Structured treatment interruption (STI) increases levels of Env specific antibodies.

<p>Mean flourescence intensity (MFI) of stained MOLT cells expressing trimeric Env (from isolates HIV-1_NL4.3 and HIV-1_BaL) or lacking Env expression (uninfected) is show for plasma samples obtained at the start (STI-w0) or after 12 weeks (STI-w12) into STI in the placebo (white, n = 10) or the vaccinated (grey, n = 15) group. P-values for Wilcoxon paired test comparing w0-STI values to w12-STI are shown on top of the figure.</p

HIV-1 DNA copy numbers in CD4 cells before vaccination predicts extent of viral reservoir replenishment and plasma viral loads after structured treatment interruption (STI).

<p>(A) HIV DNA copy numbers in PBMC-derived, purified CD4+ T cells at start of STI (STI-w0), and 2 (STI-w2) or 12 (STI-w12) weeks after start of STI in placebo (white) and vaccinated individuals (grey). Median copy number (with interquartile range) is shown in all conditions (p-values Wilcoxon paired test). (B) Correlation between HIV DNA copy number in purified CD4+ T cells before any vaccination and after 12 weeks into STI (n = 16). Spearman correlation coefficient and p-value are shown. Linear regression line with 95% confidence intervals is represented. (C) Correlation between HIV DNA copy numbers per 10⁶ CD4 T cells at 12 weeks into STI and plasma viral loads (log₁₀ copies/mL) 4 or 8 weeks after start of STI. Viral load at 4 weeks into STI (n = 16) is shown in white triangles and at 8 weeks (n = 12) in black triangles (r and p-value are shown for Spearman correlation). (D) Correlation between peak of viral load (log₁₀ copies/mL) uring STI and HIV DNA copies detected before vaccination. Spearman correlation coefficient and p-value are shown. Linear regression line with 95% confidence intervals is represented.</p

Regression model for "<i>time to rebound</i>”.

<p>Regression model for "<i>time to rebound</i>”.</p

No evidence of immune selection pressure in rebounding virus after therapeutic MVA-B vaccination.

<p>(A) Pairwise distances to the reference sequence HXB2 is shown for samples obtained before ART initiation and after 2–12 weeks of treatment interruption. P-value for Mann Whitney test between defined groups (placebo and vaccinated) is shown. (B) The number of HLA-associated polymorphisms in Gag is shown for sequences obtained before cART (n = 3 placebo, n = 12 vaccines) and during viral rebound after STI (n = 7 placebo, n = 19 vaccines). P-value is shown for Wilcoxon paired test when comparing between pre-cART and STI data and p-value for Mann Whitney test is shown to compare groups.</p

Increased cellular immune responses to HIV after treatment interruption.

<p>Magnitude (A) and breadth (B) of T cell responses to the entire HIV-1 proteome at start (STI-w0) and after w12 (STI-w12) of structured treatment in interruption (STI) is shown for placebo recipients (white) and the vaccinated group (grey). Median and interquartile range and p-values (Wilcoxon paired test) are shown. In (C), responses are divided into responses to regions of HIV that are covered (IN) or are not covered (OUT) by the MVA-B vaccine immunogen sequence.</p

Univariate and multivariate regression model for "<i>peak of viral load at rebound</i>”.

<p>Univariate and multivariate regression model for "<i>peak of viral load at rebound</i>”.</p