SOIL-AGRO-ECOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF THE ARABLE LAND OF THE VALDAI UPLAND BASED ON THE GENERAL SURVEY

A methodical approach to the digital mapping of the arable lands area depending on their soil-agroecological and positional conditions is proposed. The approach was tested on a model plot located on the Valdai Upland with an area of 160 thousand ha. Small-scale agricultural development of the poorly dissected moraine plains is limited by the wide distribution of overmoistened soils. Using the traditional discriminant analysis, a measure of the topographically determined duration of soil overmoistening was calculated based on a comparison of the morphological diagnostics of water regime and topography runoff properties according to the grid elements of 30 × 30 m. The drainability range was determined for the arable lands of XVIII century, reconstructed according to the materials of the General Survey. This allowed us to determine the potential area of the arable lands for this period. The area of arable lands, which is characterized by favorable conditions of transport accessibility and soil drainability, was 12 %. At the same time, reconstructed area contained 5 %. In the subsistence economy of the XVIII century more than a half of the potential arable lands of the model region turned out to be undeveloped

MODIFICATIONS TO THE BOUNDARIES OF THE NATURAL PLAGUE FOCI IN THE VOLGA-URAL INTERFLUVE

Objective of the study is to locate the present-day sites and sizes of the natural plague foci in the Volga-Ural Interfluve. Materials and methods. According to the results of the field and office mapping, 2015 in the Volga-Ural steppe and sandy plague foci, designed have been electronic maps of the sectors situated in the periphery. Results and conclusions. During the past 3–4 decades significant decrease in plague enzooties in the territory of the Volga-Ural Interfluve has been observed. It occurs due to the plowing and melioration of the grazing lands. It is established that the southern and south-western outskirts of enzootic territories have natural boundaries represented with the linear elements of hydrography, and the eastern ones are the state border of the Russian Federation and the Republic of Kazakhstan. At sites where suitable linear elements of the landscape are absent (up north and west) the frames of the sectors, where evidence of enzooty is retained, are used as the formal external boundaries. Widespread plowing of semi-desert area made the territories in the eastern part of the Volgograd Region inadequate for small souslik habitation, which marks the loss of plague enzooty features. This fact in its turn led to the reduction of steppe focus acreage by 30 %, the coverage being currently 20873 km2 . Configuration of the sandy focus changed little, if at all, and amounts to 8625 km2 . Registering of the actual position and sizes of natural plague foci within the strictly set boundaries put on topographic maps provides for targeted planning and complex prophylactic anti-plague measures. New spatial indicators of natural plague foci are formalized in official normative-methodological documents regulating epidemiological surveillance over plague

High frequency magnetic oscillations of the organic metal θ\theta-(ET)4_4ZnBr4_4(C6_6H4_4Cl2_2) in pulsed magnetic field of up to 81 T

De Haas-van Alphen oscillations of the organic metal $\theta$-(ET)$_4$ZnBr$_4$(C$_6$H$_4$Cl$_2$) are studied in pulsed magnetic fields up to 81 T. The long decay time of the pulse allows determining reliable field-dependent amplitudes of Fourier components with frequencies up to several kiloteslas. The Fourier spectrum is in agreement with the model of a linear chain of coupled orbits. In this model, all the observed frequencies are linear combinations of the frequency linked to the basic orbit $\alpha$ and to the magnetic-breakdown orbit $\beta$.Comment: 6 pages, 4 figure

Therapeutic complement targeting in ANCA-associated vasculitides and thrombotic microangiopathy

Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitides (AAVs) are a group of systemic autoimmune disorders characterized by necrotizing inflammation of medium-to-small vessels, a relative paucity of immune deposits, and an association with detectable circulating ANCAs. AAVs include granulomatosis with polyangiitis (renamed from Wegener's granulomatosis), microscopic polyangiitis, and eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (Churg-Strauss syndrome). Until recently, AAVs have not been viewed as complement-mediated disorders. However, recent findings predominantly from animal studies demonstrated a crucial role of the complement system in the pathogenesis of AAVs. Complement activation or defects in its regulation have been described in an increasing number of acquired or genetically driven forms of thrombotic microangiopathy. Coinciding with this expanding spectrum of complement-mediated diseases, the question arises as to which AAV patients might benefit from a complement-targeted therapy. Therapies directed against the complement system point to the necessity of a genetic workup of genes of complement components and regulators in patients with AAV. Genetic testing together with pluripotent stem cells and bioinformatics tools may broaden our approach to the treatment of patients with aggressive forms of AAV

Boundary Changes of Natural Plague Foci in the North-Western Pre-Caspian

Objective of the study is to specify present-day locations and sizes of natural plague foci in the North-Western Pre-Caspian.Materials and methods. Based on the results of field and office mapping of Pre-Caspian sandy and North-Western steppe plague foci, conducted in 2013–2014, designed have been electronic maps of the sectors, situated in the periphery of the foci.Results and conclusions. Detected has been marked reduction in sizes of natural foci owing to plowing of arid pastures. Over a significant distance, new natural focal boundaries are represented by linear elements of hydrography. Wherein such elements are absent, sector frames, in which evidence of enzooty remains, are accepted as formalized external boundaries. The process of deep and irreversible anthropogenic transformation of landscapes has resulted in the reduction of enzootic as regards plague territories: the steppe focus area has decreased by 22 %, being 51152 sq. km, the sandy one – by 13 %, amounting to 62510 sq. km. Farming on the extensive territories as a means of radical alterations of the landscapes has made the lands unsuitable for habitation of the little souslik, midday and tamarisk gerbils, which is an evidence of a complete loss of plague enzooty factors in the territory. The survey of actual position and sizes of natural plague foci within the rigid bonds, plotted on topographic maps and easily identifiable afield, provides for substantiated planning and complex prophylactic plague-control measures. Novel spatial parameters of the natural foci are suggested for the inclusion into official regulatory-methodological documents, guiding performance of epidemiological surveillance over plague

Constructions of regular algebras Lpw(G)L_p^w(G)

Criterion of (Shilov) regularity for weighted algebras $L_1^w(G)$ on a locally compact abelian group $G$ is known by works of Beurling (1949) and Domar (1956). In the present paper this criterion is extended to translation invariant weighted algebras $L_p^w(G)$ with $p>1$. Regular algebras $L_p^w(G)$ are constructed on any sigma-compact abelian group $G$. It was proved earlier by the author that sigma-compactness is necessary (in the abelian case) for the existence of weighted algebras $L_p^w(G)$ with $p>1$.Comment: Submitted to Mat. Sborni

Increasing the efficiency of investments on survey of abundant land for their return to agricultural us

The "“State program for the effective involvement of abundant agricultural land in the use and the development of the reclamation complex of the Russian Federation” for 2021–2030" assumes the return of 12 million hectares out of 44 million hectares of all abandoned agricultural land (AAL) in the Russian Federation. The costs of 12 million hectares survey can be considered productive, while the costs of surveying the remaining 32 million hectares should be considered unproductive. The application of the new geoinformation database of “Soils of agricultural lands of the Russian Federation” (DB SALRU) developed by the Federal Research Centre “V.V Dokuchaev Soil Sience Institute” allows reduction of unproductive costs. By the example of the Vladimir region, a typical Russian region with AAL, the option of ranking AAL by their quality was demonstrated to determine the order of their return to agricultural use. The soil quality criteria are the bonitet and the normative yield of grain crops, which are part of the DB SALRU. It is proposed to consider the expenditures on the survey of AAL for the soils, which are first to be returned to agricultural use, as productive costs. These soils occupy 25% of the AAL of the region. The best quality soils are characterized by more than 40 points of bonitet and the standard yield of grain crops of more than 20 centners/ha. The cost of surveying the lands of the first order of returning to agricultural use is 10 million 80 thousand rubles. Survey of AAL soils of II–IV orders of involvement in agricultural use, with relatively poor quality compared to the soils of the first order, is proposed to be conducted in the case of expansion of the State program in the future. This would save the unproductive expenses for the survey of AAL for the Vladimir region by 30 million 165.5 thousand rubles. The application of the proposed GIS-approach makes it possible to reduce unproductive expenses for the survey of AAL in the Russian Federation nearly by 5.600 million rubles

Segre Types of Symmetric Two-tensors in n-Dimensional Spacetimes

Three propositions about Jordan matrices are proved and applied to algebraically classify the Ricci tensor in n-dimensional Kaluza-Klein-type spacetimes. We show that the possible Segre types are [1,1...1], [21...1], [31\ldots 1], [z\bar{z}1...1] and degeneracies thereof. A set of canonical forms for the Segre types is obtained in terms of semi-null bases of vectors.Comment: 14 pages, LaTeX, replaced due to a LaTex erro