OJ287: deciphering the 'Rosetta stone of blazars

OJ287 is the best candidate active galactic nucleus (AGN) for hosting a supermassive binary black hole (SMBBH) at very close separation. We present 120 Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA) observations (at 15 GHz) covering the time between April 1995 and April 2017. We find that the OJ287 radio jet is precessing on a time-scale of similar to 22 yr. In addition, our data are consistent with a jet-axis rotation on a yearly time-scale. We model the precession (24 +/- 2 yr) and combined motion of jet precession and jet-axis rotation. The jet motion explains the variability of the total radio flux-density via viewing angle changes and Doppler beaming. Half of the jet-precession time-scale is of the order of the dominant optical periodicity time-scale. We suggest that the optical emission is synchrotron emission and related to the jet radiation. The jet dynamics and flux-density light curves can be understood in terms of geometrical effects. Disturbances of an accretion disc caused by a plunging BH do not seem necessary to explain the observed variability. Although the SMBBH model does not seem necessary to explain the observed variability, an SMBBH or Lense-Thirring precession (disc around single BH) seem to be required to explain the time-scale of the precessing motion. Besides jet rotation also nutation of the jet axis could explain the observed motion of the jet axis. We find a strikingly similar scaling for the time-scales for precession and nutation as indicated for SS433 with a factor of roughly 50 times longer in OJ287

Thermal and magnetic properties of integrable spin-1 and spin-3/2 chains with applications to real compounds

The ground state and thermodynamic properties of spin-1 and spin-3/2 chains are investigated via exactly solved su(3) and su(4) models with physically motivated chemical potential terms. The analysis involves the Thermodynamic Bethe Ansatz and the High Temperature Expansion (HTE) methods. For the spin-1 chain with large single-ion anisotropy, a gapped phase occurs which is significantly different from the valence-bond-solid Haldane phase. The theoretical curves for the magnetization, susceptibility and specific heat are favourably compared with experimental data for a number of spin-1 chain compounds. For the spin-3/2 chain a degenerate gapped phase exists starting at zero external magnetic field. A middle magnetization plateau can be triggered by the single-ion anisotropy term. Overall, our results lend further weight to the applicability of integrable models to the physics of low-dimensional quantum spin systems. They also highlight the utility of the exact HTE method.Comment: 38 pages, 15 figure

Morphometric Relationship, Phylogenetic Correlation, and Character Evolution in the Species-Rich Genus Aphis (Hemiptera: Aphididae)

The species-rich genus Aphis consists of more than 500 species, many of them host-specific on a wide range of plants, yet very similar in general appearance due to convergence toward particular morphological types. Most species have been historically clustered into four main phenotypic groups (gossypii, craccivora, fabae, and spiraecola groups). To confirm the morphological hypotheses between these groups and to examine the characteristics that determine them, multivariate morphometric analyses were performed using 28 characters measured/counted from 40 species. To infer whether the morphological relationships are correlated with the genetic relationships, we compared the morphometric dataset with a phylogeny reconstructed from the combined dataset of three mtDNA and one nuclear DNA regions.Based on a comparison of morphological and molecular datasets, we confirmed morphological reduction or regression in the gossypii group unlike in related groups. Most morphological characteristics of the gossypii group were less variable than for the other groups. Due to these, the gossypii group could be morphologically well separated from the craccivora, fabae, and spiraecola groups. In addition, the correlation of the rates of evolution between morphological and DNA datasets was highly significant in their diversification.The morphological separation between the gossypii group and the other species-groups are congruent with their phylogenetic relationships. Analysis of trait evolution revealed that the morphological traits found to be significant based on the morphometric analyses were confidently correlated with the phylogeny. The dominant patterns of trait evolution resulting in increased rates of short branches and temporally later evolution are likely suitable for the modality of Aphis speciation because they have adapted species-specifically, rapidly, and more recently on many different host plants

підручник

Міграційне право України: підручник / [ Гусаров С. М., Безпалова О. І., Грохольський В. Л. та інш.], за заг. ред. В.В. Ковальської; МОН України, Міжнар. ун-т бізнесу і права. – Херсон: ФОП Грінь, 2016 – 476 с. – ISBN 978-966-930-098-0.У підручнику викладені основні принципи міграційного права України як самостійної галузі права. У ньому розкрито понятійний апарат міграційного права, проблеми управління міграційними процесами, статус суб'єктів міграційного права, сутність міграційного режиму, принципи відповідальності за міграційні правопорушення. Для студентів, курсантів, аспірантів, ад'юнктів, докторантів, викладачів юридичних спеціальностей вищих навчальних закладів та працівників правоохоронних органів України.The textbook sets out the basic principles of migration law in Ukraine as an independent branch of law. It discloses the conceptual apparatus of migration law, the problems of managing migration processes, the status of subjects of migration law, the essence of the migration regime, principles of responsibility for migration offenses. For students, cadets, graduate students, adjuncts, doctoral students, teachers of legal specialties of higher educational institutions and law enforcement officers of Ukraine.В учебнике изложены основные принципы миграционного права Украины как самостоятельной отрасли права. В нем раскрыты понятийный аппарат миграционного права, проблемы управления миграционными процессами, статус субъектов миграционного права, сущность миграционного режима, принципы ответственности за миграционные правонарушения. Для студентов, курсантов, аспирантов, адъюнктов, докторантов, преподавателей юридических специальностей высших учебных заведений и работников правоохранительных органов Украины

A New Concept of Enhancing the Efficacy of Antimicrobial Therapy of Pyo-Inflammatory Diseases in Children

Pyo-inflammatory diseases are quite common among various surgical diseases in children. Etiotropic antimicrobial therapy of these conditions is of primary importance. Modern pathogenic bacteria possess a high degree of drug resistance to antimicrobials, which significantly reduces the effectiveness of treatment and contributes to the spread of infection and the development of pyo-inflammatory complications.The objective of the research was to study peculiar properties of virulence factors production by S. aureus within 24 hours as well as to determine on this basis the directions of improving the efficiency of antimicrobial therapy of pyo-inflammatory diseases in children.Materials and methods. There were conducted in vitro experimental microbiological studies concerning the study of the daily dynamics of virulence factors of causative agents of purulent-inflammatory diseases in children. The materials for the study were as follows: wound tissues, purulent exudate, dressings and suture material, catheters and drainage elements.Results. Microbiological studies revealed that drug resistance of pathogenic microorganisms originates from the production of various factors of bacterial aggression including the formation of biofilms. The study showed that the level of production of virulence factors and the sensitivity of S. aureus to antimicrobial agents were not constant over the day. Recorded peaks of increasing adhesive activity, teichoic acids content, production of planktonic cells and formation of dense biofilms by S. aureus depended on the time of administration of antimicrobials and maximum concentration of the medication in an organism.Conclusions. The regularity observed allowed us to develop a new concept to increase the efficiency of treatment of pyo-inflammatory diseases in children by means of change in the time for administration of antimicrobial agents during the day so that the period of maximum action would coincide with periods of minimal drug resistance of pathogens. This will allow us to significantly improve the effectiveness of antimicrobial therapy without increasing doses of medications that are administered

Diagnostic usefulness of Galectin-3 in thyroid gland nodular lesions

Aim. The objective of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic usefulness of Galectin-3 marker in the diagnosis of thyroid nodules. Methods and results. results of immunocytochemical method for the expression of a tumor marker of galectin-3 in samples taken with the suction puncture biopsy of the thyroid gland in 230 patients were studied. It was established that immunocytochemical method of survey in material malignantion of thyroid tumors in 90–95% of cases observed bright reaction to galectin-3 in foulliculy and papillary thyroid cancer. In benign tumors this reaction was weak or was absent. Conclusion. This gives rise to the application of this method to identify malignant tumors of the thyroid gland or in the differential diagnostics of malignant and benign tumors of the thyroid gland

Використання галектину-3 в діагностиці вузлових форм захворювань щитоподібної залози

Aim. The objective of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic usefulness of Galectin-3 marker in the diagnosis of thyroid nodules.Methods and results. results of immunocytochemical method for the expression of a tumor marker of galectin-3 in samples taken with the suction puncture biopsy of the thyroid gland in 230 patients were studied. It was established that immunocytochemical method of survey in material malignantion of thyroid tumors in 90–95% of cases observed  bright reaction to galectin-3 in foulliculy and papillary thyroid cancer. In benign tumors this reaction was weak or was absent.Conclusion. This gives rise to the application of this method to identify malignant tumors of the thyroid gland or in the differential diagnostics of malignant and benign tumors of the thyroid gland.С целью усовершенствования диагностики узловых форм заболеваний щитовидной железы проведено исследование использования галектина-3. У 230 больных взяты образцы методом аспирационной пункционной биопсии узлов щитовидной железы. Проведено исследование экспрессии онкомаркера галектина-3 в полученных образцах иммуноцитохимическим методом. Установлено, что при иммуноцитохимическом методе исследования в материалах злокачественных опухолей щитовидной железы в 90–95% случаев наблюдалась ярко выраженная реакция на галектин-3 при фолликулярном и папиллярном раке щитовидной железы. При доброкачественных опухолях эта реакция была слабой или отсутствовала. Это свидетельствует о целесообразности применения данного иммуноцитохимического метода для выявления злокачественного образования в щитовидной железе или при дифференциальной диагностике злокачественных и доброкачественных опухолей щитовидной железы. З метою вдосконалення діагностики вузлових форм захворювань щитоподібної залози виконали дослідження використання галектину-3. У 230 хворих взяли зразки методом аспіраційної пункційної біопсії вузлів щитоподібної залози. Здійснили дослідження експресії онкомаркера галектину-3 в зразках, що отримали, імуноцитохімічним методом. Встановили, що при імуноцитохімічному методі обстеження в матеріалах злоякісних пухлин щитоподібної залози у 90–95% випадків спостерігалась яскрава реакція на галектин-3 при фолікулярному та папілярному раку щитоподібної залози. При доброякісних пухлинах ця реакція була слабкою або відсутньою. Це свідчить про доцільність запровадження цього імуноцитохімічного методу для виявлення злоякісного утворення в щитоподібній залозі або при диференційній діагностиці між злоякісними й доброякісними пухлинами  щитоподібної залози