DAGS: Key encapsulation using dyadic GS codes

Code-based Cryptography is one of the main areas of interest for the Post-Quantum Cryptography Standardization call. In this paper, we introduce DAGS, a Key Encapsulation Mechanism (KEM) based on Quasi-Dyadic Generalized Srivastava codes. The scheme is proved to be IND-CCA secure in both Random Oracle Model and Quantum Random Oracle Model. We believe that DAGS will offer competitive performance, especially when compared with other existing code-based schemes, and represent a valid candidate for post-quantum standardizatio

Impact of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy on Chronic Hepatitis B Serological Markers among Senegalese HIV Co-infected Children

International audienceBackground: Coinfection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV) causes complex interactions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the seroprevalence and HBV evolution among HIV coinfected children receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART).Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out among 252 HIV infected children enrolled in the Hôpital d'enfants Albert Royer, Dakar, Senegal, from April 2013 to March 2015. Clinical characteristics, immuno-virological status, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels, and HBV serological marker were taken from the patients' medical records.Results: Overall, 7 children were HBsAg positive with a determinate prevalence rate of 2.8%. Median age at HIV diagnosis was 3.5 years (1.3-14.4 years). According to World Health Organization (WHO) staging, 40.1% of children were stage 4 and 25.8% were stage 3. Of the 7 HIV/HBV-co-infected children, 6 (86%) received lamivudine alone at initiation of treatment, and only one child received tenofovir associated with emtricitabine. Overall median HAART duration treatment including lamivudine alone or tenofovir+lamivudine (or emtricitabine) was 7.7 years (3.3-11.3). Only the two children (29%) receiving lamivudine during follow-up had high HBV DNA load despite having good immuno-virological status. Suppression of HBV DNA replication was achieved in 5 (71.4%) of 7 children.Conclusion and Global Health Implication: HIV/HBV coinfection prevalence was low in our study. HBsAg and HBeAg loss were low while suppression of HBV DNA replication was still higher on tenofovir. Screening and monitoring HBV infection among all HIV infected children are required to direct treatment in order to improve children HBV/HIV coinfected outcome

DAGS: Key encapsulation using dyadic GS codes

Code-based Cryptography is one of the main areas of interest for the Post-Quantum Cryptography Standardization call. In this paper, we introduce DAGS, a Key Encapsulation Mechanism (KEM) based on Quasi-Dyadic Generalized Srivastava codes. The scheme is proved to be IND-CCA secure in both Random Oracle Model and Quantum Random Oracle Model. We believe that DAGS will offer competitive performance, especially when compared with other existing code-based schemes, and represent a valid candidate for post-quantum standardizatio

Femmes et droit dans les Afriques musulmanes

Dans les Afriques musulmanes, les réformes juridiques relatives à l’égalité des sexes confrontent les États à une problématique similaire : se conformer aux standards internationaux de non-discrimination tout en préservant les normes coutumières et religieuses. Ces processus révèlent combien les règles de droit ne sont pas neutres mais le fruit d’une lutte entre différents acteurs sociaux et politiques, dans laquelle les femmes prennent toute leur part. À la fois cibles et actrices des réformes, elles ont recours à des argumentaires et répertoires d’action tributaires de la diversité des architectures juridiques et politiques des pays concernés, de la place que la loi islamique y occupe, mais aussi des domaines du droit en jeu ou encore de l’ancrage historique des mobilisations de femmes. En considérant les processus de réforme à partir d’une triple perspective (mise à l’agenda, mobilisations, application), les textes de ce numéro s’attachent à analyser le degré d’influence des normes internationales, les spécificités des mobilisations juridiques des femmes dans ces pays à majorité musulmane, mais aussi le rôle que peut jouer — ou non — le droit dans la reconfiguration des rapports de genre. En contextualisant les appels contemporains à l’application de la charia comme ressource ou contrainte pour la réforme, les contributions analysent également la norme islamique en restituant son historicité et ses appropriations plurielles dans les Afriques musulmanes. In Muslim Africas, legal reforms regarding gender equality confront states with a similar challenge: complying with non-discrimination international standards while preserving customary and religious norms. Such processes reveal how legal rules are not neutral but arise from a struggle between different social and political actors, in which women play their full part. Both targets and actors of these reforms, they resort to arguments and “repertoires of action” that depend on the diversity of the legal and political architectures of the countries concerned, on the place Islamic law occupies therein, but they also differ according to the areas of law involved and the historical roots of women’s mobilizations in that country. By grasping the reform processes from a triple perspective (agenda setting, mobilizations, implementation), the contributions to this issue attempt to analyze the degree of influence of international standards, the specificities of women legal mobilizations in these predominantly Muslim countries, but also the role that law may—or may not—play in the reconfiguration of gender relations. By contextualizing contemporary calls for the application of the sharia as a resource or a constraint for reforms, the contributions also offer an analysis of the Islamic norm which restores its historicity and the plurality of its appropriations in Muslim Africas

Persons interviewed to assess logistics and programmatic issues with a CPAD system for pentavalent vaccine delivery.

<p>Persons interviewed to assess logistics and programmatic issues with a CPAD system for pentavalent vaccine delivery.</p

Categorization of interviewed caretakers by attitudes regarding national immunization program infant immunization in Senegal and Vietnam.

<p>Categorization of interviewed caretakers by attitudes regarding national immunization program infant immunization in Senegal and Vietnam.</p

Summary of advantages and challenges according to interviewees.

<p>Summary of advantages and challenges according to interviewees.</p

Instructions for the activation and use of the Uniject device.

<p>Instructions for the activation and use of the Uniject device.</p