“Trade war” between the Republic of Korea and Japan: political aspect

The article was submitted on 30.04.2020.The paper is analyzing political aspects of “trade war” between the Republic of Korea and Japan. In our research we took an attempt to considering the number of events that started in July of 2019 and connected with mutual doings of Seoul and Tokyo on exempting from preferential “white lists” of exporters. We also analyzed political roots and implications of these events. Since the bilateral talks between Republic of Korea and Japan doesn’t gave no significant result, we are dealing with new unsettled issues, that potentially can reduce the non-political cooperation between two states. The reason of current crisis in South Korea – Japan relations was an attempt of government of Republic of Korea to use for political goals the issue of compensation for victims of forced labour in the World War II. It caused a negative reaction from the Japanese side. In Tokyo stated that these claims are controverting the Agreement on the settlement of problems concerning property and claims and on economic co-operation (1965). Under this agreement, both sides rejected from the property and compensations claims, in exchange for the financial aid and credits that were provided by Japan. New dispute was caused to negative implications for Korea-Japan relations. In particular, issue of preserving the General Security of Military Information Agreement that allows intelligence information sharing, is open. Moreover, using the economic pressure measures toward South Korea, becomes an instrument that allows Tokyo to demonstrate its readiness to act more strictly.В статье рассмотрены политические аспекты «торговой войны» между Республикой Корея и Японией. Речь идет о событиях, начавшихся в июле 2019 года и связанных с взаимными акциями Сеула и Токио по исключению из преференциальных списков экспортеров, а также политических предпосылках, причинах и последствиях этих шагов. Судя по тому, что двусторонние южнокорейско-японские переговоры, начатые в декабре 2019 года, не принесли заметного результата, скорее всего, мы имеем дело с появлением новых неурегулированных проблем, которые потенциально могут нанести урон неполитическому сотрудничеству между Республикой Корея и Японией. Причиной нынешнего кризиса в южнокорейско-японских отношениях стали попытки властей Республики Корея использовать тему компенсаций жертвам принудительного труда в период Второй мировой войны во внутриполитических целях. Это вызвало негативную реакцию со стороны Токио, где обратили внимание на то, что вынесение требований о компенсациях противоречит духу и букве Соглашения об урегулировании проблемы прав и притязаний и о экономическом сотрудничестве между Республикой Корея и Японией от 22 июня 1965 г. По этому соглашению стороны взаимно отказывались от прав на компенсации и претензий на собственность в обмен на предоставление Японией финансовой помощи и кредитов. Развертывание нового спора привело к неблагоприятным для сторон последствиям. В частности, поставлено под вопрос существование Договора о защите военной информации между РК и Японией, который предполагал, помимо прочего, обмен разведывательной информацией. Кроме того, использованием мер экономического давления в отношении РК, в Токио дали понять, что, в случае дальнейших попыток заставить Японию принять невыгодные для себя соглашения, правительство страны может отреагировать куда жестче, чем на этапе переговоров по проблеме «женщин для утешения»

Evaluation of mechanical and electrical parameters of individual polyaniline nanoparticles

The work was carried out according to the state task of the Omsk Scientific Center SB RAS (project registration number AAAA-A17-117041210227-8)

Differential proteome analysis of pea roots at the early stages of symbiosis with nodule bacteria

In this paper, we have analyzed changes in the proteomic spectrum of pea Pisum sativum L. roots during inoculation with rhizobial bacteria with the aim of revealing new regulators of symbiosis development. To study the changes in the proteome spectrum of pea roots, a differential twodimensional (2-D) electrophoresis was performed using fluorescent labels Cy2 and Cy5. The images obtained made it possible to identify differences between the control variant (uninoculated roots) and the root variant after inoculation with Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae RCAM 1026 (24 hours after treatment). 20 proteins were revealed and identified, the synthesis of which was enhanced during the inoculation of pea roots by nodule bacteria. To identify the proteins, a mass spectrometric analysis of tryptic peptides was performed on a quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometer combined with a high-performance liquid chromatograph. Among such proteins, the beta-subunit of the G protein and the disulfide isomerase/phospholipase C were first found, whose function can be related to the signal regulation of symbiosis. This indicates that G-proteins and phospholipases can play a key role in the development of early stages of symbiosis in peas. Further experiments are expected to show whether the beta-subunit of the G protein interacts with the receptors to Nod factors, and how this affects the further signaling. Other proteins that might be interesting were annexin D8 and D1, protein kinase interacting with calcinerin B, actin-binding protein profilin, GTP-binding protein Ran1. They may be involved in the regulation of reactions with calcium, the reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton and other important processes in plants. The study of the role of such regulatory proteins will later become the basis for understanding the complex system of signal regulation, which is activated in pea plants by interaction with nodule bacteria

Spatial computing in structured spiking neural networks with a robotic embodiment

One of the challenges of modern neuroscience is creating a "living computer" based on neural networks grown in vitro. Such an artificial device is supposed to perform neurocomputational tasks and interact with the environment when embodied in a robot. Recent studies have identified the most critical challenge, the search for a neural network architecture to implement associative learning. This work proposes a model of modular architecture with spiking neural networks connected by unidirectional couplings. We show that the model enables training a neuro-robot according to Pavlovian conditioning. The robot's performance in obstacle avoidance depends on the ratio of the weights in inter-network couplings. We show that besides STDP, critical factors for successful learning are synaptic and neuronal competitions. We use the recently discovered shortest path rule to implement the synaptic competition. This method is ready for experimental testing. Strong inhibitory couplings implement the neuronal competition in the subnetwork responsible for the unconditional response. Empirical testing of this approach requires a technique for growing neural networks with a given ratio of excitatory and inhibitory neurons not available yet. An alternative is building a hybrid system with in vitro neural networks coupled through hardware memristive connections

Postoperative encephalopathy: Pathophysiological and morphological bases of its prevention under general anesthesia

In vitro and in vivo studies have provided sufficient evidence of the neurotoxicity of general anesthetics and their ability to cause postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD). The latter is one of the undesirable phenomena associated with general anesthesia. Recently, the prevention of postoperative cognitive impairments has been of particular relevance because of their high incidence, longer length of hospital stay, higher cost of treatment, worse quality of life in patients, and no approaches to drug correction and prevention. The review gives data on the negative effects of general anesthesia in patients of different age groups, highlights the pathogenetic mechanisms of POCD, and proposes its possible drug prevention and treatment strategies: identification of patients at high risk for POCD and both pre- and postoperative neuropsychological testing; intraoperative POCD prevention using a package of measures and, if inefficient, drug correction of found cognitive impairments just in the early postoperative period

AFM study of the supramolecular structure transformation of polyaniline and composite "polyaniline/carbon nanotubes" upon doping with dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid in the presence of a solvent

На основе анализа АСМ изображений изучен механизм трансформации надмолекулярной структуры пленок полианилина и композита «полианилин/углеродные нанотрубки» в форме основания в результате совместного воздействия допанта – додецилбензолсульфокислоты и растворителя.Based AFM image analysis, the supramolecular structure transformation mechanism of polyaniline films and the "polyaniline/carbon nanotube" composite films in the base form as a result of combined effect of dopant–dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid and a solvent was studied

Parity nonconserving cold neutron-parahydrogen interactions

Three pion dominated observables of the parity nonconserving interactions between the cold neutrons and parahydrogen are calculated. The transversely polarized neutron spin rotation, unpolarized neutron longitudinal polarization, and photon-asymmetry of the radiative polarized neutron capture are considered. For the numerical evaluation of the observables, the strong interactions are taken into account by the Reid93 potential and the parity nonconserving interactions by the DDH model along with the two-pion exchange.Comment: 17 pages, 2 figure

Effects of T- and P-odd weak nucleon interaction in nuclei: renormalizations due to residual strong interaction, matrix elements between compound states and their correlations with P-violating matrix elements

Manifestations of P-,T-odd weak interaction between nucleons in nucleus are considered. Renormalization of this interaction due to residual strong interaction is studied. Mean squared matrix elements of P-,T-odd weak interaction between compound states are calculated. Correlators between P-,T-odd and P-odd, T-even weak interaction matrix elements between compound states are considered and estimates for these quantities are obtained.Comment: Submitted to Phys. Rev. C; 21 pages, REVTEX 3, no figure