Monte Carlo methods in PageRank computation: When one iteration is sufficient

PageRank is one of the principle criteria according to which Google ranks Web pages. PageRank can be interpreted as a frequency of visiting a Web page by a random surfer and thus it reflects the popularity of a Web page. Google computes the PageRank using the power iteration method which requires about one week of intensive computations. In the present work we propose and analyze Monte Carlo type methods for the PageRank computation. There are several advantages of the probabilistic Monte Carlo methods over the deterministic power iteration method: Monte Carlo methods provide good estimation of the PageRank for relatively important pages already after one iteration; Monte Carlo methods have natural parallel implementation; and finally, Monte Carlo methods allow to perform continuous update of the PageRank as the structure of the Web changes

Optimal policy for multi-class scheduling in a single server queue

In this paper we apply the Gittins optimality result to characterize the optimal scheduling discipline in a multi-class M/G/1 queue. We apply the general result to several cases of practical interest where the service time distributions belong to the set of decreasing hazard rate distributions, like Pareto or hyper-exponential. When there is only one class it is known that in this case the Least Attained Service policy is optimal. We show that in the multi-class case the optimal policy is a priority discipline, where jobs of the various classes depending on their attained service are classified into several priority levels. Using a tagged-job approach we obtain, for every class, the mean conditional sojourn time. This allows us to compare numerically the mean sojourn time in the system between the Gittins optimal and popular policies like Processor Sharing, First Come First Serve and Least Attained Service (LAS). We implement the Gittins' optimal algorithm in NS-2 and we perform numerical experiments to evaluate the achievable performance gain. We find that the Gittins policy can outperform by nearly 10% the LAS policy

RETURNABLE BAKING WASTE — A NEW TYPE OF RAW MATERIALS FOR DISTILLATES PRODUCTION (PART I. BIOCHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF RAW MATERIALS)

The paper gives an assessment of biochemical composition of various types of returnable baking waste, pregrouped into five groups depending on recipe and bakery products production method, in comparison with traditional types of starch-containing raw materials — wheat and rye. It has been established that returnable baking waste has significant advantages over grain raw materials in terms of starch content and structural and mechanical properties, which will eliminate grinding cost. An analysis of carbohydrate complex of returnable baking waste showed that waste groups that include rye flour contain more glucose than groups derived from wheat flour, which can positively affect the fermentation process. The study of protein complex revealed that mass fraction of soluble protein was determined by type of raw material used to produce products. It is shown that the best raw materials for distillates production, from standpoint of protein complex evaluating, are samples of returnable baking waste products obtained from rye-wheat bread. The mineral composition (K+, Na+, Ca++, Mg++) of ash of various waste types was studied and it was found that products from wheat flour contain less potassium, calcium and magnesium than from rye-wheat, and no significant differences were found in sodium content. Identified distinctive features in biochemical composition of certain groups of returnable baking waste products are recommended to be taken into account when developing optimal technological regimes for their processing in distillates production.The paper gives an assessment of biochemical composition of various types of returnable baking waste, pregrouped into five groups depending on recipe and bakery products production method, in comparison with traditional types of starch-containing raw materials — wheat and rye. It has been established that returnable baking waste has significant advantages over grain raw materials in terms of starch content and structural and mechanical properties, which will eliminate grinding cost. An analysis of carbohydrate complex of returnable baking waste showed that waste groups that include rye flour contain more glucose than groups derived from wheat flour, which can positively affect the fermentation process. The study of protein complex revealed that mass fraction of soluble protein was determined by type of raw material used to produce products. It is shown that the best raw materials for distillates production, from standpoint of protein complex evaluating, are samples of returnable baking waste products obtained from rye-wheat bread. The mineral composition (K+, Na+, Ca++, Mg++) of ash of various waste types was studied and it was found that products from wheat flour contain less potassium, calcium and magnesium than from rye-wheat, and no significant differences were found in sodium content. Identified distinctive features in biochemical composition of certain groups of returnable baking waste products are recommended to be taken into account when developing optimal technological regimes for their processing in distillates production

EARLY SCREENING FOR RISKS OF BIPOLAR DISORDER AT THE PRECLINICAL STAGE

Introduction: Bipolar disorder (BD) is characterized by a high rate of prevalence in the general population varying from 0.6% to 5.84% (Yildiz 2015). BD is one of the leading causes of disability and mortality from suicide and comorbid diseases (Johnson et al. 2017). Individual symptoms of the disease in the form of cyclothymia-like mood fluctuations can be detected in adolescence and have potential for predicting risk for BD (Tijssen et al. 2010). The key issue here is untimely diagnosis of BD (Mosolov et al. 2014, Bardenshteyn et al. 2016). Early screening for risks of bipolar disorder at the preclinical stage. Subjects and methods: The study involved 137 students aged from 18 to 20 years (mean age 18.93±0.09). The clinicalpsychopathological method as well as the screening method of research were used: the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (M.I.N.I.), (Sheehan et al. 1998), the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS 1960), the Mood Disorder Questionnaire (MDQ) (Hirschfeld 2000). The statistical data processing included descriptive statistical methods (p<0.05). Results: Clinical diagnostics of the responders using ICD-10 ( -F99]) excluded the diagnosis of bipolar disorder. The MDQ screening method revealed a statistically significant excess of the average values for hypomania throughout the sample (M±m: 6.46±0.44; p<0.05). The total score of 64 interviewees (46.7%; 95% CI: 38.155.3) exceeded the 55.3) showed one-stage manifestation of certain signs of mood rise. 72 interviewees (52.6%; 95% CI 43.9-58.3) reported absence of mood rise, associated with conflict behaviour, family problems etc. According to the HDRS scale, 45 responders (32.85%; 95% CI: 24.14-40.95) showed signs of mild depression (M±m: 6.51±0.39; p<0.05). Also, a group of responders (18.2%; 95% CI: 11.78-24.72) manifested exceeding indicators both for hypomania and depression. Conclusions: According to the MDQ scale, 46.7% of the responders showed threshold values exceeding; with the one-stage manifestation of hypomania signs in 49.6% of the respondents. 32.85% of the responders showed signs of mild depression (the HAMD scale). 18.2% of the interviewees exceeded threshold values for both hypomania and depression. The discovered cyclothymia-like conditions at the preclinical stage have potential for predicting risk for their transformation to bipolar disorder which directs further outpatient clinical and dynamic observation

Teaching practice of bachelors of vocational training in modern conditions

The article describes the main approaches to the preparation of bachelors in the framework of pedagogical practice. The author identifies the stages of teaching practice. The features of the organization of teaching practice in modern conditionsВ статье рассмотрены основные подходы к подготовке бакалавров в рамках педагогической практики; выделены этапы прохождения педагогической практики; отражены особенности организации педагогической практики в современных условия

Competence-oriented teaching practice bachelors in terms of networking

In article the authors considers the relevance to pedagogical practice with the changes in modern Russian education. Focuses on the specifics of networking. The author offers im-plementation and introduction of this system into the educational spaceВ статье авторами была рассмотрена актуальность организации педагогической практики с учетом изменений в современном российском образовании. Акцентируется внимание на специфике сетевого взаимодействия. Автором предложены варианты реализации и внедрения данной системы в образовательное пространств

Mercury content in soils on the territory of Mezhdurechensk

The geochemical features of mercury content and distribution in the zone of coal producers have been studied (Mezhdurechensk town). Mercury content in soil (30 samples) was determined by atomic absorption method using mercury analyzer PA-915+ with pyrolytic device. Mercury content in soil samples changed from 0.12 to 0.17 mg/kg, the average value being 0.057 mg/kg. Within the town territory five zones with mercury elevated concentrations in soil were distinguished. 25-year observation period showed a 2.8 time decrease in average mercury content in soil. The major contribution to soil pollution in the urban territory was made by the two factors: local and regional. The mercury content in soil is affected by the emissions from boilers operating on coal as well as coal dust from the open pits near the town

Analysis of dynamics of antibiotic resistance of pathogens in patients with diabetic foot syndrome undergoing in-patient treatment

In this paper we discuss the approaches to the choice of antibiotic therapy, subject to the sensitivity of these microorganisms to antibiotic therapy in the surgical department of St. Joseph Belgorod Regional Clinical Hospital. The obtained data state that III-IV generation pseudomonas cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones can be used for empirical therap

Социологический факультет МГУ — лидер университетской социологии

.6 июня 2019 г. социологический факультет Московского государственного университета отпраздновал свой 30-летний юбилей. С момента основания социологический факультет выпустил 7309 специалистов, бакалавров и магистров, которые пополнили дружное профессиональное социологическое сообщество

РОЛЬ КЛАССИЧЕСКОГО УНИВЕРСИТЕТА В ВОСПРОИЗВОДСТВЕ ЭЛИТЫ ОБЩЕСТВА

The article examines problems concerning the modernization of the higher education in Russia and training of highly intellectual, elite persons for managing the country.The author concludes that the hasty steps taken in the course of reforming the Russian system of higher education at the end of the first decade of the 21st century led to a specific situation. This situation is characterized by a policy of accelerated reorganization of education, primarily aimed at accepting the dogmatized models and tools for educational institutions management, which were imposed by the West and initially designed for underdeveloped backward countries.Unfortunately, this situation has determined many dysfunctions in education, concerning foremost classical university education. Completely predictably, it led to disorientation of student youth that began focusing on narrowly applied aspects of future professional activity, which are secondary in terms of social significance.The article emphasizes the importance of preserving the best traditions of the Russian higher education within the framework of classical universities, which have always played a leading role in the reproduction of the elite of the society. Key points are identified that make it possible to specify the essence of the elite reproduced by classical universities.The author demonstrates that the future presidents and prime ministers, Nobel laureates, internationally renowned writers graduated from the most famous universities in the world, with the Lomonosov Moscow State University preserving a leading place among them. For example, when Russian science was living through its historical rise, it was led by the Moscow University graduates, including S.I. Vavilov, A.N. Nesmeyanov, M.V. Keldysh.Overcoming the populist approaches to contemporary education, return to the fundamentality and breadth of domestic education, focus on the traditional “scientific education”, as well as the intellectual potential of the best educational institutions in Russia are regarded as the most important tasks for reforming the whole system of education in which classical universities played and will play a major role.В статье анализируются проблемы, связанные с модернизацией высшего образования в России и подготовкой высокоинтеллектуальных, элитных кадров, необходимых для управления страной.Автор обосновывает вывод о том, что поспешные шаги, предпринятые в ходе реформирования российской системы высшего образования в конце первого десятилетия XXI столетия, обусловили специфическую образовательную ситуацию. Для нее характерна политика ускоренной реорганизации сферы образования, нацеленная, в первую очередь, на внедрение под диктатом Запада догматизированных, предназначенных для отсталых стран, моделей и инструментов управления образовательными учреждениями.К сожалению, обозначенная ситуация обусловила дисфункциональное состояние отдельных компонентов образовательной сферы, прежде всего, классического университетского образования. Вполне предсказуемым последствием этого стала дезориентация студенческой молодежи, ее нацеленность на узко прикладные аспекты будущей профессиональной деятельности, носящие второстепенный с точки зрения социальной значимости характер.В статье подчеркивается важность сохранения лучших традиций отечественного высшего образования, созданных в рамках классических университетов, которые всегда играли ведущую роль в воспроизводстве элиты общества. Обозначены ключевые моменты, которые позволят конкретизировать сущность именно той элиты, воспроизводством которой занимаются классические университеты.Автор показывает, что именно известнейшие университеты мира “выпустили” будущих президентов и премьер-министров, лауреатов Нобелевской премии, писателей с мировым именем, а Московский университет занимает в их числе ведущее место. Например, в пору максимального взлета отечественной академической науки во главе ее стояли выпускники Московского университета: С.И. Вавилов, А.Н. Несмеянов, М.В. Келдыш.Важнейшей задачей в области реформирования системы образования автору представляется преодоление популистских подходов к современному образованию, возврат к фундаментальности и широте отечественного образования, ориентацию на традиционную для нашей страны “научность образования”, а также интеллектуальный потенциал лучших образовательных учреждений России, среди которых ведущую роль несомненно играют и будут играть классические университеты