The orbifold cohomology of moduli of genus 3 curves

In this work we study the additive orbifold cohomology of the moduli stack of smooth genus g curves. We show that this problem reduces to investigating the rational cohomology of moduli spaces of cyclic covers of curves where the genus of the covering curve is g. Then we work out the case of genus g=3. Furthermore, we determine the part of the orbifold cohomology of the Deligne-Mumford compactification of the moduli space of genus 3 curves that comes from the Zariski closure of the inertia stack of M_3.Comment: 29 pages, 2 figures. Minor changes, to appear in Manuscripta Mat

Three-body structure of low-lying 12Be states

We investigate to what extent a description of 12Be as a three-body system made of an inert 10Be-core and two neutrons is able to reproduce the experimental 12Be data. Three-body wave functions are obtained with the hyperspherical adiabatic expansion method. We study the discrete spectrum of 12Be, the structure of the different states, the predominant transition strengths, and the continuum energy spectrum after high energy fragmentation on a light target. Two 0+, one 2+, one 1- and one 0- bound states are found where the first four are known experimentally whereas the 0- is predicted as an isomeric state. An effective neutron charge, reproducing the measured B(E1) transition and the charge rms radius in 11Be, leads to a computed B(E1) transition strength for 12Be in agreement with the experimental value. For the E0 and E2 transitions the contributions from core excitations could be more significant. The experimental 10Be-neutron continuum energy spectrum is also well reproduced except in the energy region corresponding to the 3/2- resonance in 11Be where core excitations contribute.Comment: 16 pages, 9 figures. Accepted for publication in Physical Review

New broad 8Be nuclear resonances

Energies, total and partial widths, and reduced width amplitudes of 8Be resonances up to an excitation energy of 26 MeV are extracted from a coupled channel analysis of experimental data. The presence of an extremely broad J^pi = 2^+ ``intruder'' resonance is confirmed, while a new 1^+ and very broad 4^+ resonance are discovered. A previously known 22 MeV 2^+ resonance is likely resolved into two resonances. The experimental J^pi T = 3^(+)? resonance at 22 MeV is determined to be 3^-0, and the experimental 1^-? (at 19 MeV) and 4^-? resonances to be isospin 0.Comment: 16 pages, LaTe

Multiscale Discriminant Saliency for Visual Attention

The bottom-up saliency, an early stage of humans' visual attention, can be considered as a binary classification problem between center and surround classes. Discriminant power of features for the classification is measured as mutual information between features and two classes distribution. The estimated discrepancy of two feature classes very much depends on considered scale levels; then, multi-scale structure and discriminant power are integrated by employing discrete wavelet features and Hidden markov tree (HMT). With wavelet coefficients and Hidden Markov Tree parameters, quad-tree like label structures are constructed and utilized in maximum a posterior probability (MAP) of hidden class variables at corresponding dyadic sub-squares. Then, saliency value for each dyadic square at each scale level is computed with discriminant power principle and the MAP. Finally, across multiple scales is integrated the final saliency map by an information maximization rule. Both standard quantitative tools such as NSS, LCC, AUC and qualitative assessments are used for evaluating the proposed multiscale discriminant saliency method (MDIS) against the well-know information-based saliency method AIM on its Bruce Database wity eye-tracking data. Simulation results are presented and analyzed to verify the validity of MDIS as well as point out its disadvantages for further research direction.Comment: 16 pages, ICCSA 2013 - BIOCA sessio

Chaotic Phenomenon in Nonlinear Gyrotropic Medium

Nonlinear gyrotropic medium is a medium, whose natural optical activity depends on the intensity of the incident light wave. The Kuhn's model is used to study nonlinear gyrotropic medium with great success. The Kuhn's model presents itself a model of nonlinear coupled oscillators. This article is devoted to the study of the Kuhn's nonlinear model. In the first paragraph of the paper we study classical dynamics in case of weak as well as strong nonlinearity. In case of week nonlinearity we have obtained the analytical solutions, which are in good agreement with the numerical solutions. In case of strong nonlinearity we have determined the values of those parameters for which chaos is formed in the system under study. The second paragraph of the paper refers to the question of the Kuhn's model integrability. It is shown, that at the certain values of the interaction potential this model is exactly integrable and under certain conditions it is reduced to so-called universal Hamiltonian. The third paragraph of the paper is devoted to quantum-mechanical consideration. It shows the possibility of stochastic absorption of external field energy by nonlinear gyrotropic medium. The last forth paragraph of the paper is devoted to generalization of the Kuhn's model for infinite chain of interacting oscillators

Open/Closed String Duality for Topological Gravity with Matter

The exact FZZT brane partition function for topological gravity with matter is computed using the dual two-matrix model. We show how the effective theory of open strings on a stack of FZZT branes is described by the generalized Kontsevich matrix integral, extending the earlier result for pure topological gravity. Using the well-known relation between the Kontsevich integral and a certain shift in the closed-string background, we conclude that these models exhibit open/closed string duality explicitly. Just as in pure topological gravity, the unphysical sheets of the classical FZZT moduli space are eliminated in the exact answer. Instead, they contribute small, nonperturbative corrections to the exact answer through Stokes' phenomenon.Comment: 23 pages, 1 figure, harvma

ЗАВИСИМОСТЬ РАЗМЕРОВ СПЕКЛ-ПЯТЕН И ИХ КОНТРАСТА ОТ БИОФИЗИЧЕСКИХ И СТРУКТУРНЫХ ПАРАМЕТРОВ БИОТКАНИ

Speckle fields are widely used in optical diagnostics of biotissues and evaluation of the functional state of bioobjects. The speckle field is formed by laser radiation scattered from the object under study. It bears information about the average dimensions of the scatterers, the degree of surface roughness makes it possible to judge the structural and biophysical characteristics of individual tissue cells (particles), on the one hand, and the integral optical characteristics of the entire biological tissue. The aim of the study was – the determination of connections between the biophysical and structural characteristics of the biotissue and the light fields inside the biotissues.The model developed of the medium gives a direct relationship between the optical and biophysical parameters of the biotissue. Calculations were carried out using known solutions of the radiation transfer equation, taking into account the multilayer structure of the tissue, multiple scattering in the medium, and multiple reflection of irradiation between the layers.With the increase wavelength, the size of speckles formed by the non-scattered component (direct light) of laser radiation increases by a factor of 2 from 400 to 800 μm in the stratum corneum and 5 times from 0.6 to 3 μm for the epidermis and from 0.27 to 1.4 μm to the dermis. Typical values of sizes of speckles formed by the diffraction component of laser radiation for the stratum corneum and epidermis range from 0.02 to 0.15 μm. For the dermis typical spot sizes are up to 0.03 μm. The speckle-spot size of the diffusion component in the dermis can vary from ±10 % at 400 nm and up to ±23 % for 800 nm when the volume concentration of blood capillaries changes. Characteristic dependencies are obtained and biophysical factors associated with the volume concentration of blood and the degree of it’s oxygenation that affect the contrast of the speckle structure in the dermis are discussed.The of speckles׳ size in the layers of tissue varies from a share of micrometer to millimeter. The established dependence makes it possible to determine the depth of penetration of light into the biotissue based on the dimensions of speckles. Calculation of the contrast of the speckle structure of scattered light in visible spectral range at different depths in the biotissue made it possible to establish the dependence of the contrast value of the interference pattern on the degree of oxygenation of the blood and the volume concentration of capillaries in the dermis.Спекл-поля широко используются для оптической диагностики биотканей и оценки функционального состояния биообъектов. Спекл-поле, образованное рассеянным от исследуемого объекта лазерным излучением, несет информацию о средних размерах рассеивателей, степени шероховатости поверхности, структурных и биофизических параметрах отдельных клеток (частиц) ткани, с одной стороны, и об интегральных оптических характеристиках всей толщи биоткани, с другой стороны. Цель данной работы – установление связей между биофизическими и структурными характеристиками биоткани и световыми полями внутри биотканей.Разработанная нами модель среды дает прямую связь между оптическими и биофизическими параметрами биоткани. Расчеты проводились с использованием известных решений уравнения переноса излучения, учитывающих многослойную структуру биоткани, многократное рассеяние в среде и многократное переотражение излучения между слоями.С ростом длины волны размер спеклов, образованных нерассеянной компонентой (прямой свет) лазерного излучения, увеличивается в 2 раза – от 400 до 800 мкм в роговом слое, в 5 раз – от 0,6 до 3 мкм для эпидермиса и от 0,27 до 1,4 мкм для дермы. Типичные значения размеров спеклов, образованных дифракционной составляющей лазерного излучения, для рогового слоя и эпидермиса находятся в диапазоне от 0,02 до 0,15 мкм. Для дермы типичными являются спекл-пятна размерами до 0,03 мкм. Размер спекл-пятен диффузионной составляющей в дерме варьируется в пределах от ±10 % при 400 нм и до ±23 % для 800 нм при изменении величины объемной концентрации капилляров крови. Получены характерные зависимости и обсуждены биофизические факторы, связанные с биофизическими характеристиками биоткани, которые влияют на контраст спекл-структуры в дерме.Значения размеров спеклов в слоях биоткани варьируются от долей микрометра до миллиметра. Установленная зависимость позволяет определить глубину проникновения излучения в биоткань, исходя из размеров спеклов. Расчет контраста спекл-структуры рассеянного излучения в видимом диапазоне на различной глубине в биоткани позволил установить зависимость величины контраста интерференционной картины от степени оксигенации крови и объемной концентрации капилляров в дерме

МЕТОДИКА ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЯ ОБЪЕМНОЙ КОНЦЕНТРАЦИИ КРОВИ ПО КОНТРАСТУ ИНТЕРФЕРЕНЦИОННОЙ КАРТИНЫ ВНУТРИ БИОТКАНИ

The method of determining the volume concentration of blood in contrast of the interference pattern in biological tissues is developed and described. The estimation of measurement uncertainty is given.Разработана и описана методика определения объемной концентрации крови по контрасту интерференционной картины внутри биоткани. Проведена оценка погрешности измерения разработанной методики

Система оценки функционального состояния кровотока в поверхностных слоях кожных покровов по спекл-структуре многократно рассеянного оптического излучения

Assessment of the parameters of skin microcirculation is an urgent and important task of modern medicine in the development of methods for diagnosing diseases of the nervous system. The system for assessing the functional state of blood flow in the skin surface layers in the wavelength range from 400 to 850 nm has been improved based on the use of an extended mathematical model of the propagation of optical radiation in human skin by taking into account additional parameters: optical anisotropy of the skin, diameter and shape of erythrocytes in the dermis layer, blood pressure in the brachial artery in the range from 90/60 to 195/130 mm·Hg, plasma protein concentration in the blood (α1, α2, β1, β2, γ-globulins and fibrinogen, g/l), rheological properties of blood flow with a diameter of blood vessels from 4.5 to 500 microns in the skin surface layers, skin temperature from +35 to +41 °C. The developed system makes it possible to determine the severity of microhemodynamic shifts in relation to metabolic disorders, improve diagnosis and evaluate the treatment efficacy of a number of neurological disorders; it also made it possible to reduce the patient examination time and increase the accuracy of measuring the blood flow microcirculation parameters by 10 % (linear and volumetric blood flow velocities) to detect blood flow disturbances in the surface layers of the skin in the normal and abnormal condition of the nervous system.Оценка параметров микроциркуляции кожных покровов является актуальной и важной задачей современной медицины при разработке методов диагностики заболеваний нервной системы. Усовершенствована система оценки функционального состояния кровотока в верхних слоях кожи в диапазоне длин волн от 400 до 850 нм на основе использования расширенной математической модели распространения оптического излучения в коже человека за счет учета дополнительных параметров: оптической анизотропии кожного покрова, диаметра и формы эритроцитов в слое дермы, артериального давления крови в плечевой артерии в диапазоне от 90/60 до 195/130 мм рт. ст., концентрации белков плазмы в крови (α1, α2, β1, β2, γ-глобулинов и фибриногена, г/л), реологических свойств течения крови при диаметре кровеносных сосудов от 4,5 до 500 мкм в поверхностных слоях кожи, температуры кожных покровов от +35 до +41 °С. Разработанная система позволяет определить выраженность микрогемодинамических сдвигов во взаимосвязи с метаболическими нарушениями, улучшить диагностику и оценить эффективность лечения ряда заболеваний нервной системы, сократить время обследования пациента и повысить точность измерения параметров микроциркуляции кровотока на 10 % (линейной и объемной скоростей кровотока) для выявления нарушений кровотока в поверхностных слоях кожи в норме и при патологии нервной системы человека

МЕТОДИКА ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЯ СТЕПЕНИ ОКСИГЕНАЦИИ КРОВИ ПО КОНТРАСТУ ИНТЕРФЕРЕНЦИОННОЙ КАРТИНЫ ВНУТРИ БИОТКАНИ

On the basis of characteristics of the interference pattern formed by the repeatedly scattered light has been developed and described a method of determining the degree of blood oxygenation knowing the contrast of the interference pattern in biological tissues. The estimation of measurement uncertainty of developed technique and the ways to increase accuracy are shown. It demonstrates the possibility of solving the inverse problem of oxygenation using the contrast of the interference pattern.На основе расчета характеристик интерференционной картины, формируемой многократно рассеянным светом, разработана и описана методика определения степени оксигенации крови по контрасту интерференционной картины внутри биоткани. Проведена оценка погрешности измерения разработанной методики и указаны пути увеличения точности