13 research outputs found
ΠΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΈ Π² ΡΠΏΠΎΡ Ρ ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΎΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΡΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΉ: ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Π²ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Ρ ΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π΄ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ
The processes of informatization and globalization, development of information technologies, mass media and electronic communication are the major factors that caused socio-cultural transformations. Under these conditions, all social institutions, including libraries, are being transformed and modernized. The article discusses the problem of library βTo be or not be in the era of Internetβ and the place and role of library in the period of socio-cultural transformations. There are described publicistic and scientific works of library scientists devoted to the modern library. Their position is compared with the interpretation of library as a social institution in the abstracts of dissertation theses defended in the Russian Federation in the period of 2000β2013 in three branches of knowledge β βPhilosophical Sciencesβ, βCultural Scienceβ, and βSociological Sciencesβ. On the basis of their analysis, there are revealed four entities of library as a social institution: βLibrary as a cultural phenomenonβ, βLibrary as a heart of significant social and cultural informationβ, βLibrary as a foundation for the development of science and advanced ideasβ, and βLibrary as a stabilizing social factorβ. The author substantiates the need for evidence-based library science as a special approach to library practice, where the management decisions at any level (government, regional, municipal) shall be made on the basis of available evidence, based on the interests of readers (users) and society as a whole, taking into account possible social risks and requirements of social safety. Philosophers, culturologists and sociologists give special attention to the characteristics of the advantages that libraries possess in comparison with the Internet. Library provides selection, systematization and cataloguing of significant social and cultural information; represents knowledge in a documentary and observable form; does not impose on the user the patterns of mass culture and behavioral templates, and encourages readers to spiritual growth by reading and addressing to valuable and relevant cultural information.ΠΠ°ΠΆΠ½Π΅ΠΉΡΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ, ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ²ΡΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΎΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΡΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ, ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ Π³Π»ΠΎΠ±Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ, ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΉ, ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ² ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ. Π ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡ Π²ΡΠ΅Ρ
ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΠΎΠ², Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ°Ρ Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΡ. ΠΠ±ΡΡΠΆΠ΄Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ° Β«Π±ΡΡΡ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π½Π΅ Π±ΡΡΡ Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ΅ Π² ΡΠΏΠΎΡ
Ρ ΠΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠ°Β», ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ²Ρ Π΅Π΅ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΎ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ»Ρ Π² ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ΄ ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΎΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΉ. Π₯Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ·ΡΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠ±Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ Π½Π°ΡΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ², ΠΏΠΎΡΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ΅. ΠΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Ρ ΡΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΠ° Π² Π°Π²ΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠ°Ρ
Π΄ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΉ, Π·Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π² Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π€Π΅Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Ρ 2000 ΠΏΠΎ 2013 Π³. ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠ»ΡΠΌ Π·Π½Π°Π½ΠΈΡ: Β«Π€ΠΈΠ»ΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π°ΡΠΊΠΈΒ», Β«ΠΡΠ»ΡΡΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΒ», Β«Π‘ΠΎΡΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π°ΡΠΊΠΈΒ». ΠΠ° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ ΠΈΡ
Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° ΡΠ°ΡΠΊΡΡΠ²Π°ΡΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡΠ΅ ΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΠ°: Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ° ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½ ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΡΡΡ, Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ° ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈ ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ, Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ° ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡΡΠ½Π΄Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ Π½Π°ΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΠΉ, Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ° ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡΡΠ°Π±ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΡΡΡΠΈΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡ. ΠΠ±ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ²Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π±Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π² Π΄ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ ΠΊ Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΠ΅, ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π½Π° Π»ΡΠ±ΠΎΠΌ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ (Π³ΠΎΡΡΠ΄Π°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ, ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ, ΠΌΡΠ½ΠΈΡΠΈΠΏΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ) ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡΡΡΡ Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΡ Π΄ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΠ², ΠΈΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΈΠ· ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ (ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ) ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π° Π² ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠΌ, Ρ ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΌ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΈΡΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΡΡΠ΅Π±ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π±Π΅Π·ΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ. ΠΡΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ΅ Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΈΠ»ΠΎΡΠΎΡΡ, ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈ ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΡΡ Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ΅ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠ², ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°Π΄Π°Π΅Ρ Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ° ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Ρ ΠΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠΎΠΌ. ΠΠ½Π° ΠΎΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΎΡΠ±ΠΎΡ, ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈ ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ; ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΠ΅Ρ Π·Π½Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π² Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ·ΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ΅; Π½Π΅ Π½Π°Π²ΡΠ·ΡΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Ρ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΡΡ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΡΡΡ ΠΈ ΡΠ°Π±Π»ΠΎΠ½Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ, ΠΏΠΎΠ±ΡΠΆΠ΄Π°Π΅Ρ ΡΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΊ Π²Π½ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½Π΅ΠΌΡ Π΄ΡΡ
ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΌΡ ΡΠΎΡΡΡ Π·Π° ΡΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΉ Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊ Π² ΡΠΏΠΎΡ Ρ ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΎΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΡΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΉ: ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΈΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ° Π²ΡΠ±ΠΎΡΠ° ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²
Β In library science, the problem of classification of functions of library as social institution is debatable. Library scientists most often consider the following social functions: informational, educational, hedonistic, ideological, cultural and enlightening, compensatory, scientific-industrial,Β learning, pedagogical, cognitive, teaching, recreational, training, socio-cultural, etc.Β In the context of global crises, including financial crunch, the library has to defend its primordial intrinsic functions, realizing its mission even in the conditions of discrepancy of the current state cultural policy and interests of society. The authors compare the approaches to allocation of library functions in the studies of library scientists and philosophers, culturologists, sociologists. Unlike the library researchers, they allocate human-creative, cultural-creative, cognitive, configurative, socializing function of βthe third placeβ.Β The novelty of the approach of philosophers, culturologists, sociologists to the allocation of intrinsic functions of libraries is evident in the conceptualization of library as cultural phenomenon with syncretism of material and spiritual values, realizing that library activity cannot be reduced to the solution of utilitarian, instantaneous tasks; understanding of library as an active participant (or actor β in terms of sociology) of the knowledge management process in the information society; comprehension of library as public place providing socialization of personality. The types of social risks caused by transformation of library functions in the era of sociocultural transformations are allocated. The paper emphasizes that among the dangerous landmarks in the activity of libraries, there is, firstly, pragmatic approach β commercialization of activities and earning money in the market conditions of libraries; and secondly, technocratization of activities β transformation of libraries into the technical centers for delivery of documents, whose activities are exclusively technological.ΠΒ Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ° ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΉ Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΠ° ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π΄ΠΈΡΠΊΡΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ.Β Π ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π² Π΅Π΅ ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΉ Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Ρ Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅:Β ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ, Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ, Π³Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΡΡ, ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΡΡ, ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎ-ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠΊΡΡ, ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ, Π½Π°ΡΡΠ½ΠΎ-ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ, ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ,Β ΠΏΠ΅Π΄Π°Π³ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΡΡ, ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Π²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ, ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠΊΡΡ, ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ΅Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ, ΡΡΠ΅Π±Π½ΡΡ, ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΎΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΡΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΈ Π΄Ρ. Π ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ
Β Π³Π»ΠΎΠ±Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΊΡΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ², Π² ΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΈΡΠ»Π΅ ΡΠΈΠ½Π°Π½ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ° Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Π° ΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΡΠ²ΠΎΡ ΠΌΠΈΡΡΠΈΡ, ΠΎΡΡΡΠ°ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡΒ Π²ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΡΠΊΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΉ Π΄Π°ΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΈ Π½Π΅ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΏΠ°Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ Π³ΠΎΡΡΠ΄Π°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉΒ ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π°. Π‘ΡΠ°Π²Π½ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΊ Π²ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΉΒ Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΈ Π² ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡΡ
Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΡΠΈΠ»ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ², ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ², ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ². Π ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅Β ΠΎΡ Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ Π²ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡΠ²ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΡΡ, ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΡΡΠΎΡΠ²ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΡΡ, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π½ΠΈΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ, ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠΈΠ³ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ, ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΡΡΡΡΡ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΡ Β«ΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ°Β». ΠΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ·Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΡΠΈΠ»ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ², ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ², ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ² ΠΊ Π²ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
Β ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΉ Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π² ΠΎΡΠΌΡΡΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π° ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΡΡΡ, ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°Π΄Π°ΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎΒ ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΌ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ Π΄ΡΡ
ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΡΡΠΈΡ
, ΠΎΡΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π½Π΅ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π΄Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΈΒ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ ΠΊ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΡΡ
, Β«ΡΠΈΡΠΌΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
Β» Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ; ΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΒ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ° (Π² ΡΠ΅ΡΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°Ρ
ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ β Π°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠ°) ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ° ΡΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π·Π½Π°Π½ΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ Π²Β ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅; ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ°, ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡ Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ.Β ΠΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΡΡΡΡ Π²ΠΈΠ΄Ρ ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΈΡΠΊΠΎΠ², Π²ΡΠ·Π²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΉ Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊ Π² ΡΠΏΠΎΡ
ΡΒ ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΎΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ. ΠΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΊ ΡΠΈΡΠ»Ρ ΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ² Π² Π΄Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΒ Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡΡΡ, Π²ΠΎ-ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΡΡ
, ΠΏΡΠ°Π³ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ β ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡ Π΄Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈ Π·Π°ΡΠ°Π±Π°ΡΡΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅Β Π΄Π΅Π½Π΅Π³ Π² ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ
ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΈ; Π²ΠΎ-Π²ΡΠΎΡΡΡ
, ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡ Π΄Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ βΒ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π²ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊ Π² ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΊΠ΅ Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ², Π΄Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡ
Β Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΡ ΠΈΡΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅Ρ
Required Skills for Teachers: Information Literacy at the Top
European Conference on Information Literacy (ECIL) 2017: Information Literacy in the Workplace, held in Saint Malo, France, 18-21 SeptemberThis study seeks to contribute to a reflection on teachersβ training and professional development in the field of information literacy, in Portugal. Aspects regarding teacher training and their role as spreaders of knowledge and multipliers of good practices are problematized. UNESCOβs curriculum for teachers and ACRL guidelines are used methodologically as the central thread of this interpretation. From here we seek to explain how a higher education institution β an Institute of Education -, which is devoted to the professional development of educators, including teachers, has engaged in information literacy actions through training interventions, in recent years. The study concludes that through sharing and dialogue within the librarian profession, but also within the sphere of education professionals - teachers and trainers - the best training practices in university libraries can be consolidated. Finally, certain points for reflection and debate concerning this theme are proposed.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Π Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π²ΡΡ Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ Π³ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Π°Π½ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊ ΡΠΏΠΎΡ ΠΈ ΠΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠ°
The possibility of enriching up-to-date libraries educational functions through the organization of citizens information training. The concept of personal information culture development is con-sidered. An algorithm for adapting the training programme of the course βBasics of Personal Information Cultureβ to library specificity is proposed. The potential for adaptation as an interdisciplinary research area, ensuring adoption of innovative technologies in the work of libraries is revealed.ΠΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Π° Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ³Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΈ Π·Π° ΡΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ Π³ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Π°Π½. Π Π°ΡΡΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΡΡΡ Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ. ΠΡΠ΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ Π°Π»Π³ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΌ Π°Π΄Π°ΠΏΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΡΠ΅Π±Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΌΡ ΠΊΡΡΡΠ° Β«ΠΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Ρ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΡΡΡ Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΒ» ΠΊ ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΠΌ Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΈ. Π Π°ΡΠΊΡΡΠ²Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ°Π» Π°Π΄Π°ΠΏΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π½Π°ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ, ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ Π²Π½Π΅Π΄ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΉ Π² ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊ
ΠΡΠ°Π΅Π²Π΅Π΄ΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊ ΡΡΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π€Π΅Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ° ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ
The government requirements toward digital content acquisition and use in libraries have been changing. The standards and regulations comprising the indicators of library activities in the digital environment are characterized. The findings of the study of the official websites of the central libraries of 85 subjects of the Russian Federation (22 republics, 46 regions, 9 territories, 4 autonomous districts, 1 autonomous region, and three cities of federal status), are cited. The goals of the study were: to examine the structure of local history digital content on the websites of central libraries of the RF subjects; to identify typical errors in acquiring the local history digital content that actually breaks down the barriers for remote users. The Russian librariesβ experience in generating local lore electronic information resources available to remote users, is discussed. The most popular types of electronic information resources are analyzed. The lack of unified terminology for digital content and the polysemy of the type names are emphasized. The presentation of local history digital content in the headings of websites of the RF central libraries of various federal status, is considered. Prospects for research of local history digital content optimization on the websites of RF central libraries are outlined.ΠΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΡΠΊΠ½ΡΡΠΎ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠ΅Π±ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π³ΠΎΡΡΠ΄Π°ΡΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΊ Π΄Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°. ΠΡ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ Π½ΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠ΅ Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡ, ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈ Π΄Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊ Π² ΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅. ΠΡΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ°ΠΉΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊ 85 ΡΡΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² Π Π€: 22 ΡΠ΅ΡΠΏΡΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊ, 46 ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ, 9 ΠΊΡΠ°Π΅Π², 4 Π°Π²ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΎΠΊΡΡΠ³ΠΎΠ², 1 Π°Π²ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈ, 3 Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΠ°Π΄Π°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΈ: Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ° ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π° ΠΈ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΡ ΠΊΡΠ°Π΅Π²Π΅Π΄ΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ° Π½Π° ΡΠ°ΠΉΡΠ°Ρ
ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊ ΡΡΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π€Π΅Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ; Π²ΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΈΠΏΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΎΡΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠΊ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΡΠ°Π΅Π²Π΅Π΄ΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°, ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°ΡΡΠΈΡ
Π±Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΡ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠ΄Π°Π»ΡΠ½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ. ΠΡ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΡΠ°Π΅Π²Π΅Π΄ΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡΡΠΎΠ², Π΄ΠΎΡΡΡΠΏΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΄Π°Π»ΡΠ½Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠΌ. ΠΡΠΎΠ°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ Π²ΠΈΠ΄Ρ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡΡΠΎΠ², ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΈ ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ Π²ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΡΡ ΡΠ΄Π°Π»ΡΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΌΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Ρ. ΠΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΎΡΡΡΡΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ½ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ Π² ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°, ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π½Π°Π·Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡΡΠΎΠ². Π Π°ΡΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ° ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΡΠ°Π΅Π²Π΅Π΄ΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ° Π² ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π΅ ΡΡΠ±ΡΠΈΠΊ ΡΠ°ΠΉΡΠΎΠ² Π¦Π ΡΡΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² Π Π€ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ°. ΠΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Ρ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΡΠ°Π΅Π²Π΅Π΄ΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ° Π² ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π΅ ΡΠ°ΠΉΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊ ΡΡΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² Π Π€
ΠΠ»Π°ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΈ Π±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ»Π°ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠ»ΡΠ³ΠΈ Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊ ΡΡΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π€Π΅Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π² ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΠΎΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΠ°Π΅ΠΌΡΡ Π±Π»Π°Π³
The purpose of the article is to analyze the ratio of charged and free services provided by central libraries of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation (i. e. republican, territorial and regional libraries). The problem of library charged user services is examined through the optics of professional library community and the government. The authors attempt to expand theoretical foundations of library services with the new ideas of national economists focusing on the humanitarian sector and, in particular, those developing the theory of patronized goods. The theoretical analysis is complemented with the large-scale empirical study of services presented at the official websites of 77 central libraries in the RF constituent entities. The findings demonstrate that the charged services dominate while the share of free services has drastically decreased. The charged services in these libraries exceed the free ones by a factor 8.4. The authors conclude that massive and mechanistic implementation of charged services is a dangerous challenge for the libraries as it exposes them to a risk of abandoning the principle of common availability of libraries and, in long run, of users exodus.Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈ β Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠ»Π°ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΈ Π±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ»Π°ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ»ΡΠ³, ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΡ
ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΡΡΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² Π Π€ (ΡΠ΅ΡΠΏΡΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ°Π½ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ, ΠΊΡΠ°Π΅Π²ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ). ΠΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ° ΠΏΠ»Π°ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ»ΡΠ³ Π² Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ°Ρ
ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Ρ ΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ Π·ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π°, ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΠΈΠΈ Π³ΠΎΡΡΠ΄Π°ΡΡΡΠ²Π°. ΠΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠ° ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡΡΠΊΠ° ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Ρ ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ»ΡΠ³ Π² Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ΅ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ², ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΡΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΡ Π½Π° ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π³ΡΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠ° ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠΊΠΈ, Π² ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π½Π° ΡΠ΅ΠΎΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΠ°Π΅ΠΌΡΡ
Π±Π»Π°Π³. Π’Π΅ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΠΏΡΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΉ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΡΠ°Π±Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΌΠΏΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ»ΡΠ³, ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Π° Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ°ΠΉΡΠ°Ρ
77 ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊ ΡΡΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² Π Π€. ΠΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠ»Π°ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ»ΡΠ³ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π·ΠΊΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΈ Π±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ»Π°ΡΠ½ΡΡ
. Π£ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ ΠΏΠ»Π°ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ»ΡΠ³ Π² ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ°Ρ
ΡΡΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² Π Π€ Π² ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π½Π΅ΠΌ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π²ΡΡΠ°Π΅Ρ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠΌ Π±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ»Π°ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ»ΡΠ³ Π² 8,4 ΡΠ°Π·Π°. ΠΠ΅Π»Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π²ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΄, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ
Π°Π½ΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ΅ Π²Π½Π΅Π΄ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠ»Π°ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ»ΡΠ³ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΈΠΌ ΠΈΠ· ΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π²ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ² Π΄Π»Ρ Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΉ Π³ΡΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡ ΠΎΡΠΊΠ°Π·ΠΎΠΌ ΠΎΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΈΠΏΠ° ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΡΡΡΠΏΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊ ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΈ ΠΊ ΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΎΡ Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΈ
ΠΡΡΠΏΠΏΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠ° ΠΈ ΡΡΠ±ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠ»ΡΠ³ Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊ Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠ°ΠΉΡΠ°Ρ ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊ ΡΡΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π€Π΅Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ: Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΡΠ°Π½Π΄Π°ΡΡΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄ΠΈΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ
In the context of evolving digital environment, the authors point out the urgency of developing the library services classification, friendly to the users whose needs are satisfied primarily via the library websites.The findings of the study conducted in 2021β2022 on positioning of the services of the central libraries of 77 subjects of the Russian Federation on their official websites are discussed. The evidence is provided that information about services is often scattered across different website headings and subheadings, and there are no hyperlinks between them. The biased nature of structuring classifications of services, that are not comparable one with another and often confusing, is also emphasized.The barriers that prevent the prompt search for information about library services on official websites are specified: i. e. the absence of βServicesβ heading linking users to the entire range of library services, scattered information about services under different headings with no hyperlinks, lacking rubricated lists of services and price lists, irrelevant prices, etc.The authors suggest that one of the most promising areas of theoretical research is the development of linguistic tools that enable structuring and ordering of information about services, in particular, building rubricators of charged and free services, designing βaspect gridsβ to allow formalization and uniformness of characteristics of the most important headings on the official websites; and building unified lists of normalized lexical units for wording of headings on the library websites.The need for unified approaches to presenting the results of the activities of the central libraries of the subjects of the Russian Federation in providing services to users (in particular, remote ones) on official websites is substantiated.The authors argue that it is the standardized diversification that will allow the services to be adequately positioned on the official websites of libraries. This will enable to provide full representation of multiaspect library activities, to increase library competitiveness and to ensure the growth in the number of physical visits and online users.ΠΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π°ΠΊΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π² ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ
ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Ρ ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΡΠ»ΡΠ³ Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊ, ΠΏΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠ΄Π°Π»ΡΠ½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ, ΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π±Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΈΠΌΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ°ΠΉΡΠΎΠ².ΠΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄ΡΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π² 2021β2022 Π³Π³. ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ»ΡΠ³ ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊ (Π¦Π) 77 ΡΡΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π€Π΅Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ (Π Π€) Π½Π° ΠΈΡ
ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ°ΠΉΡΠ°Ρ
.ΠΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ ΡΡΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ·ΠΌ Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊ Π² ΠΏΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΡ
Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ°ΠΉΡΠ΅ ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΉ ΡΡΠ»ΡΠ³, Π½Π΅ ΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠΌΡΡ
ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρ ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ Π·Π°ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ ΡΡΠ°Π²ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Ρ Π² ΡΡΠΏΠΈΠΊ.ΠΠ°Π·Π²Π°Π½Ρ Π±Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΡ, ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΡΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΌΡ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΡΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΎΠ± ΡΡΠ»ΡΠ³Π°Ρ
Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊ Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ°ΠΉΡΠ°Ρ
: ΠΎΡΡΡΡΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠ±ΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ Β«Π£ΡΠ»ΡΠ³ΠΈΒ», Π°Π΄ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΊΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡ ΡΡΠ»ΡΠ³ Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΈ, ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΎΠ± ΡΡΠ»ΡΠ³Π°Ρ
ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΡΠΌ ΡΡΠ±ΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌ Π±Π΅Π· ΡΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΡ
Π³ΠΈΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΡΡΠ»ΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ, ΠΎΡΡΡΡΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠ±ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ½Π΅ΠΉ ΡΡΠ»ΡΠ³ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΉΡΠΊΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΎΠ², Π½Π΅ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π² ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΉΡΠΊΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ°Ρ
ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΡ Π΄Π΅Π».ΠΡΡΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΈΠΌ ΠΈΠ· Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠΌΡΡ
ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠ° Π»ΠΈΠ½Π³Π²ΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ², ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΄ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΎΠ± ΡΡΠ»ΡΠ³Π°Ρ
, Π² ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠ±ΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠ»Π°ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΈ Π±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ»Π°ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ»ΡΠ³, ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Β«Π°ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΊΒ», ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΠΈ ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°ΡΡ Π΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊΡ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½Π΅ΠΉΡΠΈΡ
ΡΡΠ±ΡΠΈΠΊ Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ°ΠΉΡΠ°Ρ
Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊ; ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ½ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ½Π΅ΠΉ Π½ΠΎΡΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ ΡΡΠ±ΡΠΈΠΊ Π½Π° Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ°ΠΉΡΠ°Ρ
.ΠΠ±ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π° Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΈΡΠΊΠ° Π΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΊ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² Π΄Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π¦Π ΡΡΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² Π Π€ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ»ΡΠ³ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠΌ (Π² ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ, ΡΠ΄Π°Π»ΡΠ½Π½ΡΠΌ) Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ°ΠΉΡΠ°Ρ
.Π£ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠΆΠ΄Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π½Π΄Π°ΡΡΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Π°Ρ Π΄ΠΈΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ Π°Π΄Π΅ΠΊΠ²Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΡΡΠ»ΡΠ³ΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ°ΠΉΡΠ°Ρ
Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊ. ΠΡΠΎ Π΄Π°ΡΡ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π² ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΡΠΊΡΡΡΡ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°Π½Π½ΡΡ Π΄Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΈ Π² ΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅, ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠΈΡΡ Π΅Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΎΡΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ, ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈ ΡΠ΄Π°Π»ΡΠ½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ
ΠΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠ»ΡΠ³ Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠ°ΠΉΡΠ°Ρ ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊ ΡΡΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π€Π΅Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ
Positioning of the librariesβ services on their official websites is seen as an important way to increase their competitiveness and ensure the growth of the number of readers and remote users.The results of the study conducted in 2021β2022 on the positioning of the services of the central libraries of 77 subjects of the Russian Federation on their official websites are presented.The contradiction is revealed between the diversification of services provided by the central libraries of the subjects of the Russian Federation and the difficulty of finding complete and accurate information about services provided to remote users, and the difficulty of finding specific services on the official websites of libraries.The authors provide evidences that information about services on library websites is often scattered across different headings and subheadings, with no hyperlinks. The duplication of services accessed via banners has a disorienting effect on users, too.The authors conclude that there is currently no logically predictable and well-structured information about library services on the official websites of the central libraries of the RF constituent subjects. Consequently, the librariesβ huge efforts of services diversifying are not reflected on their official websites, and remote users are not aware of the wide range of services provided by modern libraries.The authors emphasize that success of library service positioning is determined not only by the presence of the heading βServicesβ on the website main page, but also by intelligent reflection of the whole range of services provided to the library users both in traditional and electronic forms.ΠΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠ»ΡΠ³ Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ°ΠΉΡΠ°Ρ
Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½ΡΠΉ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ± ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ° ΡΠΈΡΠ»Π° ΡΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΈ ΡΠ΄Π°Π»ΡΠ½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ.ΠΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄ΡΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π² 2021β2022 Π³Π³. ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ»ΡΠ³ ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊ (Π¦Π) 77 ΡΡΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π€Π΅Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ (Π Π€) Π½Π° ΠΈΡ
ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ°ΠΉΡΠ°Ρ
. ΠΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρ Π΄ΠΈΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΡΠ»ΡΠ³, ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΡΡ
Π¦Π ΡΡΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² Π Π€, ΠΈ ΡΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ ΠΎΠ±Π½Π°ΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΠ± ΡΡΠ»ΡΠ³Π°Ρ
ΡΠ΄Π°Π»ΡΠ½Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠΌ, ΡΡΡΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΡΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ»ΡΠ³ Π½Π° ΡΠ°ΠΉΡΠ°Ρ
Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊ.ΠΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΎΠ± ΡΡΠ»ΡΠ³Π°Ρ
Π·Π°ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½Π° ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΡΠΌ ΡΡΠ±ΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ±ΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌ, Π° Π³ΠΈΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΡΡΠ»ΠΊΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρ Π½ΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΎΡΡΡΡΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡ. ΠΠ΅Π·ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ Π΄ΡΠ±Π»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠ΄Π° ΡΡΠ»ΡΠ³ Π±Π°Π½Π½Π΅ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ. ΠΠ΅Π»Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π²ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΄, ΡΡΠΎ Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³Π½ΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ ΡΡΡΠΊΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΠ± ΡΡΠ»ΡΠ³Π°Ρ
Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊ Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ°ΠΉΡΠ°Ρ
Π¦Π ΡΡΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² Π Π€ Π² Π½Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π΅ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ Π½Π΅Ρ. Π‘Π»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ, ΠΎΠ³ΡΠΎΠΌΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡ Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊ, Π·Π°ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΡΠ΅ Π½Π° Π΄ΠΈΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ»ΡΠ³, Π½Π΅ ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠ°ΡΡΡΡ Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ°ΠΉΡΠ°Ρ
, Π° ΡΠ΄Π°Π»ΡΠ½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈ Π½Π΅ Π·Π½Π°ΡΡ ΠΎ Π±ΠΎΠ³Π°ΡΠΎΠΌ Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠ»ΡΠ³ ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΈ.ΠΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΡΠΊΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ»ΡΠ³ Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π½Π΅ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π½Π° Π³Π»Π°Π²Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΠΉΡΠ° ΡΡΠ±ΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ Β«Π£ΡΠ»ΡΠ³ΠΈΒ», Π½ΠΎ ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π² Π΅Ρ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π΅ Π²ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ»ΡΠ³, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ° ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΈΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠΌ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π² ΡΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ, ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈ Π² ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ΅
ΠΠΈΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ»ΡΠ³ ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊ ΡΡΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π€Π΅Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π² ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ²ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠΊΠΈ
The study goal is to specify the nomenclature of services types as presented at the library official websites. The authors characterize the library services as the subject of multi-aspect analysis and evaluation. They emphasize that the concept βlibrary servicesβ and βservices by librariesβ are not identical. The service economy affects diversification of services provided by the libraries. The authors complement the publications theoretical analysis with the findings of the largescale empirical study of services represented at the official websites of 77 central libraries of the RF constituent units (republican, regional territorial universal scientific libraries). The scale of diversification is demonstrated. The authors argue that the libraries have to undertake some unusual activities and to provide services foreign to their nature and social mission. The findings of the study demonstrate that services production in the libraries corresponds to 30 different types of professional activities. Many services provided by the libraries call for other than library, information, or bibliographic competences. Therefore, services quality assessment is needed; certification and licensing of the libraries providing them may be needed. The authors conclude that diversification as manifested in services inappropriate to the libraries is forced by the transfer to the market economy, development of service economy, and the focus on service-oriented government.Β Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈ β ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΡΡ Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΡΡΠ»ΡΠ³, ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ°ΠΉΡΠ°Ρ
ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊ ΡΡΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π€Π΅Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ. Π£ΡΠ»ΡΠ³ΠΈ Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊ Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ·ΡΡΡΡΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ°ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° ΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ. ΠΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΡΠΊΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π½Π΅ΡΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΈΠΉ Β«ΡΡΠ»ΡΠ³ΠΈ Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΒ» ΠΈ Β«Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠ»ΡΠ³ΠΈΒ». Π Π°ΡΠΊΡΡΠ²Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ²ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π½Π° Π΄ΠΈΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ»ΡΠ³, ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΡΡ
Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ. Π’Π΅ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΠΏΡΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΉ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΡΠ°Π±Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΌΠΏΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ»ΡΠ³, ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ°ΠΉΡΠ°Ρ
77 ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊ ΡΡΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π€Π΅Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ. ΠΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΡΠ°Π±Ρ Π΄ΠΈΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΡΡΠ»ΡΠ³, ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΡΡ
ΡΠ΅ΡΠΏΡΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ°Π½ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ, ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΊΡΠ°Π΅Π²ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π½Π°ΡΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ. Π£ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΈ Π²ΡΠ½ΡΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½Ρ Π·Π°Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡΡΡΡ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ°Π½Π΅Π΅ Π½Π΅ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΈΠΌ Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ Π΄Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΡΡΠ»ΡΠ³ΠΈ, ΡΡΠΆΠ΄ΡΠ΅ ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌΡ Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π»ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ ΡΡΠ»ΡΠ³ Π² Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ°Ρ
ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠ°Π΅Ρ 30 ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΡΡ
Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ. ΠΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ· ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΡΡ
Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΡΡΠ»ΡΠ³ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π°Π³Π°ΡΡ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅, Π½Π΅ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΠΈ Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎ-ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΈ Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎ-Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠΈ. ΠΡΠΎ ΡΡΠ΅Π±ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π° ΡΡΠ»ΡΠ³, ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΡΡ
Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ, ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π²ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ° ΠΎ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈΡ
Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½Π·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ. ΠΠ΅Π»Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π²ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΄, ΡΡΠΎ Π΄ΠΈΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΡ, ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡΠ°ΡΡΡ Π² Π½Π΅ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π΄Π»Ρ Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊ ΡΡΠ»ΡΠ³Π°Ρ
, ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ Π²ΡΠ½ΡΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅Ρ, ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΠΊ ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠΊΠ΅, ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΡΡΠ»ΡΠ³, ΠΊΡΡΡΠΎΠΌ Π½Π° ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ²ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎ-ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π³ΠΎΡΡΠ΄Π°ΡΡΡΠ²Π°