146 research outputs found
Effet dâun programme de dĂ©veloppement des qualitĂ©s physiques sur lâorganisme Des jeunes handballeurs de 9-12ans.
Résumé
Objectifs: ExpĂ©rimenter un programme dâentraĂźnement ayant pour finalitĂ© :le dĂ©veloppement des qualitĂ©s physiques chez les jeunes handballeurs de 9-12ans
Méthodes : Vingt jeunes handballeurs ont subi un entraßnement physique étalé sur sept mois
Lâeffet de entraĂźnement a Ă©tĂ© Ă©valuĂ© par des tests de terrain relatifs au travail rĂ©alisĂ©, en lâoccurrence : le dĂ©veloppement des qualitĂ©s physiques.
Résultats : pour la qualité Vitesse, la différence entre le test préliminaire et le test final est significative à p<0.05 .pour le test du lancer de balle, elle est significative à p<0.001
Le test dâendurance la diffĂ©rence est significative Ă p<0.001 ; pour la dĂ©tente verticale, elle est statistiquement significative Ă p<0.01 ; elle est aussi significative Ă p<0.01 pour le test de souplesse.
Conclusion : Cette Ă©tude nous montre quâun travail rationnel, basĂ© sur les principes de progression pĂ©dagogique exerce une influence positive sur lâorganisme des jeunes sportifs, et les rĂ©sultats issus de notre expĂ©rimentation ne sont que rĂ©vĂ©lateur
Etude de la morphologie chez les étudiants sportifs algériens
Résumé :
Notre Ă©tude porte sur la dĂ©termination du profil morphologique de lâĂ©tudiant en sport algĂ©rien .Cette population est au nombre de 104 sujets ; rĂ©partis en groupe de sportifs (77) et de non sportifs (27) qualifiĂ©s comme tel par rapport Ă leur expĂ©rience dans la pratique sportive qui nâexcĂšde pas trois annĂ©es; arbitrairement reprĂ©sente la population sĂ©dentaire.
LâintĂ©rĂȘt de cette Ă©tude Ă©mane du dĂ©ficit en matiĂšre de donnĂ©es nationales rĂ©fĂ©rentielles morphologiques de la population AlgĂ©rienne en gĂ©nĂ©ral et sportive en particulier dans toutes ces franges et Ă tous les niveaux de qualification. AprĂšs avoir dĂ©fini les concepts relatifs Ă la biomĂ©trie et le profil ; nous avons mis en exergue certains travaux universels relatifs Ă des Ă©tude comparatives entre les Ă©tudiants et les athlĂštes de haute qualification afin de mieux comprendre la dynamique de lâĂ©volution physique et de mieux cerner les caractĂ©ristiques morphologiques indexant chacune des deux catĂ©gories de pratiquants. A lâissue de lâĂ©tude de lâensemble des caractĂšres et indices morphologiques de la population estudiantine en sport, nous avons procĂ©dĂ© Ă une comparaison de nos rĂ©sultats Ă ceux de la rĂ©fĂ©rences universelle relatifs aux homologues Ă©trangers et Ă ceux des athlĂštes dâĂ©lite AlgĂ©riens.
Par cette approche, nous avons abouti à des résultats qui incitent à pousser des investigations plus poussées dans cet axe
Modulation of phosphatidylserine synthesis by a muscarinic receptor occupancy in human neuroblastoma cell line LA-N-1
Conversion of ethanolamine, monomethylethanolamine and dimethylethanolamine to choline-containing compounds by neurons in culture and by the rat brain
KRAS driven expression signature has prognostic power superior to mutation status in non-small cell lung cancer
KRAS is the most frequently mutated oncogene in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the prognostic role of KRAS mutation status in NSCLC still remains controversial. We hypothesize that the expression changes of genes affected by KRAS mutation status will have the most prominent effect and could be used as a prognostic signature in lung cancer. We divided NSCLC patients with mutation and RNA-seq data into KRAS mutated and wild type groups. Mann-Whitney test was used to identify genes showing altered expression between these cohorts. Mean expression of the top five genes was designated as a "transcriptomic fingerprint" of the mutation. We evaluated the effect of this signature on clinical outcome in 2,437 NSCLC patients using univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis. Mutation of KRAS was most common in adenocarcinoma. Mutation status and KRAS expression were not correlated to prognosis. The transcriptomic fingerprint of KRAS include FOXRED2, KRAS, TOP1, PEX3 and ABL2. The KRAS signature had a high prognostic power. Similar results were achieved when using the second and third set of strongest genes. Moreover, all cutoff values delivered significant prognostic power (p < 0.01). The KRAS signature also remained significant (p < 0.01) in a multivariate analysis including age, gender, smoking history and tumor stage. We generated a "surrogate signature" of KRAS mutation status in NSCLC patients by computationally linking genotype and gene expression. We show that secondary effects of a mutation can have a higher prognostic relevance than the primary genetic alteration itself
Identification of a founder BRCA2 mutation in Sardinia
Sardinian population can be instrumental in defining the molecular basis of cancer, using the identity-by-descent method. We selected seven Sardinian breast cancer families originating from the northern-central part of the island with multiple affected members in different generations. We genotyped 106 members of the seven families and 20 control nuclear families with markers flanking BRCA2 locus at 13q12âq13. The detection of a common haplotype shared by four out of seven families (60%) suggests the presence of a founder BRCA2 mutation. Direct sequencing of BRCA2 coding exons of patients carrying the shared haplotype, allowed the identification of a âframe-shiftâ mutation at codon 2867 (8765delAG), causing a premature termination-codon. This mutation was found in breast cancer patients as well as one prostate and one bladder cancer patient with shared haplotype. We then investigated the frequency of 8765delAG in the Sardinian breast cancer population by analysing 270 paraffin-embedded normal tissue samples from breast cancer patients. Five patients (1.7%) were found to be positive for the 8765delAG mutation. Discovery of a founder mutation in Sardinia through the identity-by-descent method demonstrates that this approach can be applied successfully to find mutations either for breast cancer or for other types of tumours. © 2000 Cancer Research Campaig
Treatment of non-small-cell lung cancer: a perspective on the recent advances and the experience with gefitinib
Worldwide, non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality and, until screening detects early disease, treatment for the majority of patients will consist of radiation therapy, chemotherapy or combinations thereof. Modern mono and doublet chemotherapy regimens have translated into modest increases in life expectancy and improved quality of life, but at the expense of systemic and pulmonary adverse events (AEs). There is a great unmet need to provide effective therapy for advanced NSCLC that does not have the toxicity burden of conventional chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Novel drugs that inhibit a range of growth factor receptors, such as the epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors gefitinib (âIressaâ) and erlotinib (âTarcevaâ) or the monoclonal antibody cetuximab (âErbituxâ), have recently been evaluated. Having demonstrated antitumour activity and rapid symptom improvement in pretreated patients with advanced NSCLC, gefitinib was approved in the USA, Japan and other countries. Gefitinib is well tolerated with a low incidence of grade 3/4 AEs. Interstitial lung disease has been reported in a small number of patients receiving gefitinib, although this may be attributed to other treatments and conditions. Nevertheless, although the use of novel treatments requires vigilance for unexpected AEs such as pulmonary toxicity, in this area of high unmet clinical need, the benefits outweigh the risks in patients for whom no other proven effective treatment exists
The cadherinâcatenin complex in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma
Abnormal Wnt signaling and impaired cellâcell adhesion due to abnormal E-cadherin and ÎČ-catenin function have been implicated in many cancers, but have not been fully explored in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. In this study, ÎČ-catenin cellular location and E-cadherin expression levels were analyzed in 16 laryngeal squamous cell carcinomas (LSCCs) (9 glottic and 7 supraglottic) and 11 samples of non-tumoral inflammatory larynx tissue, using immunohistochemical methods. All non-tumoral tissues showed equally strong membranous expression of ÎČ-catenin, while cytoplasmic expression was found in only 3 of the 11 samples. By contrast, whereas 8/9 glottic LSCCs exhibited only membranous expression of ÎČ-catenin, 6/7 supraglottic LSCCs displayed both membranous and cytoplasmic expression (p = 0.003). Strong E-cadherin staining was observed in 9/11 non-tumoral tissues and 7/9 glottic LSCCs, whereas 4/7 supraglottic LSCCs exhibited weak expression. Reduced membrane expression of E-cadherin and cytoplasmic retention of ÎČ-catenin in supraglottic LSCC seems to be related with more aggressive biological behavior which has been described in clinical studies. Further research is required to clarify the involvement of ÎČ-catenin in the mechanism associated with malignant transformation in laryngeal tissues
Combined assessment of EGFR pathway-related molecular markers and prognosis of NSCLC patients
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the prognostic value of the combined assessment of multiple molecular markers related to the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) pathway in resected non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. Tumour specimens of 178 NSCLC patients were collected and analysed for EGFR and KRAS mutation status by DNA sequencing, and for EGFR copy number by fluorescent in situ hybridisation. Tissue microarrays were generated and used to determine the expression of multiple EGFR pathway-related proteins by immunohistochemistry. We analysed the association between each marker and patient prognosis. Univariate analyses for each clinical variable and each molecular marker were performed using KaplanâMeier curves and log-rank tests. From these results, we selected the variables KRAS mutations and expression of cytoplasmic EGFR, granular pERK, nuclear pSTAT3, cytoplasmic E-cadherin and cytoplasmic pCMET to enter into a Cox proportional hazards model, along with stage as the strongest clinical variable related with prognosis. Of the EGFR-related markers evaluated here, the markers EGFR, pERK, pSTAT3, E-cadherin, pCMET and mutations in KRAS were associated with survival when analysed in combination in our patient cohort, with P=0.00015 as the P-value for a test of the additional impact of markers on prognosis, after taking stage into consideration. Confirmation of the impact of these markers in independent studies will be necessary
ALKBH3, a human AlkB homologue, contributes to cell survival in human non-small-cell lung cancer
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