Opis dviju novih vrsta, Phoxinellus krbavensis i P. jadovensis, rediskripcija vrste P. fontinalis Karaman, 1972 i rasprava o rasprostranjenju vrsta roda Phoxinellus (Teleostei: Cyprinidae) u Hrvatskoj i u Bosni i Hercegovini

Including description of two new species, ten Phoxinellus species are reported from Croatia and Bosnia-Herzegovina. Phoxinellus krbavensis, new species, and Phoxinellus jadovensis, new species, together with P. adspersus and P. ghetaldii, constitute a group which is characterized by an irregular spotted color pattern, an elongate caudal peduncle, a large postcleithrum, an increased number of precaudal anal-fin pterygiophores, and the presence of a large genital papilla in females. P. krbavensis also differs from all congeners in having a short, highly interrupted lateral line formed from small, separated poorly ossified scales, commonly 20–40, extremely reduced body scales, a very short V-A distance, and the highest number of gill rakers (usually 11). P. jadovensis is distinguished from the other species of the group in having a conical slightly pointed snout, a terminal mouth, body scales embedded, poorly ossified, and spaced, and a long lateral line, commonly 51–60 total scales. P. pstrossii, described from the Trebišnjica River is tentatively considered to be a synonym for P. ghetaldii. P. fontinalis, a poorly-known striped Phoxinellus, differs from all other species of the genus in particular by having a strongly laterally compressed, humped body with a straightened ventral profile and a short caudal peduncle, well developed scales, an incomplete interrupted lateral line with (17)23–37(56) total scales, terminating in the area between the pectoral and anal fins, and a rel-atively elongate abdominal vertebral region, total count usually 23+16 or 23+17 with numerous both predorsal (15) and intermediate (5) vertebrae.Zajedno s opisom dviju novih vrsta poznato je deset opisanih vrsta roda Phoxinellus iz Hrvatske i Bosne i Hercegovine. Dvije nove vrste, P. krbavensis i P. jadovensis zajedno s P. adspersus i P. ghetaldii tvore skupinu koju karakteriziraju: nepravilne točkaste šare, izduženi korijen repa, veliki postkleitrum, povećani broj pterigiofora u podrepnoj peraji, te povećana genitalna kvržica kod ženki. P. krbavensis se od srodnih vrsta razlikuje po kratkoj i vrlo isprekidanoj bočnoj pruzi, koju čini najčešće 20 do 40 sitnih razdvojenih i slabo okoštalih ljusaka, veoma kratkoj A–V udaljenosti, te najvećem broju škržnih lukova (najčešće 11). P. jadovensis se razlikuje od drugih vrsta iz skupine po koničnom, blago zašiljenom rostrumu, terminalnim ustima, slabo osificiranim uraslim ljuskama i dugoj neprekinutoj bočnoj pruzi s najčešće ukupno 51 do 60 ljusaka. P. pstrossii opisan iz rijeke Trebišnjice je najvjerojatnije sinonim P. ghetaldii. P. fontinalis je dosad slabo poznata Phoxinellus vrsta koja se razlikuje od ostalih vrsta roda po izrazito bočno spljoštenom grbavom tijelu s izravnatim trbušnim profilom i kratkim korijenom repa, dobro razvijenim ljuskama, nepotpunom i isprekidanom bočnom prugom s ukupno (17)23–37(56) ljusaka koja završava između prsne i podrepne peraje, relativno produženim abdominalnim dijelom kralježnice (najčešće 23+16 ili 23+17) s brojnim predleđnim (15) i središnjim (5) kralješcima

†Kenyaichthyidae fam. nov and †Kenyaichthys gen. nov - First Record of a Fossil Aplocheiloid Killifish (Teleostei, Cyprinodontiformes)

The extant Cyprinodontiformes (killifishes) with their two suborders Cyprinodontoidei and Aplocheiloidei represent a diverse and well-studied group of fishes. However, their fossil record is comparatively sparse and has so far yielded members of the Cyprinodontoidei only. Here we report on cyprinodontiform fossils from the upper Miocene Lukeino Formation in the Tugen Hills of the Central Rift Valley of Kenya, which represent the first fossil record of an aplocheiloid killifish. A total of 169 specimens - mostly extraordinarily well preserved and a sample of ten extant cyprinodontiform species were studied on the basis of morphometrics, meristics and osteology. A phylogenetic analysis using PAUP was also conducted for the fossils. Both the osteological data and the phylogenetic analysis provide strong evidence for the assignment of the fossils to the Aplocheiloidei, and justify the definition of the new family dagger Kenyaichthyidae, the new genus dagger Kenyaichthys and the new species dagger K. kipkechi sp. nov. The phylogenetic analysis unexpectedly places dagger Kenyaichthys gen. nov. in a sister relationship to the Rivulidae (a purely Neotropical group),a probable explanation might be lack of available synapomorphies for the Rivulidae, Nothobranchiidae and Aplocheilidae. The specimens of dagger K. kipkechi sp. nov. show several polymorphic characters and large overlap in meristic traits, which justifies their interpretation as a species flock in statu nascendi. Patterns of variation in neural and haemal spine dimensions in the caudal vertebrae of dagger Kenyaichthys gen. nov. and the extant species studied indicate that some previously suggested synapomorphies of the Cyprinodontoidei and Aplocheiloidei need to be revised

Opis dviju novih vrsta, Phoxinellus krbavensis i P. jadovensis, rediskripcija vrste P. fontinalis Karaman, 1972 i rasprava o rasprostranjenju vrsta roda Phoxinellus (Teleostei: Cyprinidae) u Hrvatskoj i u Bosni i Hercegovini

Including description of two new species, ten Phoxinellus species are reported from Croatia and Bosnia-Herzegovina. Phoxinellus krbavensis, new species, and Phoxinellus jadovensis, new species, together with P. adspersus and P. ghetaldii, constitute a group which is characterized by an irregular spotted color pattern, an elongate caudal peduncle, a large postcleithrum, an increased number of precaudal anal-fin pterygiophores, and the presence of a large genital papilla in females. P. krbavensis also differs from all congeners in having a short, highly interrupted lateral line formed from small, separated poorly ossified scales, commonly 20–40, extremely reduced body scales, a very short V-A distance, and the highest number of gill rakers (usually 11). P. jadovensis is distinguished from the other species of the group in having a conical slightly pointed snout, a terminal mouth, body scales embedded, poorly ossified, and spaced, and a long lateral line, commonly 51–60 total scales. P. pstrossii, described from the Trebišnjica River is tentatively considered to be a synonym for P. ghetaldii. P. fontinalis, a poorly-known striped Phoxinellus, differs from all other species of the genus in particular by having a strongly laterally compressed, humped body with a straightened ventral profile and a short caudal peduncle, well developed scales, an incomplete interrupted lateral line with (17)23–37(56) total scales, terminating in the area between the pectoral and anal fins, and a rel-atively elongate abdominal vertebral region, total count usually 23+16 or 23+17 with numerous both predorsal (15) and intermediate (5) vertebrae.Zajedno s opisom dviju novih vrsta poznato je deset opisanih vrsta roda Phoxinellus iz Hrvatske i Bosne i Hercegovine. Dvije nove vrste, P. krbavensis i P. jadovensis zajedno s P. adspersus i P. ghetaldii tvore skupinu koju karakteriziraju: nepravilne točkaste šare, izduženi korijen repa, veliki postkleitrum, povećani broj pterigiofora u podrepnoj peraji, te povećana genitalna kvržica kod ženki. P. krbavensis se od srodnih vrsta razlikuje po kratkoj i vrlo isprekidanoj bočnoj pruzi, koju čini najčešće 20 do 40 sitnih razdvojenih i slabo okoštalih ljusaka, veoma kratkoj A–V udaljenosti, te najvećem broju škržnih lukova (najčešće 11). P. jadovensis se razlikuje od drugih vrsta iz skupine po koničnom, blago zašiljenom rostrumu, terminalnim ustima, slabo osificiranim uraslim ljuskama i dugoj neprekinutoj bočnoj pruzi s najčešće ukupno 51 do 60 ljusaka. P. pstrossii opisan iz rijeke Trebišnjice je najvjerojatnije sinonim P. ghetaldii. P. fontinalis je dosad slabo poznata Phoxinellus vrsta koja se razlikuje od ostalih vrsta roda po izrazito bočno spljoštenom grbavom tijelu s izravnatim trbušnim profilom i kratkim korijenom repa, dobro razvijenim ljuskama, nepotpunom i isprekidanom bočnom prugom s ukupno (17)23–37(56) ljusaka koja završava između prsne i podrepne peraje, relativno produženim abdominalnim dijelom kralježnice (najčešće 23+16 ili 23+17) s brojnim predleđnim (15) i središnjim (5) kralješcima

Sea of Azov: A brief review of the environment and fishery

<div><p>The Sea of Azov, bounded by Ukraine and Russia, is a unique brackish waterbody from many points of view despite its small size. Low water salinity, shallow waters, high summer temperatures, large riverine inputs of organic matter and minerals, and other factors lead to its very high biological productivity. The article reviews specific features of the Sea of Azov fish fauna and fisheries providing some historical and modern statistical data. An updated check-list of native and non-indigenous fish taxa permanently or occasionally inhabiting the Sea of Azov is included.</p></div