Legal-institutional typology of the subject of economic security

The article considers the problems of development of legal regulation in economic security. It evaluates the questions of formation of institutional factors, which define the system of legal prevention of threats to economic security. The study investigates the problems of transformation of economic security into one of the fundamental categories of the current right, which in turn defined the direction and depth of legal institutional structure of economic security at all levels. The factors impacting the growth of scientific and applied interest towards the conceptual, legal and institutional interpretations of economic security have been defined. Current legislation allowing to define the features of subject relations in the given sphere is being analysed. The research of acting Russian legislation, as well as the process of identifying the institutional and legal subjects of economic security, allow to construct the model of economic security with phenomenological method of thinking. Modern forms of institutionalization of legal support for economic security are based on the experience of leading regions across the world. The article points out that domestic legal science has significantly improved in conceptualizing the problems of economic security on the basis of classic examples of effective innovation activity. The article investigates the problems of legal institutionalization of the subjects of economic security, as well as carries out the search for effective measures to counteract the damaging tendencies in the economic sphere.peer-reviewe

Metallic phase in stoichiometric CeOBiS 2 revealed by space-resolved ARPES

Recently CeOBiS2 system without any fluorine doping is found to show superconductivity posing question on its origin. Using space resolved ARPES we have found a metallic phase embedded in the morphological defects and at the sample edges of stoichiometric CeOBiS2. While bulk of the sample is semiconducting, the embedded metallic phase is characterized by the usual electron pocket at X point, similar to the Fermi surface of doped BiS2-based superconductors. Typical size of the observed metallic domain is larger than the superconducting correlation length of the system suggesting that the observed superconductivity in undoped CeOBiS2 might be due to this embedded metallic phase at the defects. The results also suggest a possible way to develop new systems by manipulation of the defects in these chalcogenides with structural instability

Band alignment and interlayer hybridisation in transition metal dichalcogenide/hexagonal boron nitride heterostructures

In van der Waals heterostructures, the relative alignment of bands between layers, and the resulting band hybridisation, are key factors in determining a range of electronic properties. This work examines these effects for heterostructures of transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) and hexagonal boron nitride (hBN), an ubiquitous combination given the role of hBN as an encapsulating material. By comparing results of density functional calculations with experimental angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) results, we explore the hybridisation between the valence states of the TMD and hBN layers, and show that it introduces avoided crossings between the TMD and hBN bands, with umklapp processes opening `ghost' avoided crossings in individual bands. Comparison between DFT and ARPES spectra for the MoSe$_2$/hBN heterostructure shows that the valence bands of MoSe$_2$ and hBN are significantly further separated in energy in experiment as compared to DFT. We then show that a novel scissor operator can be applied to the hBN valence states in the DFT calculations, to correct the band alignment and enable quantitative comparison to ARPES, explaining avoided crossings and other features of band visibility in the ARPES spectra

Determination of interatomic coupling between two-dimensional crystals using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy

Lack of directional bonding between two-dimensional crystals like graphene or monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides provides unusual freedom in selection of components for vertical van der Waals heterostructures. However, even for identical layers, their stacking, in particular the relative angle between their crystallographic directions, modifies properties of the structure. We demonstrate that the interatomic coupling between two two-dimensional crystals can be determined from angle-resolved photoemission spectra of a trilayer structure with one aligned and one twisted interface. Each of the interfaces provides complementary information and together they enable self-consistent determination of the coupling. We parametrize interatomic coupling for carbon atoms by studying twisted trilayer graphene and show that the result can be applied to structures with different twists and number of layers. Our approach demonstrates how to extract fundamental information about interlayer coupling in a stack of two-dimensional crystals and can be applied to many other van der Waals interfaces.Comment: This is a post-peer-review, pre-copyedit version of an article published in Nature Communications. The final authenticated version is available online at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-17412-

NOVEL APPROACHES TO TREATING NONSPECIFIC LOW BACK PAIN

Objective: to evaluate the impact of therapy with chondroitin sulfate (CS) and glucosamine (GA) on the clinical manifestations of low back pain (LBP).Subjects and methods. A multicenter open-label observational prospective study was conducted in 22 cities of Russia (46 centers) to investigate the efficacy of a combination of CS and GA in the outpatient treatment of nonspecific LBP. A total of 9761 patients were enrolled in the study that was completed by 8546 patients. Therapeutic efficiency was evaluated from changes in pain intensity during movement and at rest, by using the visual analogue scale. The Oswestry disability index, an global physician and patient assessment of therapeutic efficiency, and a daily need for nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) were taken into account as additional criteria for efficiency evaluation.Results and discussion. The multicenter open-label observational study established the efficacy of a combination of CS and GA in treating nonspecific LBP: relief in pain during movement and at rest, functional improvement, and a reduction in the daily need for NSAIDs. The patients and physicians highly assessed therapeutic efficiency. The combination of CS and GA was also noted to be well tolerated. The findings may suggest that this combination may be a promising tool to treat LBP and gives proof to the expediency of its use in randomized placebo-controlled studies

Spectromicroscopy of electronic phase separation in Kx_xFe2−y_{2-y}Se2_2 superconductor

Structural phase separation in A$_x$Fe$_{2-y}$Se$_2$ system has been studied by different experimental techniques, however, it should be important to know how the electronic uniformity is influenced, on which length scale the electronic phases coexist, and what is their spatial distribution. Here, we have used novel scanning photoelectron microscopy (SPEM) to study the electronic phase separation in K$_x$Fe$_{2-y}$Se$_2$, providing a direct measurement of the topological spatial distribution of the different electronic phases. The SPEM results reveal a peculiar interconnected conducting filamentary phase that is embedded in the insulating texture. The filamentary structure with a particular topological geometry could be important for the high T$_c$ superconductivity in the presence of a phase with a large magnetic moment in A$_x$Fe$_{2-y}$Se$_2$ materials.Comment: 14 pages,3 figure

IMMUNOLOGIC MARKER OF INTRANATAL INFECTIONS

The results of the research established determination of immunologic marker for prognosis of intranatal infection. The authors performed a comparative study of the immunity values of women in a risk group for prenatal infection. As it was shown when prenatal infection develops, there is an increase in the content of proinflammatory cytokines in the pregnant woman serum and activation of the ingestion rate. Account the results to devise an algorithm the pregnant woman care

О распределении цен на рынках недвижимости и «смещенных» оценках рыночной стоимости

The published results of stochastic modeling and experimental studies on the distribution of prices of real estate markets, accompanied by the conclusions of a systematic overestimation of the market value of the consultants-valuers are stated in the article. Displaying the fundamental difference between the distributions of prices on different objects observed in the real estate market and the distribution of possible prices for the estimated object. The conclusion about the absence of grounds for the allegations of a systematic overestimation of the market value as a result of these differences is fixed. Formation unbiased valuations based on the properties of the distribution  of the adjusted average prices of the sample analogs are also explained.В статье обсуждаются опубликованные ранее результаты стохастического моделирования и экспериментальных исследований распределения цен на реальных рынках недвижимости, сопровождающиеся заключениями о систематическом завышении рыночной стоимости консультантами-оценщиками. Показано принципиальное отличие распределения цен на разные объекты, наблюдаемые на рынке недвижимости, от распределения возможных цен на один –оцениваемый объект. Фиксируется отсутствие оснований для утверждения о систематическом завышении оценок рыночной стоимости вследствие этих различий. Также объяснено формирование несмещенных оценок стоимости на основе свойств распределения средней скорректированной цены по выборке аналогов