The 5th International Symposium on Virtual Reality, Archaeology and Cultural Heritage VAST (2004)

3D orientation of archaeological fragment

Automatic fluoroscopic Image Calibration for Traumatology Intervention Guidance

Fluoroscopic images are often used in surgery but they are difficult to exploit in computer aided medical intervention because of their numerous disadvantages. A simple method, compatible with surgical use, is presented and applied to a common operation in traumatology: the distal targeting during intra-medullary nailing. We will also show how calibrated data from fluoroscopy imaging system combined to virtual reality techniques can guide the surgeon in such difficult tasks

Effects of drought and heat on forest insect populations in relation to the 2003 drought in Western Europe

info:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

Inhibition of predator attraction to kairomones by non-host plant volatiles for herbivores: a bypass-trophic signal

Background Insect predators and parasitoids exploit attractive chemical signals from lower trophic levels as kairomones to locate their herbivore prey and hosts. We hypothesized that specific chemical cues from prey non-hosts and non-habitats, which are not part of the trophic chain, are also recognized by predators and would inhibit attraction to the host/prey kairomone signals. To test our hypothesis, we studied the olfactory physiology and behavior of a predaceous beetle, Thanasimus formicarius (L.) (Coleoptera: Cleridae), in relation to specific angiosperm plant volatiles, which are non-host volatiles (NHV) for its conifer-feeding bark beetle prey. Methodology/Principal Findings Olfactory detection in the clerid was confirmed by gas chromatography coupled to electroantennographic detection (GC-EAD) for a subset of NHV components. Among NHV, we identified two strongly antennally active molecules, 3-octanol and 1-octen-3-ol. We tested the potential inhibition of the combination of these two NHV on the walking and flight responses of the clerid to known kairomonal attractants such as synthetic mixtures of bark beetle (Ips spp.) aggregation pheromone components (cis-verbenol, ipsdienol, and E-myrcenol) combined with conifer (Picea and Pinus spp.) monoterpenes (α-pinene, terpinolene, and Δ3-carene). There was a strong inhibitory effect, both in the laboratory (effect size d = −3.2, walking bioassay) and in the field (d = −1.0, flight trapping). This is the first report of combining antennal detection (GC-EAD) and behavioral responses to identify semiochemical molecules that bypass the trophic system, signaling habitat information rather than food related information. Conclusions/Significance Our results, along with recent reports on hymenopteran parasitoids and coleopteran predators, suggest that some NHV chemicals for herbivores are part of specific behavioral signals for the higher trophic level and not part of a background noise. Such bypass-trophic signals could be of general importance for third trophic level players in avoiding unsuitable habitats with non-host plants of their prey

Expertise collective scientifique et technique : effets de la sécheresse et de la canicule 2003 sur les forêts. Rapport final

absen

Expertise collective scientifique et technique : effets de la sécheresse et de la canicule 2003 sur les forêts. Rapport final

absen