4 research outputs found
Effect of potassium application rate and timing on alfalfa yield and potassium concentration and removal in Tennessee
Received: December 1st, 2022 ; Accepted: March 15th, 2023 ; Published: April 13th, 2023 ; Correspondence: [email protected] (Medicago sativa L.) is the most important forage crop in the world and
potassium plays a significant role in achieving high yields. A field experiment was conducted
during the 2012–2014 growing seasons at the University of Tennessee in Springfield. The
experimental design was a split-split plot that included four levels of potassium (K) application
rates (0, 67.25, 134.50, and 269.00 kg K2O ha-1
) as the main plots and two K application times
(green-up and split) as the subplots, and harvest dates as sub-subplots. The results demonstrated
that the dry matter yield (DM) increased significantly with each increment in K application rate
up to 134.50 kg K2O ha-1
; however, the highest K fertilizer application (269 kg K2O ha-1
) did not
result in a significant yield increase relative to 134.50 kg K2O ha-1
, because some luxury
consumption of K occurred at the highest rate due to yield leveling off while K2O uptake
continued to rise. Potassium concentration and K removal increased with K fertilizer at rates
beyond those that maximized yield, indicating luxury consumption of K. The greatest K
concentration and removal were recorded at 269 kg K2O ha-1 in all harvest months. The split
application was more beneficial than applying full K at the time of green-up due to higher dry
matter, K concentration, and K removal in alfalfa. In conclusion, 134.50 kg K2O ha-1 is adequate
for maximizing alfalfa yield; split application of K is sometimes superior to the single dose of K
fertilizer in alfalfa production