26 research outputs found
Establishing a Learning Model for Correct Hand Hygiene Technique in a NICU
The ability of healthcare workers to learn proper hand hygiene has been an
understudied area of research. Generally, hand hygiene skills are regarded as a
key contributor to reduce critical infections and healthcare-associated
infections. In a clinical setup, at a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU), the
outcome of a multi-modal training initiative was recorded, where objective
feedback was provided to the staff. It was hypothesized that staff at the NICU
are more sensitive towards applying increased patient safety measures. Outcomes
were recorded as the ability to cover all hand surfaces with Alcohol-Based
Handrub (ABHR), modelled as a time-series of measurements. The learning ability
to rub in with 1.5 mL and with 3 mL was also assessed. As a secondary outcome,
handrub consumption and infection numbers were recorded. It has been observed
that some staff members were able to quickly learn the proper hand hygiene,
even with the limited 1.5 mL, while others were not capable of acquiring the
technique even with 3 mL. When analyzing the 1.5 mL group, it was deemed an
insufficient ABHR amount, while with 3 mL, the critical necessity of skill
training to achieve complete coverage was documented. Identifying these
individuals helps the infection control staff to better focus their training
efforts. The training led to a 157% increase in handrub consumption. The
setting of the study did not allow to show a measurable reduction in the number
of hospital infections. It has been concluded that the training method chosen
by the staff greatly affects the quality of the outcomes
Synthesis of hyperbranched poly(ethyleneimine) based macromolecular antioxidants and investigation of their efficiency in stabilization of polyolefins
Macromolecular antioxidants
with highly sup
p
ressed leac
h
ing to the environment,
based
on
hyperbranched
poly(ethyleneimine)
carrier
with
bonded sterically hindered phenol and
2
alkyl compatibilizing groups with various chain length were synthesized and tes
ted for
their efficiency in stabilization of polyolefins. The synthesis of the
macromolecular
antioxidants was carried out
by
amidation of
the
amine groups present in
poly(ethyleneimine) with various carboxylic acids containing sterically hindered phenol
a
nd compatibilizing group
s
, such as n
-
butyryl, lauryl or stearyl.
The structure of the
resulting polymers
was analyzed by
1
H NMR and by GPC. The antioxidant content of
the
samples was determined by UV
-
Vis
spectroscopy.
The e
fficiency of the synthesized
anti
oxidants in therm
ooxidative
stabilization of polypropylene was
determined by
chemiluminescence.
The e
fficiency in photostabilization of polypropylene and
polyethylene was investigated
by
using FT IR and UV
-
Vis
spectroscopies. It was found
that
the macromol
ecular antioxidant which did not contain any compatibilizing groups
shows
the best stabilizing efficiency in both therm
ooxidative
and photooxidation tests.
The extent of extraction of the synthesized macromolecular antioxidants from
polypropylene films was
investigated as well.
Low
extent
of extraction of the
maromolecular
antioxidants from the po
lypropylene films was observed
in contrast to the
high level of leaching of commercially used low molecular weight phenolic antioxidant
.
These results indicate the
environmental advantage of the investigated
poly(ethyleneimine) based macromolecular antioxidants over the widely applied low
molecu
l
ar weight compounds
Basic aspects of the pharmacodynamics of tolperisone, a widely applicable centrally acting muscle relaxant
Tolperisone (2-methyl-1-(4-methylphenyl)-3-piperidin-1-ylpropan-1-one hydro-chloride) was introduced in the clinical practice more than forty years ago and is still evaluated as a widely applicable compound in pathologically elevated skeletal muscle tone (spasticity) and related pains of different origin. In the present review, basic pharmacodynamic effects measured on whole animals, analyses of its actions on cell and tissue preparations and molecular mechanism of action on sodium and calcium channels are summarized as recently significantly new data were reported