The Development of Augmented Reality Applications for Chemistry Learning

This chapter describes the use of Augmented Reality (AR) technology in chemistry education. The chapter begins with definition analysis, development, component, working principles, steps in making AR media, and supporting applications that are related with AR in education particularly for chemistry teaching and learning process. The proposed AR system consists of three parts: computers, Head Mounted Display (HMD), and markers that use AR toolkit working principles as follows:making AR through Vuforia setting stage, making the target management, managing assets, and running processes. Additionally, Unity application also supports in AR making. There were researches in the field of education especially in chemistry teaching and learning that had used AR technology, such as the concept of crystal structure, molecular geometry, molecular chirality, and molecular hybridization

Respirator Cycle Control Modes

The goal of mechanical ventilation is to provide or improve ventilation, oxygenation, lung mechanics, and patient comfort while minimizing complications. Traditionally, volume control modes have been favored because of the ability to guarantee a preset tidal volume (VT) and minute ventilation (VE) enabling straightforward manipulation of ventilation in response to changes in the partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the blood (PaCO2). However, during volume control modes, there is no guaranteed limit of peak airway pressure. This lack of limitation of airway pressure may result in high peak airway pressures associated with changes in the patient’s compliance and resistance, causing alveolar overdistension and barotrauma. In contrast, pressure control ventilation (PCV) allows control, or limitation, of the peak inspiratory pressure (PIP) and inspiratory time (Ti) with no guarantee of VT