Nomenclatural standards of pear varieties bred by Sverdlovsk Horticultural Breeding Station

As part of the research there have been developed and published nomenclatural standards of 12 pear varieties bred by Sverdlovsk Horticultural Breeding Station: Berezhenaya (WIR-101392), Gvidon (WIR-101393), Dobryanka (WIR-101394), Zarechnaya (WIR-101395), Permyachka (WIR-101397), Raduzhnaya (WIR-101398), Rozovyy Bochonok (WIR-101399), Sverdlovchanka (WIR-101400), Sultan (WIR-101402), Talitsa (WIR-101404), Fleyta (WIR-101405), Chusovaya (WIR-103944). Plant material for nomenclatural standards was selected in the collection of the originator organization with the participation of the creators of these varieties. The herbarium sample of the nomenclature standard of each cultivar is represented mainly by two herbarium sheets containing parts of one plant collected during two periods: fruit and annual shoots ‒ in the fall 2019, flowers ‒ in the spring 2020. The herbarium label indicates: the herbarium number of the sample in the VIR Herbarium, the scientific name of the species, the name of the variety, the origin (the name of the organization in which the variety was created), the place of reproduction (where the plant was grown), the harvest dates, the names of collectors. Herbarium sheets are supplemented with photos of fruits and flowers. Nomenclatural standards are made in accordance with the recommendations of the International Code of Nomenclature for Cultivated Plants (ICNCP), registered in the database "VIR Herbarium" and included in the type collection of Herbarium of cultivated plants of the world, their wild relatives and weeds (WIR). According to the same rules, herbarium samples of 3 elite pear forms (Limonadnaya, Sretenskaya, Tais) were made, registered and included into the Main Fund of the VIR Herbarium. After registration of copyright documents for cultivars, these samples can be assigned as nomenclatural standards. In total, 27 samples in the amount of 27 herbarium sheets were transferred to the herbarium collection. A digital image of herbarium specimen is available in the database «VIR Herbarium» (http://db.vir.nw.ru/herbar/gerb)

Apple cultivars of baltic breeding in the herbarium collection of VIR

The most important purpose of the VIR Herbarium collection (WIR) is to document the cultivated flora and its dynamics. In particular, the herbarium should reflect the species and varietal composition of the live collections of the institute at different periods of time. The collection of apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) cultivars of Baltic breeding in the VIR Herbarium has been analyzed, and the cultivars from the collection maintained at the Science and Production Base "Pushkin and Pavlovsk laboratories of VIR" (SPB VIR), previously missing in the herbarium collection, herbarized. The collection contains 88 specimens of 56 apple cultivars of Baltic breeding, of which 38 specimens of 38 varieties were added to the collection in 2017

Монолобарная форма болезни Кароли с внутрипеченочным конкрементом (клиническое наблюдение)

Caroli’s disease is a rare inherited disorder characterized by nonobstructive saccular or fusiform dilation of the intrahepatic bile ducts. Two main types of Caroli’s disease are reported, the true type with isolated dilation of intrahepatic bile ducts of single liver segment with formation of stones and development of cholangitis. The second type is combined with a congenital hepatic fibrosis. The true type of Caroli’s disease is distinct from primary sclerosing cholangitis, polycystic disease, cholangiolithiasis and other diseases. This paper presents a literature review and a case of monolobar Caroli’s disease with intrahepatic stones. The difficulties of preoperative differential diagnosis are shown. Болезнь Кароли (коммуникативная кавернозная эктазия желчевыводящих путей) является редким наследственным заболеванием, которое характеризуется наличием необструктивных мешотчатых или веретенообразных расширений внутрипеченочных желчных протоков. Выделяют 2 типа болезни Кароли: истинный тип с расширением внутрипеченочных желчных протоков, с поражением, как правило, одного сегмента и со склонностью к формированию камней и развитием холангита и второй тип, который сочетается с врожденным печеночным фиброзом. Истинный тип болезни Кароли необходимо дифференцировать с первичным склерозирующим холангитом, поликистозом, холангиолитиазом и другими заболеваниями. В статье приведены обзор литературы и собственное клиническое наблюдение монолобарной формы болезни Кароли с наличием внутрипеченочного конкремента. Показаны трудности дооперационной дифференциальной диагностики

РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ ДОБАВЛЕНИЯ ПАНИТУМУМАБА К КОНВЕРСИОННОЙ ТЕРАПИИ КОЛОРЕКТАЛЬНОГО РАКА С МЕТАСТАЗАМИ В ПЕЧЕНЬ

Panitumumab has been shown to increase progression free and overall survival in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer.Our purpose was to evaluate whether panitumumab is effective and safe in patients with potentially resectable colorectal liver metastases (CRLM).Methods. Consecutive analysis of data from 11 patients (KRAS wild) receiving oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy and panitumumab as converse preoperative treatment for potentially resectable CRLM. At the moment of presentation R0-liver resection was not possible due to technical reasons (small remnant volume, large liver vessels involvement etc.). We studied objective response rate, surgical characteristics, skin toxicity profile, and perioperative course. Also expression of EGFR-ligands (transforming growth factor-α and amphiregulin) and   expression of E-cadherin were studied.Results. After median 6 courses of treatment, metastatic liver tumors were reduced considerably (PR) in 8 pts (73 %). Radical liver resection (R0) with 3 median number of removed segments was done in 6 (55 %) patients. Two pts underwent successfully the two-stage surgery (1 – portal vein embolization and 1 – portal vein ligation with partial left resection). Two patients progressed on chemotherapy (18 %). There was no correlation between skin toxicity and response. Mean blood loss was 250 ml. Preoperative administration of panitumumab was associated with higher risk of postoperative infection complication (57.1 %).Conclusions. To the best of our knowledge this is the first report about using panitumumab as conversion therapy before liver resection. The panitumumab and oxaliplatine-based regimen may increase the resection rate of liver metastases and influence on adhesive and proliferative activity of cancer cells. It is necessary to focus on postoperative infection complications.Доказано, что панитумумаб увеличивает выживаемость без прогрессирования и общую выживаемость у пациентов с метастазами колоректального рака (КРР) в печень.Целью нашего исследования стала оценка безопасности и эффективности добавления панитумумаба к лечению пациентов с потенциально резектабельными метастазами.Методы. В когортное проспективное исследование были включены 11 пациентов (дикий тип KRAS) с метастазами КРР в печень, расцененные исходно как «потенциально резектабельные» и получившие в качестве конверсионной предоперационной терапии панитумумаб в сочетании с химиотерапией на основе оксалиплатина в отделении хирургии печени, поджелудочной железы и желчных путей ФГБУ «РНЦХ им. акад. Б.В. Петровского» РАМН. К исследуемым параметрам относились частота и процент объективного ответа по критериям RECIST 1.1, оценка частоты выполнения резекции в объеме R0, интраоперационные и послеоперационные показатели, такие как кровопотеря во время операции, продолжительность операции, длительность пребывания в стационаре, осложнения, 30-дневная и 90-дневная летальность. Также изучалась экспрессия лигандов рецептора эпидермального фактора роста (EGFR) – трансформирующего фактора роста и амфирегулина, а также E-кадгерина.Результаты. После в среднем 6 курсов лечения частичный объективный ответ был зарегистрирован в 73 % случаев. Радикальную резекцию печени с удалением в среднем 3 сегментов удалось выполнить в один этап у 6 (55 %) пациентов. Два пациента успешно завершили двухэтапное лечение (1 – эмболизация воротной вены и 1 – перевязка правой воротной вены с сегментарной левосторонней резекцией). У 2 пациентов была зафиксирована прогрессия на фоне лечения. Корреляция между степенью выраженности кожной токсичности и объективным ответом отсутствовала. Медиана кровопотери составила 250 мл. Предоперационная терапия панитумумабом сопровождалась повышенным риском послеоперационных инфекционных осложнений (57,1 %).Выводы. По нашим данным, это первое исследование, в котором изучалось добавление панитумумаба к конверсионной терапии метастатического КРР до резекции печени. Режим лечения с использованием панитумумаба и оксалиплатина может увеличить частоту успешных резекций печени и влиять на адгезивные и пролиферативные свойства опухолевых клеток. Необходимо уделять внимание возможности развития послеоперационных инфекционных осложнений.

Features of autonomic regulation in cholelithiasis before and after cholecystectomy

It is appropriate and necessary to examine the functional state of the autonomic nervous system and the quality of life in patients with cholelithiasis using the mathematical analysis of the heart rhythm at the present-day level. Materials and methods: 136 patients (115 women and 21 men) were examined, of which 70 patients after cholecystectomy with cholelithiasis and 66 patients with cholelithiasis. Fractional chromatic minute-type duodenal intubation with an analysis of the biochemical and microscopic composition of the bile was used to assess the biliary system condition. The examination of the autonomic nervous system was carried out by determining the heart rhythm using the cardiointervalography method with further mathematical analysis of the structure and variational pulsometry. Changes in the autonomic status in patients with cholelithiasis before and after cholecystectomy differ in general patterns: adaptive possibilities decrease and sympathetic activity of the autonomic regulation increases. An increase in the lithogenicity of bile, which positively correlates with the level of sympathicotonia, is characteristic for patients with cholelithiasis before and after cholecystectomy. The autonomic regulation in patients with cholelithiasis after cholecystectomy improves, however, the high bile lithogenicity persists

RESULTS OF PANITUMUMAB ADDITION TO CONVERSION THERAPY FOR COLORECTAL CANCER LIVER METASTASES

Panitumumab has been shown to increase progression free and overall survival in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer.Our purpose was to evaluate whether panitumumab is effective and safe in patients with potentially resectable colorectal liver metastases (CRLM).Methods. Consecutive analysis of data from 11 patients (KRAS wild) receiving oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy and panitumumab as converse preoperative treatment for potentially resectable CRLM. At the moment of presentation R0-liver resection was not possible due to technical reasons (small remnant volume, large liver vessels involvement etc.). We studied objective response rate, surgical characteristics, skin toxicity profile, and perioperative course. Also expression of EGFR-ligands (transforming growth factor-α and amphiregulin) and   expression of E-cadherin were studied.Results. After median 6 courses of treatment, metastatic liver tumors were reduced considerably (PR) in 8 pts (73 %). Radical liver resection (R0) with 3 median number of removed segments was done in 6 (55 %) patients. Two pts underwent successfully the two-stage surgery (1 – portal vein embolization and 1 – portal vein ligation with partial left resection). Two patients progressed on chemotherapy (18 %). There was no correlation between skin toxicity and response. Mean blood loss was 250 ml. Preoperative administration of panitumumab was associated with higher risk of postoperative infection complication (57.1 %).Conclusions. To the best of our knowledge this is the first report about using panitumumab as conversion therapy before liver resection. The panitumumab and oxaliplatine-based regimen may increase the resection rate of liver metastases and influence on adhesive and proliferative activity of cancer cells. It is necessary to focus on postoperative infection complications

THE INFLUENCE OF INDAPAMIDE ON BLOOD PRESSURE DAILY PROFILE, HEMODYNAMICS AND RENIN-ANGIOTENSIN-ALDOSTERONE SYSTEM IN HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS OLDER THAN 55 YEARS

With the aim of studing influense of 3-12 mounth therapy of indapamide at the daily profile of blood pressure, condition of central hemodynamic and RAAS, were examined 121 patients older than 55 years old.We noted, that systolic blood pressure reduce on 19% and diastolic one on the 14%, mainly because of decrease of common peripheral vascular resistance. At the same time the levels of renin and aldosterone were diminished, while cardiopump function, lipid, carbohydrate and electrolyte metabolism were not changed

MOBILIZATION OF VEGETABLE AND CUCURBIT CROP GENETIC RESOURCES IN THE 21^st CENTURY

The worldwide collection of vegetable and cucurbit crops kept in VIR includes 50,019 accessions of various status -representatives of 27 families, 145 genera, 475 species received since 1923 from 95 countries of the world. Biodiversity of cultivated species and their wild relatives, especially from their centres of origin and diversity, is adequately represented in the collection. Currently, the completion of the collection is conducted in the following areas: collection of wild species and local forms with a high level of resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses, and with valuable biochemical composition; replenishment of the collection with accessions missing in the evolutionary series of vegetable crops from their ancestral forms to modern varieties and lines, including those needed for the analysis of domestication processes; introduction of crops and types of varieties novel for Russia; mobilization of the world’s best achievements in modern breeding, first of all in the newest breeding trends; mobilization of new genetic material -mutant lines, double haploid lines, and mapping populations