Pelagic fisheries of India - Winter School on Impact of Climate Change on Indian Marine Fisheries held at CMFRI, Cochin 18.1.2008 to 7.2.2008

The pelagic fishes live most part of their life in the surface or subsurface waters. This group exhibits rich species diversity and abundance in the Indian EEZ. Though 240 species constitute the pelagic fisheries along the Indian coast, it is only about 60 species belonging to 8 groups support major fisheries (Table1). During the last decade, pelagic finfishes contributed to 46-56% (average: 51%) of the total marine fish production, of which almost 70% was fished from within the 50 m depth zon

Scombroid Fishery of the Indian Ocean - An Overview

In the Indian Ocean, scombroids comprising of tunas, billfishes, seerfishes and mackerels are an invaluable resource and their producer value is estimated to between 2 and 3 billion US dollars annually, besides the vast socio-economic benefits to the fishing nations. Of the three major groups of species, tunas account for the largest share of the total catch and also for the largest increase during the past 10 years. Seerfish catches attained record levels in 1998 while billfish catches have more than doubled since 1992 although the relative contribution of the group is still small. With the introduction of technologically advanced fishing fleets and techniques in the Indian Ocean, the intensity of exploitation of scombroids, especially tunas and billfishes have reached a new peak. An overview of the present status of scombroid fishery of the Indian Ocean is presented below

Field identification of scombroids from Indian seas

Scombroids are a diverse group of pelagic fishes ranging in size from about 30 cm to over 3 m in length. Most of them, especially the tunas and billfishes perform considerable and sometimes even transoceanic migrations. Being highly valued table fishes, they are of significant importance both as a commercial and recreational fisher

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Comparison of the growth of oil sardine Sardinella longiceps Val., off Vishakhapatnam and Malabar coasts

The growth of oil sardine, Sardinella longiceps off Visakhapatnam and Malabar coast was compared. Hydrological and productivity regimes are found to influence the growth pattern of oil sardine. Growth pattern of oil sardine exhibited seasonality, which was more pronounced along the Malabar coast than off Visakhapatnam

Fishery and biology of tunas in the Indian seas

Tunas and tuna-like fishes belong to 6 genera, viz., Thunnus, Katsuwonus, Euthynnus, Auxis (tribe Thunnini) and Sarda (bonitos) and Gymnosarda (tribe Sardini) of the family Scombridae. Tunas are among the largest, most specialized and commercially important of all fishes (Collette and Nauen, 1983). They are found in temperate and tropical oceans around the world and account for a major proportion of the world fishery products. Tunas are unique among fishes because they possess body temperature several degrees higher than the ambient waters and have high metabolic rates that enable them to exhibit extraordinary growth patterns. They have streamlined bodies and vary extensively in size, color and fin length. They are fast swimmers capable of traveling more than 48 km/h (Collette and Nauen, 1983), migratory and have few predators. They are the second most important item, next only to shrimps, in the world seafood trade and therefore form specifically targeted fisheries globally by nations such as France, Spain, Thailand, Taiwan, Korea, Japan and USA. In the Indian Ocean which contributes 19% of the world tuna catch, tuna fishing and fisheries have emerged as focal points to address issues of sustainable development and management of fishery resources, especially in the context of EEZ regulations, UNCLOS and other international conventions

An appraisal of marine capture fisheries management in India

Through technological advancements and increased adoptionofinnovative fishing methods, Indian marine fisheries has moved from a subsistence oriented traditional one to an industrial sector with annual fish production presently stabili zing at around 2.7 million t. The ever-increasing demand for seafood from export and domestic markets has resulted in intense competition for a maximum share ef the resource by the fishers and resulted in inter-sectoral conflicts spurred by diminished catch rales. This has led to a situation where, some kind of management of fisheries has become inevitable

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