Non-converging hysteretic cycles in random spin networks

Behavior of hysteretic trajectories for cyclical input is investigated as a function of the internal structure of a system modeled by the classical random network of binary spins. Different regimes of hysteretic behavior are discovered for different network connectivity and topology. Surprisingly, hysteretic trajectories which do not converge at all are observed. They are shown to be associated with the presence of specific topological elements in the network structure, particularly with the fully interconnected spin groups of size equal or greater than 4.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure

Temperature dependence of antiferromagnetic susceptibility in ferritin

We show that antiferromagnetic susceptibility in ferritin increases with temperature between 4.2 K and 180 K (i. e. below the N\'{e}el temperature) when taken as the derivative of the magnetization at high fields ($30\times10^4$ Oe). This behavior contrasts with the decrease in temperature previously found, where the susceptibility was determined at lower fields ($5\times10^4$ Oe). At high fields (up to $50 \times10^4$ Oe) the temperature dependence of the antiferromagnetic susceptibility in ferritin nanoparticles approaches the normal behavior of bulk antiferromagnets and nanoparticles considering superantiferromagnetism, this latter leading to a better agreement at high field and low temperature. The contrast with the previous results is due to the insufficient field range used ($< 5 \times10^4$ Oe), not enough to saturate the ferritin uncompensated moment.Comment: 7 pages, 7 figures, accepted in Phys. Rev.

Kondo effect of a Co atom on Cu(111) in contact with an Fe tip

Single Co atoms, which exhibit a Kondo effect on Cu(111), are contacted with Cu and Fe tips in a low-temperature scanning tunneling microscope. With Fe tips, the Kondo effect persists with the Abrikosov-Suhl resonance significantly broadened. In contrast, for Cu-covered W tips, the resonance width remains almost constant throughout the tunneling and contact ranges. The distinct changes of the line width are interpreted in terms of modifications of the Co d state occupation owing to hybridization with the tip apex atoms.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure

Quantized Conductance of a Single Magnetic Atom

A single Co atom adsorbed on Cu(111) or on ferromagnetic Co islands is contacted with non-magnetic W or ferromagnetic Ni tips in a scanning tunneling microscope. When the Co atom bridges two non-magnetic electrodes conductances of 2e^2/h are found. With two ferromagnetic electrodes a conductance of e^2/h is observed which may indicate fully spin-polarized transport.Comment: 3 pages, 2 figure

Understanding and engineering phonon-mediated tunneling into graphene on metal surfaces

Metal-intercalated graphene on Ir(111) exhibits phonon signatures in inelastic elec- tron tunneling spectroscopy with strengths that depend on the intercalant. Extraor- dinarily strong graphene phonon signals are observed for Cs intercalation. Li interca- lation likewise induces clearly discriminable phonon signatures, albeit less pronounced than observed for Cs. The signal can be finely tuned by the alkali metal coverage and gradually disappears upon increasing the junction conductance from tunneling to con- tact ranges. In contrast to Cs and Li, for Ni-intercalated graphene the phonon signals stay below the detection limit in all transport ranges. Going beyond the conventional two-terminal approach, transport calculations provide a comprehensive understanding of the subtle interplay between the graphene{electrode coupling and the observation of graphene phonon spectroscopic signatures

Shape-induced phenomena in the finite size antiferromagnets

It is of common knowledge that the direction of easy axis in the finite-size ferromagnetic sample is controlled by its shape. In the present paper we show that a similar phenomenon should be observed in the compensated antiferromagnets with strong magnetoelastic coupling. Destressing energy which originates from the long-range magnetoelastic forces is analogous to demagnetization energy in ferromagnetic materials and is responsible for the formation of equilibrium domain structure and anisotropy of macroscopic magnetic properties. In particular, crystal shape may be a source of additional uniaxial magnetic anisotropy which removes degeneracy of antiferromagnetic vector or artificial 4th order anisotropy in the case of a square cross-section sample. In a special case of antiferromagnetic nanopillars shape-induced anisotropy can be substantially enhanced due to lattice mismatch with the substrate. These effects can be detected by the magnetic rotational torque and antiferromagnetic resonance measurements.Comment: 7 pages, 5 figures, to appear in Phys. Rev. B, v.75, N17, 200

Geometrically constrained magnetic wall

The structure and properties of a geometrically constrained magnetic wall in a constriction separating two wider regions are investigated theoretically. They are shown to differconsiderably from those of an unconstrained wall, so that the geometrically constrained magnetic wall truly constitutes a new kind of magnetic wall, besides the well known Bloch and Neel walls. In particular, the width of a constrained wall cann become very small if the characteristic length of the constriction is small, as is actually the case in an atomic point contact. This provides a simple, natural explanation for the large magnetoresistance observed in ferromagnetic atomic point contacts.Comment: RevTeX, 4 pages, 4 eps figures; v2: revised version; v3: ref. adde

Long-range Kondo signature of a single magnetic impurity

The Kondo effect, one of the oldest correlation phenomena known in condensed matter physics, has regained attention due to scanning tunneling spectroscopy (STS) experiments performed on single magnetic impurities. Despite the sub-nanometer resolution capability of local probe techniques one of the fundamental aspects of Kondo physics, its spatial extension, is still subject to discussion. Up to now all STS studies on single adsorbed atoms have shown that observable Kondo features rapidly vanish with increasing distance from the impurity. Here we report on a hitherto unobserved long range Kondo signature for single magnetic atoms of Fe and Co buried under a Cu(100) surface. We present a theoretical interpretation of the measured signatures using a combined approach of band structure and many-body numerical renormalization group (NRG) calculations. These are in excellent agreement with the rich spatially and spectroscopically resolved experimental data.Comment: 7 pages, 3 figures + 8 pages supplementary material; Nature Physics (Jan 2011 - advanced online publication

Unoccupied states of individual silver clusters and chains on Ag(111)

Size-selected silver clusters on Ag(111) were fabricated with the tip of a scanning tunneling microscope. Unoccupied electron resonances give rise to image contrast and spectral features which shift toward the Fermi level with increasing cluster size. Linear assemblies exhibit higher resonance energies than equally sized compact assemblies. Density functional theory calculations reproduce the observed energies and enable an assignment of the resonances to hybridized atomic 5s and 5p orbitals with silver substrate states.Comment: 9 pages, 8 figure

About low field memory and negative magnetization in semiconductors and polymers

Ginzburg-Landau bulk magnetization of itinerant electrons can provide a negative effective field in the Weiss model by coupling to localized magnetic moments. The coupling enforces remnant magnetization, which can be negative or positive depending on the sample magnetic history. Stable magnetic susceptibility of coupled nonequilibrium subsystems with magnetization reversal is always positive. Gauss-scale fields could be expected for switching between negative and positive remnant moments in semiconductors with coupling at ambient temperatures. Negative magnetization in ultra-high conducting polymers is also discussed within the developed framework.Comment: 8 pages, no figure