AM-DisCNT: Angular Multi-hop DIStance based Circular Network Transmission Protocol for WSNs

The nodes in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) contain limited energy resources, which are needed to transmit data to base station (BS). Routing protocols are designed to reduce the energy consumption. Clustering algorithms are best in this aspect. Such clustering algorithms increase the stability and lifetime of the network. However, every routing protocol is not suitable for heterogeneous environments. AM-DisCNT is proposed and evaluated as a new energy efficient protocol for wireless sensor networks. AM-DisCNT uses circular deployment for even consumption of energy in entire wireless sensor network. Cluster-head selection is on the basis of energy. Highest energy node becomes CH for that round. Energy is again compared in the next round to check the highest energy node of that round. The simulation results show that AM-DisCNT performs better than the existing heterogeneous protocols on the basis of network lifetime, throughput and stability of the system.Comment: IEEE 8th International Conference on Broadband and Wireless Computing, Communication and Applications (BWCCA'13), Compiegne, Franc

Analisis Efisiensi Organisasi Pengelola Zakat Nasional dengan Pendekatan Data Envelopment Analysis

Potensi Zakat, Infaq dan Shadaqah (ZIS) di Indonesia sangat besar dan diyakini dapat menciptakan keadilan distribusi kekayaan masyarakat. Sayangnya, dana ZIS yang berhasil dikumpulkan masih jauh dari potensi yang ada. Oleh karenanya dibutuhkan optimalisasi potensi zakat, salah satunya dengan efisiensi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat efisiensi Organisasi Pengelola Zakat (OPZ) secara relatif menggunakan Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) dengan pendekatan produksi. DEA merupakan metode nonparametrik yang digunakan untuk mengukur tingkat efisiensi unit pengambil keputusan secara relatif. Metode ini mengukur rasio antara output dan input yang diperbandingkan antar OPZ yang diteliti. Variabel output yang digunakan meliputi dana terhimpun dan dana tersalurkan, sedangkan input-nya adalah biaya personalia, biaya sosialisasi dan biaya operasional lainnya. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa efisiensi OPZ pada tahun 2005 masih lebih baik dari tahun 2006 dan 2007 baik secara teknis (94,52%), skala (75%), dan overall (71,27%). Perhitungan terhadap 9 OPZ tahun 2007 dengan asumsi CRS, menunjukkan hanya 2 OPZ yang efisien, yakni BMM dan Bamuis BNI.Penyebab utama inefisiensi adalah dana tersalurkan dan dana terhimpun, yakni menyumbang 43,1% dan 36%. Sedangkan pengukuran dengan orientasi input menyatakan bahwa sumber inefisiensi adalah biaya operasional lain sebesar 34,9% dan biaya sosialisasi sebesar 31,1%.JEL Classification : C14, L3

Non-Invasive Induction Link Model for Implantable Biomedical Microsystems: Pacemaker to Monitor Arrhythmic Patients in Body Area Networks

In this paper, a non-invasive inductive link model for an Implantable Biomedical Microsystems (IBMs) such as, a pacemaker to monitor Arrhythmic Patients (APs) in Body Area Networks (BANs) is proposed. The model acts as a driving source to keep the batteries charged, inside a device called, pacemaker. The device monitors any drift from natural human heart beats, a condition of arrythmia and also in turn, produces electrical pulses that create forced rhythms that, matches with the original normal heart rhythms. It constantly sends a medical report to the health center to keep the medical personnel aware of the patient's conditions and let them handle any critical condition, before it actually happens. Two equivalent models are compared by carrying the simulations, based on the parameters of voltage gain and link efficiency. Results depict that the series tuned primary and parallel tuned secondary circuit achieves the best results for both the parameters, keeping in view the constraint of coupling co-efficient (k), which should be less than a value \emph{0.45} as, desirable for the safety of body tissues.Comment: IEEE 8th International Conference on Broadband and Wireless Computing, Communication and Applications (BWCCA'13), Compiegne, Franc

On Modeling Geometric Joint Sink Mobility with Delay-Tolerant Cluster-less Wireless Sensor Networks

Moving Sink (MS) in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) has appeared as a blessing because it collects data directly from the nodes where the concept of relay nodes is becomes obsolete. There are, however, a few challenges to be taken care of, like data delay tolerance and trajectory of MS which is NP-hard. In our proposed scheme, we divide the square field in small squares. Middle point of the partitioned area is the sojourn location of the sink, and nodes around MS are in its transmission range, which send directly the sensed data in a delay-tolerant fashion. Two sinks are moving simultaneously; one inside and having four sojourn locations and other in outer trajectory having twelve sojourn locations. Introduction of the joint mobility enhances network life and ultimately throughput. As the MS comes under the NP-hard problem, we convert it into a geometric problem and define it as, Geometric Sink Movement (GSM). A set of linear programming equations has also been given in support of GSM which prolongs network life time

Menjinakkan” Globalisasi: Studi Kritis Globalisasi Budaya Pada Pementasan Sendratari Ramayana Borobudur

This article seeks to critically examine the performances of Ramayana as one of the cultural attractions is held periodically in the area of Prambanan temple. This study is motivated from concerns about the negative impact of globalization that hit the third world countries, including Indonesia. Among the negative form of globalization is economic and foreign cultural invasion that further marginalize local economic actors and diluting the national culture. Ramayana is an example case interesting because it uses global influences into Indonesia and transforming positively for the benefit of culture-based tourism. This tactic proved to be successful to make Ramayana as a tourist attraction that is quite attractive to foreign tourists or domestic. The article attempts to read the Ramayana as a form of glocalization, which emphasizes creativity in combining global elements with a particular locality. In addition, this article seeks to offer alternative improvements to the Ramayana using Multi-Stakeholder Governance framework and Value Chain approach. Artikel ini berupaya melakukan telaah kritis terhadap pagelaran Sendratari Ramayana sebagai salah satu atraksi budaya yang diselenggarakan secara periodik di kawasan Candi Prambanan. Telaah ini dilatarbelakangi dari kekhawatiran akan dampak negatif globalisasi yang menerpa negara-negara dunia ketiga, termasuk Indonesia. Diantara bentuk negatif globalisasi ialah invasi ekonomi dan budaya asing yang semakin meminggirkan pelaku ekonomi lokal dan melunturkan budaya nasional. Kasus Sendratari Ramayana menjadi contoh menarik karena berhasil mempergunakan pengaruh global yang masuk ke Indonesia dan mentransformasikannya secara positif untuk kepentingan pariwisata berbasis budaya. Siasat ini terbukti berhasil menjadikan Sendratari Ramayana sebagai sebuah daya tarik wisata yang cukup diminati bagi wisatawan asing ataupun domestik. Artikel ini berupaya membaca Sendratari Ramayana sebagai bentuk dari glokalisasi, yang menekankan pada kreatifitas dalam menggabungkan antara unsur global dengan lokalitas tertentu. Selain itu artikel ini juga berupaya menawarkan alternatif pembenahan terhadap Sendratari Ramayana menggunakan kerangka pikir Multistakeholder Governance dan Value Chain

Terapi Modifikasi Perilaku Untuk Penanganan Hiperaktif Pada Anak Retardasi Mental Ringan

The purpose of this study (1) How factors that cause child hyperactivity in children mild mental retardation? (2) How appropriate interventions for children who have hyperactivity in children light metal retardation ?. The subjects a child aged 12 years and 3 months. Based on the results of psychological tests, subjects classified as less intellectual capacity and in the category Mild mentally retarded (IQ = 52, Stanford Binet), while based on the results of asessmen observation, interviews and psychological tests (Binet test, Graphics, VSMS ) indicate a delay in speech and walk, obstacles in the act that is the behavior of the subjects are very active, especially in the situational circumstances such as in schools, especially in the classroom and difficulty concentrating (easily distracted attention by other stimulus). Completion of this problem is to use behavior modification using a token economy, positive reinforcement and modeling for the home which result there was a small reduction in hyperactive behavior