year 2020. Price and income elasticities of fish demand were estimated using exponential function. Export demand and tastes and preferences of consumers were not included in the demand analysis. The fish supply was projected using trend extrapolation method. Estimates of demand model showed that the household expenditure on fish in general as elastic. The study revealed that with the projected population and percapita income growth rates, fish demand in year 2020 will exceed the total fish supply from marine, inland and aquaculture sectors with the current production trend

Dynamic Optimization Model for Marine Fisheries Management in Kerala

Though the marine fish production in the state had registered an impressive growth between 1950 and 1980, it showed a dwindling tendency during 1981-87. The depletion in the stock of several marine fish species, diminishing catch of traditional fishermen and the adverse effect of bottom trawling on the ecosystem called for resource conservation and management measures through legislation

Sustainability of marine fish production in Kerala-A Bioeconomic analysis

The study has been undertaken in Kerala State in lndia with an - overall objective of analyzing the bioeconomic conditions of commercially exploited marine fishes for assessing their sustainability in the context of existing management practices. Maximum Sustainable Yield, Maximum Economic Yield and open access levels of yield and effort were analyzed using Gompertz-Fox growth model. The study concluded that the fishing effort exceeded the ecanomically optimal levels and there is unnecessary wastage of money, manpow and fuel in the fishing industry. The study stressed the urgent need for cap&lr@ fisheries management in the State which at present follows an open access fishery where regulations exist only in the form of seasonal -. closure in the monwan seaso

BIOANALYTICAL METHOD DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF IBRUTINIB IN BIOLOGICAL MATRICES BY LC-MS/MS

Objective: The main aim of the research was to develop a fast and highly sensitive bioanalytical LC-MS/MS technique for the quantitation of ibrutinib in human plasma. Methods: Chromatography has achieved on a reverse phase-symmetry C18 (75 mm × 4.6 mm, 3.5 µm) column with gradient elution by acetonitrile, methanol and 0.1%v/v formic acid as the mobile phase. Chromatographic peaks were resolved with 0.7 ml/min flow rate. Drug was extracted with ethyl acetate solvent by liquid-liquid extraction method. Monitoring of transition of m/z 441.2 and 55.01 for ibrutinib and 446.5 and 60.01 for Ibrutinib-D5 were made on multiple reaction monitoring. Results: Calibration curve of ibrutinib was linear over 1-600 ng/ml concentration range with a regression coefficient (r2) value of>0.99. The % RSD values were less than 8.5% for inter-day and intra-day precision and accuracy. The method has excellent recovery and the percentage recovery values of lower quality control (LQC), median quality control (MQC) and higher quality control (HQC) samples were 101.86%, 102.8%, and 99.28% respectively. Conclusion: The drug was stable for more time at variable stability conditions and method was successfully applicable to the regular analysis of ibrutinib in biological matrices

Activities of daily living amongst inmates of home for aged in Nagpur, Maharashtra, India: a cross sectional study

Background: Although persons of all ages may have problems performing the Activities of Daily Living (ADL), prevalence rates are much higher for the elderly (65 years and over) than for the non-elderly. Elderly population face many problems. They become economically dependent on family for their basic needs and health care. Due to nuclear family norm, there is no place for elderly parent who feel alone and insecure. The study was undertaken to assess activities of daily living and reasons for admitting in home for aged amongst them. Objectives of present study were to assess the activities of daily living (ADL) and to identify the reasons for admitting in home for aged, in two homes for aged in Nagpur city, Central India.Methods: A cross sectional study was undertaken in two homes for aged namely Panchvati Vridhashram, Umred road and Home for aged, Untakhana, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India. Total 176 study subjects had consented for participation in study.Results: Mean age of study subjects was 73.47±6.06 year ranging from 61 to 90 years. Proportion of female inmate was 55.11%. Around one-fifth of study subjects (19.32%) were illiterate. Significantly more illiterate study subjects were of female gender (chi- square=5.78, d.f.=1, P=0.016). Mean duration of stay in home for aged was 5.29±3.29 years with the range of 9 months to 17 years. Number of study subject’s dependent for at least one ADL was 37 (21.02%). Amongst dependents 32 (18.8%) inmates were partially dependent with ADL score of 1-5 and only 5 (2.85%) inmates were totally dependent with ADL score of 6-12. The proportion of inmates with dependency for at least one activity of activities of daily living increases as the age increases. Positive liner trend was observed between age and dependency (r=0.1971, P=0.0087).Conclusions: Prevalence of ADL dependency was 21.02% among the inmates of home for aged. Dependency for activities of daily living increases with increase in age. Major reasons for admission to the home for aged were - no one to look after, strained relation with family members and economic constraints. There is need for economic assistance through social security to economically dependent inmates

A bioeconomic analysis of sustainability of marine fish production in Kerala

The study has been undertaken in Kerala State in India with an overall objective of analyzing the bio-economic conditions of commercially exploited marine fishes for assessing their sustainability in the context of existing management practices. Maximum sustainable yield, maximum economic yield and open access levels of yield and effort were analyzed using Gompertz-Fox growth model. The study concluded that the fishing effort exceeded the economically optimal levels and there is unnecessary wastage of money, manpower and fuel in the fishing industry. The study stressed the urgent need for capture fisheries management in the State which at present follows an open access fishery where regulations exist only in the form of seasonal closure in the monsoon season

Size Differential Growth And Uptake Kinetics Of Inorganic Phosphate In Some Marine Diatoms

The marine diatoms such as Amphiprora gigantea O'Meara, Amphora coffeaeformis (Agardh) Kütz., Cocconeis heteroidea Hantz and Cyclotella meneghiniana Kütz. isolated from the coastal waters were made axenic and investigated for their growth, kinetics of phosphate uptake and assimilation. Phosphate-phosphorus at higher concentration depressed growth and division rates of all the diatoms. The uptake and assimilation of phosphate-phosphorus followed the classic Michaelis-Menten kinetics. Dark uptake was 37-71% when compared to light saturated uptake. Amphiprora gigantean, the largest diatom showed the low Ks and Km values whereas the smallest diatom Cyclotella meneghiniana exhibited high Ks and Km values for phosphate uptake and assimilation. DCMU inhibited phosphate uptake even at 2.5µM concentration indicated that the phosphate uptake is mediated mainly by the energy derived from photosynthesi

Effect of Multiple Substitutions (Pb, Ti, Zr) on Structural, Permittivity and Electrical Properties of BiFeO3 Ceramics

Three complex polycrystalline samples of Bi1-xPbxFe1-x Zrx-yTiyO3,with the combination of (i) x, y = 0.0 (BFO), (ii) x = 0.5 and y = 0.5 (BFPTO)and (iii) x = 0.5 and y = 0.25 (BFPZTO) were prepared by a standard mixed oxide (solid state reaction route) method at optimized calcinations (900oC) and sintering (930-950oC)temperatures. The effect of multiple (Pb, Ti and/or Zr) substitutions of different amount onthe permittivity, impedance and modulus characteristics of the materials has been investigated at different frequencies and temperature. Limitation associated with BiFeO3 (BFO) due to its semiconducting behavior acts as constraint in polling the material at room temperature leading to large dielectric loss. Attempts were made to minimizethe loss by substitution of Pb on the Bi site and Ti and/or Zr at the Fe site of BFO. The study indicates that the phase transition temperature of BFO is lowered,the degree of diffuse phase transition is enhanced and electrical parameters (dielectric constant, electrical resistivity, remnant polarization and maximum polarization) areincreased with a significant reduction in dielectric loss as a consequence of the substitution. Detailed studies of Nyquist plots with impedance and electric modulus data suggest that the existence of non-Debye type of relaxation phenomena in the materials. The ac conductivity study reveals that the conduction mechanism in the material obeys universal Jonschers power law