244 research outputs found
"Stretched thin with little children” – smoking perceptions and experiences of families seeking help with parenting
Cigarette smoking is the leading preventable cause of poor pregnancy outcomes. Pregnancy is a trigger for smoking cessation yet, up to 50% of parents will relapse in the early years of their child’s life. The smoking-related perceptions and experiences of eleven parents seeking professional help with the care and parenting of babies and toddlers were explored, using semi-structured interviews. Inductive thematic analysis identified three themes: parenting as a change catalyst, smoking as a parenting challenge and smoking as a coping strategy. Becoming a parent is a catalyst to reduce the associated risks and stigma associated with smoking, but maintaining rules and boundaries can be perceived as a further burden for parents who are struggling to care for their infant. When faced with difficulties with parenting, parents may revert to smoking as a coping strategy. Based on these study findings, interventions targeting gender norms may be useful in addressing smoking cessation
Diquark and triquark correlations in the deconfined phase of QCD
We use the non-perturbative Q\bar Q potential at finite temperatures derived
in the Field Correlator Method to obtain binding energies for the lowest
eigenstates in the Q\bar Q and QQQ systems (Q=c,b). The three--quark problem is
solved by the hyperspherical method. The solution provides an estimate of the
melting temperature and the radii for the different diquark and triquark bound
states. In particular we find that J/\psi and ground states survive up to
T \sim 1.3 T_c, where T_c is the critical temperature, while the corresponding
bottomonium states survive even up to higher temperature, T \sim 2.2 T_c.Comment: 11 pages, 1 figure; published versio
Cancer care clinicians’ provision of smoking cessation support: a mixed methods study in New South Wales, Australia
Running Coupling and the Lambda-Parameter from SU(3) Lattice Simulations
We present new results on the static qq-potential from high statistics
simulations on 32^4 and smaller lattices, using the standard Wilson beta = 6.0,
6.4, and 6.8. Within our statistical errors we do not observe any finite size
effects affecting the potential values, on varying the spatial lattice extent
from 0.9fm up to 3.3fm. We are able to see and quantify the running of the
coupling from the Coulomb behaviour of the interquark force. From this we
extract the ratio \sqrt{sigma}/Lambda_L. We demonstrate that scaling violations
on the string tension can be considerably reduced by introducing effective
coupling schemes, which allow for a safe extrapolation of \Lambda_L to its
continuum value. Both methods yield consistent values for Lambda: Lambda_MSbar
= 0.558_{-0.007}^{+0.017}\sqrt{sigma} = 246_{-3}^{+7}MeV. At the highest energy
scale attainable to us we find alpha(5 GeV) = 0.150(3)Comment: 19 pages (LaTex), +6 pages with figures (Postscript, 432K), WUB
92--2
Gluon Condensation in Nonperturbative Flow Equations
We employ nonperturbative flow equations for an investigation of the
effective action in Yang-Mills theories. We compute the effective action
for constant color magnetic fields and examine Savvidy's
conjecture of an unstable perturbative vacuum. Our results indicate that the
absolute minimum of occurs for B=0. Gluon condensation is described
by a nonvanishing expectation value of the regularized composite operator
which agrees with phenomenological estimates.Comment: 64 pages, late
Dual Superconductor Scenario of Confinement: A Systematic Study of Gribov Copy Effects
We perform a study of the effects from maximal abelian gauge Gribov copies in
the context of the dual superconductor scenario of confinement, on the basis of
a novel approach for estimation of systematic uncertainties from incomplete
gauge fixing. We present numerical results, in SU(2) lattice gauge theory,
using the overrelaxed simulated annealing gauge fixing algorithm. We find
abelian and non-abelian string tensions to differ significantly, their ratio
being 0.92(4) at BETA = 2.5115. An approximate factorization of the abelian
potential into monopole and photon contributions has been confirmed, the former
giving rise to the abelian string tension.Comment: 35 pages uucompressed LaTeX with 10 encapsuled postscript figure
Quantifying and filtering knowledge generated by literature based discovery
Background
Literature based discovery (LBD) automatically infers missed connections between concepts in literature. It is often assumed that LBD generates more information than can be reasonably examined.
Methods
We present a detailed analysis of the quantity of hidden knowledge produced by an LBD system and the effect of various filtering approaches upon this. The investigation of filtering combined with single or multi-step linking term chains is carried out on all articles in PubMed.
Results
The evaluation is carried out using both replication of existing discoveries, which provides justification for multi-step linking chain knowledge in specific cases, and using timeslicing, which gives a large scale measure of performance.
Conclusions
While the quantity of hidden knowledge generated by LBD can be vast, we demonstrate that (a) intelligent filtering can greatly reduce the number of hidden knowledge pairs generated, (b) for a specific term, the number of single step connections can be manageable, and (c) in the absence of single step hidden links, considering multiple steps can provide valid links
Seafloor character and sedimentary processes in eastern Long Island Sound and western Block Island Sound
Author Posting. © The Author(s), 2006. This is the author's version of the work. It is posted here by permission of Springer for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Geo-Marine Letters 26 (2006): 59-68, doi: 10.1007/s00367-006-0016-4.Multibeam bathymetric data and seismic-reflection profiles collected in eastern Long
Island and western Block Island Sounds reveal previously unrecognized glacial features and
modern bedforms. Glacial features include an ice-sculptured bedrock surface, a newly identified
recessional moraine, exposed glaciolacustrine sediments, and remnants of stagnant-ice-contact
deposits. Modern bedforms include fields of transverse sand waves, barchanoid waves, giant scour
depressions, and pockmarks. Bedform asymmetry and scour around obstructions indicate that net
sediment transport is westward across the northern par of the study area near Fishers Island and
eastward across the southern par near Great Gull Island.This work was supported by the Coastal and Marine Geology Program of the U.S. Geological Survey, the Connecticut Department of Environmental Protection, and the Atlantic Hydrographic Branch of the
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
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Antiproton annihilations in nuclei
Recent results from LEAR experiment PS187 are presented. Preliminary data for the inclusive production of ..pi../sup +/, K/sup +/, and p from the annihilation of 180 MeV antiprotpns in /sup 28/Si and /sup 238/U are compared with predictions of intranuclear cascade calculations. Proton and pion production data are well reproduced by the calculations, but kaon yields at low momenta appear to be strongly suppressed in the experimental data. 8 refs., 5 figs
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