Psychophysiological and psychological features of elite young volleyball players

Objective: to analyze the psychological and psychophysiological features of effective volleyball play. Materials and methods: the study involved 19 female athlets with average age of 17±1 years. The study was conducted during the pre-competition period. Personality traits, sport motivation, coping strategies, emotional burnout, skills of mental training and visualization, were assessed by adapted Russian-language versions of questionnaires «Freiburg multi-factor personal questionnaire (FPI)», «Sport motivation scale (SMS)», «The Sport Imagery Questionnaire (SIQ)», «Strategic Approach to Coping Scale (SACS)», «Maslach burnout inventory». The levels of chronic and acute stress were assessed by «Acute and chronic stress scale». Attentional set-shifting, concentration of attention were examined by the Munsterberg test and the «Entangled lines» test. The speed and stability of sensorimotor functioning were assessed by Simple Reaction Time test and Choice Reaction Time test. Stress load was simulated by the game-biofeedback approach to examine the effectiveness of self-regulation. The obtained data were compared with the assessment of athletes’ gaming efficiency. Results: Revealed significant connection between game effectiveness and the reduced level of stress: high speed, reaction stability, internal motivation, decreased neuroticity, depressiveness, aggressiveness, emotional lability, developed skills of self-regulation, visualization and ideomotor training are discussed. Conclusions: Revealed psychological and psychophysiological features might be considered as components of the young female volleyball players’ model psychophysiological state

Quality and consumer properties of bread baked from mixture of rye and wheat flour using iodine-containing additives

Nowadays the state policy in the field of healthy nutrition of the population pays special attention to the development, production and sale of functional products with the purpose of preservation and promotion of health of the population, prevention of diseases, including those caused by defective and unbalanced nutrition of children and adults. The enrichment of bread with iodine is effective and safe, technologically feasible, has a minimal impact on the price of products. The bread production according to the experimental variants was carried out by the method of test laboratory baking, followed by the assessment by quality indicators according to generally accepted methods. Iodine additives were added during the mixing of the dough with liquid components. It was established that iodine-containing raw materials had an ambiguous effect on the overall baking evaluation of bread baked from wheat-rye flour with the addition of iodine-containing raw materials. With each stage of the technological process, a gradual decrease in the iodine content in all samples occurs due to the influence of various temperatures and mechanical stress. Bread with the addition of iodine casein after kneading contains 147.75 micrograms of iodine, after proofing – 126.64 micrograms, and after baking – 94.99 micrograms. During storage, a similar situation is observed, for example, after 24 hours of storage the bread with the addition of iodinedar contains 68.43 ng. and after 48 hours – 59.77 gg

Primary production within the euphotic layer of the Norwegian Sea in July 1997: measurements by different methods

Results of primary production measurements obtained by different methods are presented. These methods are radiocarbon and oxygen modifications of the flask method, as well as fluorometric procedure with a PrimProd submersible probing fluorometer (produced at the Biological Department, Moscow State University). The research was carried out during a complex expedition aboard R/V Akademik Boris Petrov to the Norwegian Sea in July, 1977. Distributions of primary production values measured by different methods were correlated with other oceanographic data. Then a comparison of obtained values by the above-mentioned methods was performed