38 research outputs found

    A hasüregi gyulladásos megbetegedések és ezek sebészeti szövődményeként jelentkező motilitási zavarok, transluminaris gyulladások, peritonealis adhesiók megelőzésének lehetőségei = Inflammatory diseases of the abdominal cavity and prevention of their surgical complications, such as motility disorders, transluminar inflammations, and peritoneal adhesions

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    A bél beidegzésének vizsgálata a bél komplex működésében kulcsszerepet játszik. A nitrikus és cholinerg beidegzés valamint a neuronális pacemaker funkcióval bíró Cajal sejtek morphológiai változásai meghatározzák a bél pathologiáját is. Diabetesben, enterocolitisben, cytostatikus kezelésben az enteropathia mértkével szorosan korreláló elváltozásokat találtunk, amely a bél működésének romlására ad magyarázatot. A peritoneális összenövések kivédésében az arteficiális surfactanttel láttunk biztató eredményeket, amely alapja lehet egy posztoperativ összenövéseket csökkentő és minden műtéten átesett betegnél alkalmazható szer kifejlesztésében. A bél epithelialis sejtvonal in vitro tenyésztésével nyert modell segítségével eredményesen tanulmányoztuk a sejtmembránok viselkedését, az egyes anyagok transzportját, baktérium transzlokációkat betegségek során fellépő toxikus állapotokban. | Investigation of complex enteric nervous system plays a key role to better understand bowel pathology. Morphological changes in nitrergic, cholinerg and Cajal cells with pacemaker activity may responsible for the pathophysiology. During our investigations we found correlation between morphological changes and loss of bowel function in diabetes, enterocolitis and cytostatic treatment. Prevention of peritoneal adhesions was very promising using arteficial surfactant. A postoperative adhesions blocking drug could be developed based on our results. On our model using intestinal epithelial cell lines we could examine changes in cell membrane functions and molecular transport, bacterial translocation during toxical conditions related to human diseases

    Neurodegeneratív betegségek kialakulása során létrejövő vér-agy gát változások vizsgálata in vivo és in vitro kísérletes modelleken = Impairment of the blood-brain barrier associated with neurodegenerative diseases: study on in vivo and in vitro models

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    Kutatásunk során igazoltuk primer agyi endotélsejt és asztroglia ko-kultúrán alapuló vér-agy gát modellünkön, hogy a prion fehérjének és az amyloid -beta peptideknek fibrillumokat képző szakaszai közvetlen endotélsejt károsító hatást fejtenek ki. A peptidek hatására megváltozott a sejtmorfológia, citoplazmatikus vakuolizáció jött létre. Az amyloid peptid kezelés az agyi endotélsejtek egy részének pusztulását eredményezte, ebben nekrotikus és apoptotikus folyamatok is részt vettek. Ezzel párhuzamosan az endotélsejtek barrier funkciója romlott, amely mögött az endotélsejteket összekötő szoros zárókapcsolatokra (TJ) kifejtett károsító hatás állt. A HIV-1 vírus Tat fehérjéje hasonlóképpen gyengítette az agyi endotélsejtek TJ struktúráit: a TJ fehérjék mennyiségét csökkentette, eloszlását megváltoztatta. A Tat vírusfehérjének ez a hatása szerepet játszhat a neuroAIDS során létrejövő vér-agy gát károsodásban, és az ezzel szorosan összefüggő dementia kialakulásában. Kimutattuk, hogy amyloid peptidek csökkentik a vér-agy gát fontos efflux pumpáinak, a P-glikoproteinnek és az MRP-1-nek aktivitását is. Eredményeink alapján a vér-agy gát barrier és homeosztatikus működése is zavart szenvedhet neurodegeneratív betegségekben. Pentozán enyhítette az amyloid peptid kezelések okozta elváltozásokat. Az endotélsejtekre kifejtett protektív hatás a gyógyszer új klinikai alkalmazását jelentheti, és hozzájárulhat a neurodegeneratív kórfolyamatokban kialakuló vér-agy gát károsodás kivédéséhez. | During the investigations we could demonstrate on our in vitro blood-brain barrier (BBB) model, based on primary brain endothelial cell and astroglia co-culture, that fibrillogenic fragments of prion protein and amyloid -beta peptides exerted direct toxicity on endothelial cells. Peptide treatments resulted in changes of cell morphology, cytoplasmic vacuolizations. Treatments with amyloid peptides led to endothelial cell death, partly necrotic, partly apoptotic. At the same time paracellular barrier integrity of endothelial cells was deteriorated due to damaged interendothelial tight junctions (TJ). HIV-1 Tat protein weakened the brain endothelial TJ in the same way: the expression and intracellular localization of TJ proteins was disturbed. This effect of Tat viral protein can play a role in BBB dysfunction and dementia in neuroAIDS. Amyloid peptides decreased the activity of two important efflux pumps of the BBB, P-glycoprotein and MRP-1 in brain endothelial cells. Our results indicate that in neurodegenerative diseases both barrier integrity and homeostatic functions of the BBB can be damaged. Pentosan polysulphate, attenuated the brain endothelial dysfunctions caused by amyloid peptide treatments. A new clinical application of the drug may be developed based on this protective effect. Pentosan can be a potential drug candidate for the treatment of BBB dysfunctions in neurodegenerative diseases

    Vastagságértékek összehasonlítása kilenc macularis mezőben time-domain és spectral-domain optikai koherencia tomográfiával

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    Célkitűzés: Retinavastagság-értékek összehasonlítása spectral-domain (Cirrus HD-OCT) és time-domain (Stratus OCT) optikai koherencia tomográfiás készülékkel. Módszer: Retinavastagság-mérések történtek a kilenc ETDRS macularis almezőben 20 egészséges személy azonos oldali szemén mindkét készülékkel. A Cirrus HD-OCT esetében a Macular Cube 512×128 és a Macular Cube 200×200 protokollt, a Stratus OCT készülékkel a Fast Macular Thickness Map protokollt használtuk. Vizsgáltuk mindhárom mérési sorozat reprodukálhatóságát, és a mérések átlagértékeit minden almezőben összehasonlítottuk egymással. Eredmények: A Stratus OCT-vel végzett mérési eredmények minden almezőben szignifikánsan alacsonyabbak voltak, mint a Cirrus esetében (p Következtetések: A Cirrus HD-OCT használatával lényegesen jobb reprodukálhatóságot figyeltünk meg, mint a Stratus OCT esetében. A Cirrus HD-OCT használatával a mérési értékek szignifikánsan magasabbak minden almezőben, mint a Stratus OCT esetében. Különböző OCT-készülékek használatával jelentősen különböző mérési eredményekhez juthatunk, ezért az adatok összehasonlításakor óvatosság szükséges. Orv. Hetil., 154 (52), 2059–2064

    Changes in the contents of hen eggs due to polyphenol-rich supplementation

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    The suspension of Bábolna Tetra-SL hen hybrids - the food concentrate Flaviva Vasgyúró instant drink powder, which is available on the market and is rich in flavonoids, polyphenols and minerals, is mixed into the basic feed. One group of test animals received 200 mg per day and another group received 400 mg of instant vegetable and fruit powder per day mixed in their basic maize feed for 33 days, while the control group received only the basic food containing maize. In our studies, we measured the cholesterol content and total polyphenol content of the eggs in addition to the physical parameters (weight, length, diameter, color). Our results show that in addition to favorable changes in the physical properties of eggs, the polyphenol content of eggs increased significantly, thus correlating with a significant decrease in the content of cholesterol, which may be of importance from a nutritional point of view in many groups of diseases

    Distinct Uptake Routes Participate in Silver Nanoparticle Engulfment by Earthworm and Human Immune Cells

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    The consequences of engineered silver nanoparticle (AgNP) exposure and cellular interaction with the immune system are poorly understood. The immunocytes of the Eisenia andrei earthworm are frequently applied in ecotoxicological studies and possess functional similarity to vertebrate macrophages. Hence, we characterized and compared the endocytosis mechanisms for the uptake of 75 nm AgNPs by earthworm coelomocytes, human THP-1 monocytes, and differentiated THP-1 (macrophage-like) cells. Our results indicate that microtubule-dependent, scavenger–receptor, and PI3K signaling-mediated macropinocytosis are utilized during AgNP engulfment by human THP-1 and differentiated THP-1 cells. However, earthworm coelomocytes employ actin-dependent phagocytosis during AgNPs uptake. In both human and earthworm immunocytes, AgNPs were located in the cytoplasm, within the endo-/lysosomes. We detected that the internalization of AgNPs is TLR/MyD88-dependent, also involving the bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein (BPI) in the case of human immunocytes. The exposure led to decreased mitochondrial respiration in human immunocytes; however, in coelomocytes, it enhanced respiratory parameters. Our findings provide more data about NP trafficking as nano-carriers in the nanomedicine field, as well as contribute to an understanding of the ecotoxicological consequences of nanoparticle exposure

    Association between smoking behaviour and genetic variants of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor

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    Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) promotes development and differentiation of dopaminergic neurons, thus it has an important role in dopamine-related neuropsychiatric disorders. Since the role of dopamine system in smoking is well established, we hypothesized that GDNF gene variants may affect smoking behaviour. Self-reported data on smoking behaviour (never smoked, quit, occasional, or regular smokers) and level of nicotine addiction (Hooked on Nicotine Checklist and Fagerstrom Nicotine Addiction Scale), anxiety, as well as buccal samples were obtained from 930 Hungarian young adults (18–35 years). Genetic analysis involved eight GDNF single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) (rs1981844, rs3812047, rs3096140, rs2973041, rs2910702, rs1549250, rs2973050 and rs11111). Allele-wise association analyses of the eight GDNF SNPs provided a significant association between smoking behaviour and rs3096140 (P = 0.0039). The minor allele (C) was more frequent in those groups who smoked in some form (quit, occasional or regular smokers) as compared to those who never smoked (P = 0.0046). This result remained significant after Bonferroni correction for multiple testing. In the ever smoking group, no significant differences were found in the level of nicotine addiction by the alleles of these polymorphisms. Also, no significant interaction of rs3096140 and smoking categories were observed on anxiety mean scores. Although previous data demonstrated an association between GDNF rs2910704 and severity of methamphetamine use to the best of our knowledge, this is the first study on the role of GDNF genetic variations in smoking behaviour. Our results suggest that GDNF rs3096140 might be involved in the genetic background of smoking, independent of anxiety characteristics. © 2016 Indian Academy of Science

    Identification of a claudin-4 and E-cadherin score to predict prognosis in breast cancer

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    The elevated expression of claudins (CLDN) and E-cadherin (CDH-1) was found to correlate with poor prognostic features. Our aim was to perform a comprehensive analysis to assess their potential to predict prognosis in breast cancer. The expression of CLDN-1, -3-5, -7, -8, -10, -15, -18, and E-cadherin at the mRNA level was evaluated in correlation with survival in datasets containing expression measurements of 1809 breast cancer patients. The breast cancer tissues of 197 patients were evaluated with tissue microarray technique and immunohistochemical method for CLDN-1-5, -7, and E-cadherin protein expression. An additional validation set of 387 patients was used to test the accuracy of the resulting prognostic score. Based on the bioinformatic screening of publicly-available datasets, the metagene of CLDN-3, -4, -7, and E-cadherin was shown to have the most powerful predictive power in the survival analyses. An immunohistochemical protein profile consisting of CLDN-2, -4, and E-cadherin was able to predict outcome in the most effective manner in the training set. Combining the overlapping members of the above two methods resulted in the claudin-4 and E-cadherin score (CURIO), which was able to accurately predict relapse-free survival in the validation cohort (P=0.029). The multivariate analysis, including clinicopathological variables and the CURIO, showed that the latter kept its predictive power (P=0.040). Furthermore, the CURIO was able to further refine prognosis, separating good versus poor prognosis subgroups in luminal A, luminal B, and triple-negative breast cancer intrinsic subtypes. In breast cancer, the CURIO provides additional prognostic information besides the routinely utilized diagnostic approaches and factors. © 2011 Japanese Cancer Association
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