Prediction of Gut Wall Integrity Loss in Viral Gastroenteritis by Non-Invasive Marker

BACKGROUND: Intestinal fatty acid binding proteins (I-FABPs) are mainly expressed in the intestinal villi, which are the initial site of destruction in viral gastroenteritis.AIM: This study was designed to assess serum I-FABPs as a predictor of gut wall integrity loss in viral gastroenteritis.PATIENTS AND METHODS: This case-control cross-sectional study was conducted on 93 cases of acute viral gastroenteritis. Twenty-eight healthy children matching in age were recruited as control group. Serum I-FABPs were measured using ELISA technique. Viral detection and typing were done by PCR for adenovirus, and by Reverse transcriptase PCR for rotavirus, astrovirus and norovirus.RESULTS: Serum I-FABPs level was significantly higher in the cases compared to the controls and was also higher in the 46 rotavirus gastroenteritis cases compared to other viral gastroenteritis cases. Serum I- FABPs level was significantly higher in severely dehydrated cases as compared to mildly dehydrated ones (P=0.037).CONCLUSION: Serum I-FABPs could be used as an early and sensitive predictor marker of gut wall integrity loss in children with viral gastroenteritis and its level can indicate case severity

Supplementary Material for: Colonic Anastomotic Leak Model in Swine

Introduction: Anastomotic leaks are serious postoperative complications. Current experimental studies designed to investigate leaks are based on acute intraoperative dehiscence of the anastomosis. Clinically, however, AL usually happens later in the post-operative course. Presented here is a clinically relevant colonic anastomotic leak model in swine. Methods: 17 Yorkshire pigs were divided into 2 groups: the control group (n=6) and the experimental group (n=11). An enterotomy was performed on the descending colon and an end-to-end handsewn anastomosis was created in the groups. The proximal and distal ends of the suture were exteriorized and tied to a plastic tube. Subsequently, the suture was cut and pulled to induce breakdown of the anastomosis in the experimental group 3-4 hours postoperatively. Study endpoints included behavioral changes, clinical assessment, laboratory indicators, and macroscopic indicators of leakage. Results: Leaks were successfully created in 8/11 of the experimental group animals and confirmed through exploratory relaparotomy. Seven of the experimental pigs showed complete anastomotic breakdown and one showed partial rupture. Fecal peritonitis and enteric spillage were observed macroscopically within the abdomen of the experimental pigs, confirming the presence of a leak. The remaining (3/11) experimental pigs did not experience those findings due to either a tamponade/containment by the abdominal wall or surrounding organs. Statistical significance (p<0.05) was achieved between the experimental and control cohorts for laboratory and clinical indicators including fever, leukocytosis, and decreased blood potassium. Conclusion: This animal model generated postoperative induced leak in approximately three-quarters (8/11) of experimental pigs, allowing control over the time of leak onset to simulate clinical settings

Supplementary Material for: Colonic Anastomotic Leak Model in Swine

Introduction: Anastomotic leaks are serious postoperative complications. Current experimental studies designed to investigate leaks are based on acute intraoperative dehiscence of the anastomosis. Clinically, however, AL usually happens later in the post-operative course. Presented here is a clinically relevant colonic anastomotic leak model in swine. Methods: 17 Yorkshire pigs were divided into 2 groups: the control group (n=6) and the experimental group (n=11). An enterotomy was performed on the descending colon and an end-to-end handsewn anastomosis was created in the groups. The proximal and distal ends of the suture were exteriorized and tied to a plastic tube. Subsequently, the suture was cut and pulled to induce breakdown of the anastomosis in the experimental group 3-4 hours postoperatively. Study endpoints included behavioral changes, clinical assessment, laboratory indicators, and macroscopic indicators of leakage. Results: Leaks were successfully created in 8/11 of the experimental group animals and confirmed through exploratory relaparotomy. Seven of the experimental pigs showed complete anastomotic breakdown and one showed partial rupture. Fecal peritonitis and enteric spillage were observed macroscopically within the abdomen of the experimental pigs, confirming the presence of a leak. The remaining (3/11) experimental pigs did not experience those findings due to either a tamponade/containment by the abdominal wall or surrounding organs. Statistical significance (p<0.05) was achieved between the experimental and control cohorts for laboratory and clinical indicators including fever, leukocytosis, and decreased blood potassium. Conclusion: This animal model generated postoperative induced leak in approximately three-quarters (8/11) of experimental pigs, allowing control over the time of leak onset to simulate clinical settings

Menumbuhkan Minat Literasi Pada Anak Usia Dini Di Taman Kanak Kanak Ar Rahman Motik

Literasi secara sederhana dimaknai sebagai kemampuan baca-tulis. Namun ada kesalahan dalam memahami posisi literasi dan hubungannya dengan kemampauan anak usai dini karena pendidikan anak usia dini adalah suatu upaya pembinaan yang ditujukan kepada anak sejak lahir sampai dengan usia enam tahun yang dilakukan melalui pemberian rangsangan pendidikan untuk membantu pertumbuhan dan perkembangan jasmani dan rohani agar anak memiliki kesiapan dalam memasuki pendidikan lebih lanjut. Kebanyakan orang tua menuntut agar anaknya dapat membaca dan menulis sedini mungkin. Fokusnya bukan pada pengenalan literasi, namun pada target kemampuan anak menguasai literasi sejak dini. Tuntutan orang tua tersebut membuka celah “memaksa” anak untuk belajar membaca dan menulis. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendapatkan gambaran stimulasi meningkatkan minat literasi anak usia dini. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif melalui observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian di Taman Kanak-kanak Ar Rahman Motik, menunjukkan bahwa menumbuhkan minat literasi pada anak usia dini dapat dilakukan melalui kegiatan pembiasaan yang menyenangkan dan dilakukan sejak anak datang sampai kepulangan, melalui kemampuan dasar mendengarkan, menyimak, berbicara dan menyampaikan informasi

37 ID Design

Abstract BACKGROUND: Intestinal fatty acid binding proteins (I-FABPs) are mainly expressed in the intestinal villi, which are the initial site of destruction in viral gastroenteritis

Basic Science

Abstract BACKGROUND: Intestinal fatty acid binding proteins (I-FABPs) are mainly expressed in the intestinal villi, which are the initial site of destruction in viral gastroenteritis

Regeneration of injured articular cartilage using the recombinant human amelogenin protein

Aims: Cartilage injuries rarely heal spontaneously and often require surgical intervention, leading to the formation of biomechanically inferior fibrous tissue. This study aimed to evaluate the possible effect of amelogenin on the healing process of a large osteochondral injury (OCI) in a rat model. Methods: A reproducible large OCI was created in the right leg femoral trochlea of 93 rats. The OCIs were treated with 0.1, 0.5, 1.0, 2.5, or 5.0 μg/μl recombinant human amelogenin protein (rHAM+) dissolved in propylene glycol alginate (PGA) carrier, or with PGA carrier alone. The degree of healing was evaluated 12 weeks after treatment by morphometric analysis and histological evaluation. Cell recruitment to the site of injury as well as the origin of the migrating cells were assessed four days after treatment with 0.5 μg/μl rHAM+ using immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence. Results: A total of 12 weeks after treatment, 0.5 μg/μl rHAM+ brought about significant repair of the subchondral bone and cartilage. Increased expression of proteoglycan and type II collagen and decreased expression of type I collagen were revealed at the surface of the defect, and an elevated level of type X collagen at the newly developed tide mark region. Conversely, the control group showed osteoarthritic alterations. Recruitment of cells expressing the mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) markers CD105 and STRO-1, from adjacent bone marrow toward the OCI, was noted four days after treatment. Conclusion: We found that 0.5 μg/μl rHAM+ induced in vivo healing of injured articular cartilage and subchondral bone in a rat model, preventing the destructive post-traumatic osteoarthritic changes seen in control OCIs, through paracrine recruitment of cells a few days after treatment. Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2023;12(10):615–623