Information, The Decision-Making Traffic Jam Of the 21st Century- A Management Perspective

Increasingly, the value of a business today is measured in terms of what it knows, rather than what it owns. Even so, whilst knowledge exists in most organisations it is regularly difficult to access. This paper addresses the question of whether - now that we exist in the much heralded information era - the information needs of those engaged in management are being satisfied. With interest in the Internet, as a global communications medium burgeoning, we now understand how things might be in the future concerning the sheer volume of information available to the decision taker. However, a question remains as to whether this information is collected and presented in a form - at a level of specificity and depth - that makes for better decision taking. In this paper, the authors argue that there are seven issues that need addressing in order to ensure that the information needs of management are being satisfied

Optimizing diet and nutrition for cancer survivors: A review

The number of cancer survivors is increasing and they are often highly motivated to search for information about nutrition and about physical activity in order to try to improve their treatment outcomes, quality of life and overall survival. In the light of these concerns, the World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF)/American Institute for Cancer Research (AICR) as well as the American Cancer Society recommend a largely plant-based diet with limited consumption of red and processed meat, and limited consumption of alcohol, as well as the maintenance of a healthy weight throughout life and regular engagement in physical activity. There is a need for well-designed large observational and intervention studies to shed more light on the association between diet and cancer survivorship, and to suggest additional means for the secondary prevention of cancer. © 2017 Elsevier B.V

Information, the decision-making traffic jam of the 21st century A management perspective

Also known as Marketing Paper 12SIGLEAvailable from British Library Document Supply Centre-DSC:9350.957(2000/1) / BLDSC - British Library Document Supply CentreGBUnited Kingdo

Cardiometabolic factors and breast cancer: A case-control study in women

Background: Previous studies have suggested that individual cardiometabolic factors may be associated with an increased risk of breast cancer. Objective: To evaluate the association between individual cardiometabolic factors with breast cancer development. Design: A case - control study. Two-hundred-and-fifty consecutive, newly diagnosed breast cancer female patients (56±12 years) and 250, one-to-one age-matched with the patients, healthy volunteers (controls), were studied. A standardized, validated questionnaire assessing various socio-demographic, clinical, lifestyle and dietary characteristics, was applied through face-to-face interviews. Adherence to the Mediterranean diet was evaluated using the 11-components MedDietScore (theoretical range 0-55). A detailed medical history regarding the common co-morbidities (i.e., diabetes, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia) and their treatment was also recorded, while women were also categorized using the Body Mass Index (BMI) as an indicator of obesity. Results: Obesity (i.e., BMI>30 kg/m2) was positively associated with the likelihood of having breast cancer. Conclusions: With the exception of obesity, none of the other tested cardiometabolic risk factors seemed to be a predisposing factor for breast cancer development. © Mourouti et al.; Licensee Bentham Open

Dietary patterns and breast cancer: a case–control study in women

Purpose: Since dietary habits have been associated with breast cancer, the tested research hypothesis was the associations between food patterns, as derived through multivariate methods, and breast cancer. Methods: In a case–control study, Two-hundred and fifty consecutive, newly diagnosed breast cancer female patients (56 ± 12 years) and 250 one-to-one age-matched, healthy controls were studied. A standardized, validated questionnaire assessing various socio-demographic, clinical, lifestyle, and dietary characteristics was applied through face-to-face interviews. Factor analysis, with principal components method, was applied to extract dietary patterns from 86 foods or food groups consumption reported by the controls. Results: Three components were derived explaining 43 % of the total variation in consumption. Component 1 was characterized by the consumption of potatoes, red meat and its products, poultry and white meat, dairy products, use of margarine/butter in cooking or at the table, consumption of sausages, fried food as well as grilled meat or fish; component 2 was characterized by the consumption of whole grains, fruits, and vegetables; and component 3 was characterized by olive oil and fish consumption. After adjusting for various confounders, components 2 and 3 were favorably associated with the absence of having breast cancer [odds ratio (OR) 0.60, 95 % CI 0.47–0.75 and OR 0.81, 95 % CI 0.66–0.99, respectively], while component 1 was not significantly associated with the disease. Conclusions: Adherence to healthy dietary patterns (including whole grains, fruits, and vegetables, olive oil, and fish) seems to be favorable in not having breast cancer, among middle-aged women. © 2014, Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

On innovation debate Small v large of small with large?

Also known as Marketing paper no. 11SIGLEAvailable from British Library Document Supply Centre-DSC:9350.957(1999/16) / BLDSC - British Library Document Supply CentreGBUnited Kingdo

Meat consumption and breast cancer: A case-control study in women

Background: The relationship between meat intake and breast cancer has been inconsistent Objective: The aim of this work was to evaluate the association between meat intake and breast cancer, in women. Design: A case-control study with 250 consecutive, newly diagnosed breast-cancer-female-patients (56. ±. 12. years) and 250, one-to-one age-matched controls was conducted. A standardized, validated questionnaire assessing various socio-demographic, clinical, lifestyle and dietary characteristics was applied through face-to-face interviews. Data on consumption of red, white, processed and grilled meat were also recorded. Overall dietary habits were assessed through the level of adherence to the Mediterranean diet using the MedDietScore (theoretical range 0-55). Results: Processed meat intake, even for 1-2 times/week, was associated with a 2.7-fold (OR. =. 2.65, 95% CI 1.36, 5.14) (. p=. 0.004) higher likelihood of having breast cancer, while daily intake increased the likelihood by a 2.8-fold (OR. =. 2.81, 95% CI 1.13, 6.96) (. p=. 0.026), after various adjustments made. Red, white and grilled meat intake was not significantly associated with the outcome when the same adjustments were made. Conclusions: This study suggested that only daily processed-meat intake was consistently associated with increased odds of breast-cancer. © 2014 Elsevier Ltd

The J-shaped association between alcohol consumption and breast cancer: A case-control study

Background: Alcohol is considered to be a co-carcinogen as well as a tumor promoter, with several studies showing a linear dose-dependent association. However, moderate alcohol consumption has been found to be protective as far as cardiovascular diseases are concerned. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of alcohol intake with breast cancer. Design: It is a case - control study. Patients: Two hundred and fifty consecutive newly (within six months) diagnosed breast cancer patients with first developed breast cancer (56±12 years) and 250 age-matched controls were studied. Main Outcome Measures: A special questionnaire assessing various socio-demographic, clinical, lifestyle and dietary characteristics, was applied through face-to-face interviews. Moreover, frequency of alcohol intake (i.e., never, rarely, 3-4 times/month, 1-2 times/week, 3-4 times/week, daily) and type (i.e., red or white wine, beer, whisky, other beverages) of alcoholic beverages consumed were also recorded. Adherence to the Mediterranean diet was evaluated using the MedDietScore (theoretical range 0-55). Results: Alcohol drinking on a weekly basis (i.e., 3-4 times/week) was associated with lower likelihood of having breast cancer (OR=0.16; 95%CI 0.03, 0.80), while higher consumption showed opposite results. Moreover, it was revealed that wine drinking was associated with lower odds of breast cancer (OR=0.60; 95%CI 0.35, 1.00) with no significant differences between red or white wine. Limitations: The major limitation of this study was the potential recall bias. Conclusions: Moderate alcohol intake, and especially wine consumption, seem to be associated with breast cancer prevention. © 2014 Bentham Science Publishers